Ingabe ithambo lakho likhula njengesimila esincane? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu (Exostosis)!

Wake waphawula into efana nokukhula okuncane ethanjeni endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, mhlawumbe emunweni, emlenzeni, noma ngisho nasendlebeni? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu akulimazi, kodwa kungaphazamisa kancane ukukubona, akunjalo? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokukhula okwengeziwe kwethambo okukhula ethanjeni, kodwa okungenawo umdlavuza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Exostosis)` kwisayensi yezokwelapha.

Kuyini lokhu ``(Exostosis)``? Ake sikuqonde kalula, akunjalo?

Kalula nje, i-"Exostosis" iyisicucu esisha sethambo esikhula phezu kwethambo lakho, okungukuthi, phezu kwezicubu zethambo ezikhona. Kufana nesicucu esincane sethambo esikhula phezu kwethambo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu akusiwo umdlavuza. Okusho ukuthi, akusiwo uphawu lomdlavuza noma into ebangela umdlavuza. Futhi, le "Exostosis" ayisabalali kwezinye izindawo emzimbeni (odokotela bayibiza ngokuthi "i-metastasize").

Esikhathini esiningi, lezi "exostosis" azibangeli zimpawu. Ungase ungazi nokuthi unazo. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi ukukhula kwethambo okwengeziwe kwenzeka kuphi - kuliphi ithambo, noma kuliphi ingxenye yomzimba - ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe ubuhlungu uma usebenzisa lelo thambo noma uhambisa leyo ngxenye.

Uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingayo nge-exostosis luncike ekutheni itholakala kuphi. Iliphi ithambo elikulo lizothinta izimpawu ozizwayo nokuthi udokotela uzoliphatha kanjani.

Lokhu "(Exostosis)" kungakhula kuphi emzimbeni?

I-``(Exostosis)`` ingakheka kunoma yiliphi ithambo emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, kunezindawo lapho zivame khona kakhulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Amathambo eqakala nezinyawo: Yebo, lokhu kungakhula emaqakaleni akho, ezinzwaneni, noma emathanjeni ezinyawo zakho.
• Emigudwini yendlebe: I-Exostosis ingakhula nasemathanjeni angaphakathi kwendlebe.
• Ezimbotsheni zama-sinus: Lokhu kungatholakala nasemathanjeni ngaphakathi kwezimbotshana zomoya (ama-sinus) azungeze ikhala lakho.
• Umhlathi: Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinhlobo zokukhula zingase zenzeke nasemhlathini.
• Iminwe nezinzwane: Lokhu kungakhula futhi emalungeni eminwe noma ezinzwaneni.

Kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-``(Exostosis)`` odokotela abazibiza ngamagama athile. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo ngemininingwane ethe xaxa, akunjalo?

Izinhlobo eziningana ze-``(Exostosis)`` okuxoxwa ngazo

• Indlebe kaSurfer: Leli igama elinikezwa ukukhula kwethambo ngaphakathi komsele wendlebe elibizwa ngokuthi ``Exostosis''. Abantu abanalesi simo banamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo zendlebe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lokhu kukhula kwethambo okwengeziwe kungavimba umsele wendlebe lapho amanzi engena ngaphakathi. Kwezinye izimo, ``indlebe kaSurfer'' ingabangela ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Lesi simo sibizwa kanjalo ngoba sivame kakhulu kubantu ababhukuda emanzini abandayo noma ababhukuda emanzini.

• Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund: Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama elingavamile, kodwa kumane kuyi-exostosis ekhula ngemuva kwethambo lesithende sakho (elibizwa nangokuthi i-calcaneus), lapho i-Achilles tendon yakho (i-tendon enkulu egijima kusukela phezulu kwesithende sakho iye ethanjeni lakho) inamathela khona ethanjeni. Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund kungabangela ubuhlungu esithendeni. Lobuhlungu bungaba buhlungu kakhulu uma ugqoka izicathulo eziqinile ngemuva kwesithende. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "i-pump bump" ngoba ingabonakala uma ugqoka izithende eziphakeme ezithile.

• I-subungual exostosis: Lokhu kwenzeka ethanjeni ngaphansi kozipho lomunwe wakho noma uzwane. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphansi kombhede wezinzipho. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi uzipho luphumele phezulu, noma kungabangela ubuhlungu obuzungeze uzipho.

• I-Paranasal sinus exostosis: Njengoba igama lisho, lokhu kuvela emathanjeni angaphakathi kwemigodi ye-sinus ezungeze ikhala. Kungabangela ukuminyana kwamakhala nobunzima bokuphefumula.

• Ama-bone spurs: Lawa futhi uhlobo lwe-exostosis. Odokotela bawabiza nangokuthi ama-osteophyte. Lawa ma-bone spurs akhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Avame ukubonakala eduze kwamalunga (lapho amathambo amabili noma ngaphezulu ehlangana khona). Angahlotshaniswa nezimo ezifana ne-osteoarthritis.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo (i-Exostosis)?

Empeleni, noma ubani angaba nesifo "(i-Exostosis)". Kodwa-ke, zivame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi kuleyo minyaka, amathambo abo akhula ngokushesha futhi awakakhuli ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, phakathi naleyo nqubo yokukhula, kunethuba elikhulu lalezi zinhlobo zamathambo ezengeziwe.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-``(Exostosis)``?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-exostosis eminingi ayibangeli zimpawu. Ungase ungazi nokuthi unayo. Ingatholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-X-ray noma ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngudokotela.

Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingaba kanje:

• I-Exostosis: Ubuhlungu endaweni lapho i-exostosis ivele khona.
• Uma kuvela phezu noma eduze kwelunga (isibonelo, isinqe, idolo, iqakala, umunwe, noma uzwane), kuzoba nokuqina noma ubuhlungu lapho kushukunyiswa lelo lunga.
• Uma lokhu kwakheke emgodini we-sinus, impumulo izozizwa igcwele futhi isinda.
• Uma unendlebe ethi "Surfer's ear", ungase ube nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa. Ungase futhi uthole izifo zendlebe njalo ngoba ithambo elengeziwe lenza kube lula ukuthi amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi kwendlebe, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amagciwane akhule.

Cabanga nje, uma ugijima futhi ugxuma, ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuhlungu obuncane eqakaleni lakho, futhi kuzwakala sengathi kunesilonda esincane esandleni sakho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungaba ``(Exostosis)''.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(Exostosis)`?

Ezinye "(Exostosis)" zikhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Odokotela bazibiza ngokuthi "(idiopathic)" okusho ukuthi "ayikho imbangela eyaziwayo."

Kodwa-ke, kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwe-`(Exostosis):`

• Ukulimala: Uma ithambo lonakele ngandlela thile, ngezinye izikhathi lingakhula kahle, lenze ingxenye eyengeziwe yethambo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Exostosis." Cabanga ukuthi uyawa bese ulimaza ithambo engalweni yakho. Uma liphola, kungase kwakheke iqhubu elincane elengeziwe endaweni yokulimala.
• Izimo zempilo: Ezinye izifo, njenge-osteoarthritis kanye ne-spinal stenosis, zingabangela ingcindezi eyengeziwe emathanjeni. Uma lokhu kucindezela kuthatha isikhathi eside futhi kubangela umonakalo, i-exostosis ingavela ngenxa yalokho.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma abazali bakho bake baba ne-exostosis, ungase ube namathuba amancane okuba nayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kube nokuthambekela kofuzo.

Wazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-``(Exostosis)``? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma usola ukuthi une-exostosis, udokotela angakuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekile. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa kulokhu: ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe.

Okokuqala, udokotela uzobheka iqhubu emzimbeni wakho, alizwe, bese ekubuza nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo.

Ngemuva kwalokho, bazo-oda ukuhlolwa kwesithombe ukuze babone ukukhula kwamathambo kanye nezicubu ezizungezile ngokucacile. Lokhu kungafaka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• Ama-X-ray: Lokhu kuvame ukuba yinto yokuqala eyenziwayo. I-X-ray ingabonisa amathambo ngokucacile, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini i-exostosis nokuthi inkulu kangakanani.
• I-CT scan: Lokhu kungaveza isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi kune-X-ray. Kuyasiza ukubona izinto ezifana nesimo sethambo kanye nobudlelwano balo nezicubu ezizungezile.
• I-MRI scan: Lokhu kunganikeza isithombe esicacile hhayi nje ngamathambo, kodwa futhi nezicubu ezithambile eziwazungezile (njengemisipha kanye nemisipha).

Kusekelwe olwazini olutholwe kulezi zivivinyo ukuthi udokotela angakutshela ngqo ukuthi une-exostosis noma okunye.

Indlela yokwelapha ``(Exostosis)``?

Ukwelashwa kwe-exostosis kuncike ekutheni itholakala kuphi emzimbeni wakho nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo.

Ezinye '(i-Exostosis)' azidingi ukwelashwa. Yebo, ungase umangale. Kodwa kuyiqiniso. Uma kungekho ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki, isikhathi esiningi udokotela uzothi, "Kulungile, ake sibone."

Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala, ungathola impumuzo ngemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (ama-NSAID e-OTC, njenge-ibuprofen). Kodwa-ke, uma uthatha le mithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu izinsuku ezingaphezu kweshumi ngesikhathi, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Abantu abanezimo ezifana nokukhubazeka kukaHaglund bangathola impumuzo ngokugqoka izicathulo ezihlukile kancane ezingacindezeli isithende. Okusho ukuthi, kungcono ukukhetha izicathulo ezingaqinile kakhulu futhi ezinesithende esithambile.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-exostosis zidinga ukuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, uma unendlebe ye-surfer, ebangela izifo zendlebe ezivame ukwenzeka noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okukhulu , udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ithambo elengeziwe. Ngokufanayo, uma i-subungual exostosis ibangela umonakalo kuzinzipho futhi ibangela ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, ingasuswa futhi ngokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo uzokuchazela inqubo, okuhlanganisa ukuthi izothatha isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi izothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa.

Uma ngine-``(Exostosis)'', yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Ngokuvamile akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngokuba ne-"(Exostosis)". Ungalindela ukululama okuphelele. Ngisho noma kususwe ngokuhlinzwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube khona izimpawu zesikhathi eside.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo ze-exostosis – ikakhulukazi indlebe ye-surfer – zinethuba elincane lokukhula ngemva kokususwa. Ngakho-ke, uma uzizwa sengathi uneqhubu noma ukukhula okunje futhi, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-``(Exostosis)''?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela eqondile yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-exostosis.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezimo ezifana ne-arthritis noma i-spinal stenosis, kubalulekile ukuphatha lezo zimpawu kahle. Ukwenza kanjalo kunganciphisa ingozi yokucindezeleka okungadingekile kanye nomonakalo emathanjeni akho kanye nokukhula kwe-exostosis.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu: Uma ubona iqhubu elisha noma isimila emzimbeni wakho, kungaba phezu kwethambo noma eduze kwalo, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba udokotela ayihlole bese enquma ukuthi ingabe "yi-Exostosis" noma into engathi sína kakhulu (njengesimila somdlavuza njenge-"Sarcoma").

I-Exostosis akuyona umdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthi udokotela ahlole noma yikuphi ukukhula okusha noma iqhubu ngokushesha okukhulu. Khona-ke ungaqiniseka, akunjalo?

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uya kudokotela, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngine-"Exostosis" noma olunye uhlobo lokukhula?
• Uhlobo luni lwe-`(Exostosis)` enginalo? (Isibonelo: `(Indlebe kaSurfer)`, `(Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund)`)
• Yini engaba imbangela yalokhu "(Exostosis)"?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ngisuse lokhu?
• Yini engingayenza ekhaya ukuze ngilawule izimpawu zami? (isib., imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu, ukushintsha izicathulo)

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Exostosis)`, `(Sarcoma)`, `(Osteoma)`, kanye ne-`(Osteochondroma)`?

La magama angase abonakale edida kancane. Kodwa ake sikwenze kube lula. Konke lokhu kuyizinhlobo "zamathumba."

• Umehluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kanye ne-(Sarcoma):

Umehluko omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ``(Exostosis)`` akalokothi abe ngumdlavuza.

I-Sarcoma iyisimila esingavamile kodwa esibi esikhula emathanjeni nasezicutshini ezizungezile. I-Sarcoma ibangelwa ushintsho (ukuguqulwa) kwi-DNA yamathambo noma amangqamuzana ezicubu angakavuthwa. Ezinye zalezi zinguquko ze-DNA zibangela lawo maseli ukuba abe nomdlavuza.

Yingakho sishilo ngaphambilini ukuthi uma ubona iqhubu elisha ethanjeni, ikakhulukazi uma libuhlungu, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Nakuba i-exostosis ingeyona umdlavuza, izimila eziyingozi kakhulu njenge-sarcoma zingakhula ezindaweni ezifanayo, futhi izimpawu zokuqala zingafana.

• Umehluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kanye ne-(Osteoma):

I-osteoma ye-osteoid (ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-osteoma) uhlobo lwesimila samathambo esingesona umdlavuza.

Lezi zifana kakhulu ne-`(Exostosis)`. Kodwa-ke, i-`(Osteoid osteoma)` ivame ukuvela emathanjeni amade (njengamathambo amade emilenzeni nasezingalweni). Zivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 nengama-25. Ngokuvamile zibangela ubuhlungu obungajabulisi obuvela ngaphakathi emzimbeni, futhi lobu buhlungu buba bubi kakhulu ebusuku.

• Umehluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kanye ne-(Osteochondroma):

Uma kuvela i-exostosis endaweni yethambo embozwe yi-cartilage (ithambo elithambile, eliguquguqukayo elitholakala emalungeni ethu, ezindlebeni nasekhaleni), libizwa ngokuthi i-osteochondroma. Zombili ziyizimila zamathambo ezingezona umdlavuza. I-Osteochondroma ivame ukukhula ekugcineni kwamathambo amade ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha. Zivame ukubonakala kakhulu ezitsheni zokukhula zezingane (i-cartilage esiza amathambo ukuba akhule futhi kamuva abe yithambo eliqinile).

Ama-osteochondroma akhula ewodwa abizwa ngokuthi ama-osteochondroma azimele. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nama-osteochondroma amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yisimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-osteochondroma amaningi azalwa ewodwa.

Uma ubona iqhubu elisha ethanjeni noma eduze kwalo emzimbeni wengane yakho, ikakhulukazi uma iqhubu libuhlungu, bona udokotela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uthola ukuthi uneqhubu emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, akukho okufanele wesabe kakhulu nge-'(Exostosis)'. Ngoba, azinawo umdlavuza. Eqinisweni, uma i-'(Exostosis)' yakho ingakubangeli ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa. Ngisho noma isusiwe ngokuhlinzwa, ungalulama ngokuphelele futhi ungabi nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Kodwa, ungazikhohlwa lezi zinto:

• Uma ubona iqhubu elisha noma ukukhula ethanjeni noma eduze kwalo, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukuhlonza ngokunembile ukuthi ngabe "yi-exostosis" noma esinye isimo, mhlawumbe esibi kakhulu.
• I-Exostosis akuyona umdlavuza, ngakho ungakhathazeki ngokungadingekile.
• Ezimweni eziningi, uma kungekho zimpawu, ukwelashwa akudingeki.
• Nakuba kudingeka ukwelashwa, imiphumela ephumelelayo ingatholakala.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe. Hlala uphilile!

i- exostosis, isimila samathambo, ukukhula kwamathambo, indlebe ye-surfer, ukukhubazeka kuka-haglund, i-bone spur, isimila esingeyona umdlavuza