Ingabe izinzwa zethu zingaba nobuthi? Ake sixoxe ngobuthi bezinzwa!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesizungu ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe izitho zakho zomzimba ziyaphela amandla? Noma uzizwa sengathi inkumbulo yakho iya iba yimbi, noma kunzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho isendaweni eyodwa? Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu yinto esingayicabangi nhlobo. Lokho ubuthi be-neurological, noma njengoba sikubiza ngamagama ezokwelapha, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ubuthi be-neurological . Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, kulungile?

Kalula nje, kuyini ubuthi be-neuro?

Ubuthi be-neurobuthi buvela ngokwemvelo noma ubuthi obenziwe ngumuntu (okuthiwa ama-neurobuthi) emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo, emanzini esiwaphuzayo, ekudleni esikudlayo, kanye nezinye zezinto esizisebenzisayo zilimaza uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa. Ubuwazi ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luyinethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu? Luhlanganisa ubuchopho bethu, umgogodla, kanye nezinzwa emzimbeni wethu wonke . Lezi yizo ezilawula konke esikucabangayo, esikwenzayo, esikushoyo, nesikuzwayo.

Ngakho-ke, lobu buthi bungabangela izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa. Lezi zinguquko ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zincane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibe zimbi kakhulu . Nakuba ezinye izinguquko zingelashwa futhi zelapheke, ezinye zingase zibe impilo yonke. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lobu buthi be-neurosis bungaholela ngisho nasekufeni . Cabanga ukuthi lokho kuyingozi kangakanani!

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nezinto ezingavamile ukuba yingozi kithi, isibonelo, eminye imithi, zingabangela ubuthi bemizwa uma zithathwa ngokweqile. Noma, kunezinye izinto, njenge-lead, ezingaba ubuthi ngisho nangobuningi obuncane.

Lokhu kushelela kwemizwa kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane , ukukhula kwengane , noma ukuba mdala . Kodwa-ke, umonakalo obangelwa ukuchayeka kulezi zinobuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nobuntwana buqala ukuba mkhulu. Futhi, abantu abanezifo ezithile, isibonelo, labo abane-jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) noma labo abanezifo ezifana ne-Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT), basengozini enkulu yokuthola lobu bushelela bemizwa.

Ziyini lezi zinto ezibangela ubuthi engqondweni?

Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zinzwa. Zingaba semoyeni, ziwuketshezi, noma ziqinile. Ezinye izinto ezinobuthi zingadala izimpawu ngisho noma zingamancane kakhulu, noma ngemva kokuziveza kanye. Kanti ezinye zidinga inani elikhulu kanye nokuziveza isikhathi eside ukuze zibangele izimpawu.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Izinsimbi ezisindayo: Isibonelo, i-lead, i-mercury.
• Ezinye izinto ezitholakala ngokwemvelo: Isibonelo, i-carbon monoxide, i-arsenic, kanye ne-trichothecene mycotoxins ezivela kwezinye izikhunta.
• Isibulali-zinambuzane:Isibonelo, `(organophosphates)` kanye `(chlorpyrifos)`. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ekulimeni kwethu, akunjalo?
• Izinyibilikisi ezitholakala ezimbonini kanye nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza: Isibonelo, `(tetrachloroethylene)`.
• Izinto zokukhiqiza: Isibonelo `(vinyl chloride)`, `(toluene)`, `(formaldehyde)` kanye `(polybrominated diphenyl ethers) (PBDEs)`.
• Izidakamizwa Notshwala: Utshwala, Ama-Amphetamine, Ama-Opioid, Ama-Inhalants, kanye ne-Cocaine.

Kukhona futhi amakhemikhali athinta izinhlelo zethu zamahomoni, abizwa ngokuthi amakhemikhali aphazamisa i-Endocrine (EDCs). Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Bisphenol A (BPA) (etholakala kwamanye amapulasitiki), ama-phthalates, kanye nama-polychlorinated biphenyl compounds (ama-PCB). Lokhu kungabangela ubuthi be-neurological ngokungaqondile.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwemithi kanye nobuthi be-neurotoxicity

Ubuwazi ukuthi eminye imithi, isibonelo, eminye imithi elwa namagciwane kanye neminye imithi elwa nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ingabangela ubuthi bemizwa ngezizathu ezahlukene? Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo zale mithi zidlula kakhulu izingozi zobuthi bemizwa . Yingakho odokotela beyinikeza ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziswa ekwelapheni umdlavuza, ingabangela nobuthi bemizwa.

• Imithi equkethe i-platinum: `(oxaliplatin)`, `(cisplatin)`, `(carboplatin)`
• Imithi ye-Taxane: `(paclitaxel)`, `(docetaxel)`
• Ama-alkaloid e-Vinca: `(vincristine)`, `(vinblastine)`
• Izithibi ze-Proteasome
• Ama-analogue e-Thalidomide

Akuyona nje i-chemotherapy, kodwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungalimaza nesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko futhi kubangele ubuthi be-neurological.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Eqinisweni, kunzima kubacwaningi ukusho ukuthi lesi simo sivame kangakanani, uma ubheka inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinzwa kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bathi ukuchayeka kwethu kulezi zinzwa kusakazeke kabanzi .

Ake ngikunike izibonelo ezimbili ezizokusiza uqonde ubukhulu balokhu:

• Ucwaningo olulodwa luthole ukuthi kunezibuthi ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-385 ezibangelwa yizibulala-zinambuzane emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke , okuholela ekufeni kwabantu abangaba ngu-11,000 minyaka yonke.
• Kulinganiselwa nokuthi abantu ababalelwa esigidini bayafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yobuthi be-lead . Ingane eyodwa kwezintathu emhlabeni wonke - okungaba yizigidi ezingu-800 zezingane - inamazinga aphezulu e-lead egazini layo . Cabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyingozi kangakanani! I-lead ingatholakala kupende ezindlini ezindala nakwamanye amathoyizi.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu zobuthi obubangelwa yizinzwa zingahluka kakhulu. Kuya ngohlobo lobuthi obuvezwe kubo. Izimpawu zingahluka kusukela kokuncane kuya kokukhulu . Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingavela ngokushesha ngemva kokuvezwa ubuthi, noma zingathatha amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ukuba zivele.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu zomzimba:

• Izinkinga ngokulinganisela kanye nokuxhumana (ukungakwazi ukuhamba kahle, ukuba nenkinga yokubamba izinto)
• Uhudo (ubuhlungu besisu)
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isifiso sokudla
• Izimo zobuhlungu ezifana nobuhlungu be-neuropathic
• Izinkinga zemisipha: ubuthakathaka, ukuqaqamba, ukudikiza
• Isicanucanu kanye/noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zomzimba
• Izinguquko zokulala: njengokungalali kahle
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma, inkulumo engacacile (i-dysarthria)
• Izinkinga zokubona noma ukulahlekelwa umbono

Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zengqondo nezokuqonda:

• Izinguquko zokuziphatha noma izinkinga
• Ukwehla kwamakhono okuqonda, isibonelo, ukukhubazeka okuncane kokuqonda
• Isiyezi noma ukudideka
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwabaphathi: Lokhu kusho ubunzima bokulawula imizwa kanye nokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo.
• Ukuthukuthela ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, ukuba nolaka
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Izinguquko zesimo sengqondo

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela uma wena noma ingane yakho nibona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma izinkinga ekucabangeni kwayo, ekuziphatheni kwayo, emizweni yayo, noma empilweni yayo yomzimba . Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezidakamizwa ezibangela ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, kodwa kungaba nezinye izimbangela.

Izimpawu ezibonisa isimo esiphuthumayo

Ngezinye izikhathi ubuthi be-neurosis bungaba ngokuzumayo futhi bube bukhulu kakhulu (ubuthi be-neurosis obukhulu). Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngokuzumayo. Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Shayela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) noma uye esibhedlela esiseduze.

Izimpawu zobuthi obunamandla bezinzwa zingafaka:

• Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo
• Ukudideka noma ukuphambana kwengqondo
• Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo
• I-Psychosis, okuhlanganisa nokubona izinto ezingekho
• Ukuquleka
• Izinguquko ezinkulu ekushiseni komzimba (umkhuhlane ophakeme kakhulu (i-hyperthermia) noma izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi kakhulu (i-hypothermia))
• Ukuqala ngokuzumayo kobuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha
• Izinkinga zokubona ngokuzumayo noma ukulahlekelwa umbono
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

Yiziphi izimbangela zoshevu wemizwa?

Kalula nje, ubuthi be-neurotic buyenzeka lapho izinto ezibangela ubuthi be-neurotic ezishiwo ngenhla zilimaza, zishintsha, noma zibulala amaseli ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluseceleni noma oluphakathi. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuthinta amaseli ezinzwa, noma ama-neurons . Uyazi, lawa ma-neurons yiwo ayinhloko adlulisela futhi acubungule izimpawu ebuchosheni bethu, emgogodleni, kanye nasezinzwa ezingaphandle. Akuzona nje ama-neurons kuphela, kodwa nezinye izingxenye zesistimu yezinzwa nazo zingalimala, isibonelo , i-myelin emboza izinzwa.

Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa luyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, umonakalo obangelwa ubuthi bemizwa ungabonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Izinguquko emazingeni ama-neurotransmitter (isibonelo, i-dopamine), ikhemikhali ebalulekile ebuchosheni bethu, kanye nokuxhumana kwawo.
• Ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, kobuchopho noma komgogodla (ukuvuvukala kwe-neuro).
• Izinguquko zesakhiwo ebuchosheni, isibonelo, izinguquko kumthamo wezinto ezimpunga nezimhlophe ebuchosheni.
• Ukulimala kwe-myelin sheath ezungeze izinzwa zangaphandle.

Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezibangela izinzwa

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene lezi zinzwa ezingangena ngazo emizimbeni yethu:

• Ngokuphefumula
• Ngokudla noma ngesiphuzo (ezintweni ozidlayo noma oziphuzayo)
• Ngokumunca ngesikhumba

Lezi zinobuthi zingathinta nomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Uma lezi zinobuthi zingena emzimbeni kamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, zingadlula egazini ziye emntwana osanda kuzalwa ngentambo yesisu . Yingakho eminye imithi inganconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba ingaba nemiphumela enobuthi esikhumbeni.

Uma lobu buthi bungena egazini lethu, bunganqamula umgoqo wegazi nobuchopho (i-BBB) ​​ovikela ubuchopho bethu futhi buthinte ngqo izingxenye zesimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Noma, njenge-EDC okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili, bungathinta ubuchopho ngokungaqondile ngokushintsha ezinye izinhlelo zomzimba.

Kunezindawo eziningi lapho ungachayeka khona kulezi zinzwa, ngoba imithombo yalezi zinobuthi isakazeke yonke indawo.

• Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo: ukukhishwa kwegesi ezimotweni, ukukhishwa kwegesi okuvela kwezolimo, ukukhishwa kwegesi okuvela ezimbonini.
• Ukungcola kwendawo: Ezindaweni ezifana namapaki, izikole, noma izingozi zamakhemikhali endaweni.
• Ukungcola komuzi: Kusukela kwezinye izinto zasekhaya, ukudla neziphuzo. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto zokuhlanza, izifutho zezinambuzane, kanye nopende.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?

Sesixoxile kakade ukuthi ezinye izinto ezibangela ubuthi emzimbeni zingabangela izifo zemizwa ezingamahlalakhona . Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.

Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezithile ezibangela ubuthi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komntwana osanda kuzalwa kanye nobuntwana, kutholakale ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa nezimo eziningana ezilandelayo:

• Isifo sokungakwazi ukunaka/sokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD)
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukukhathazeka
I-Schizophrenia-ngokomzwelo `(Schizophrenia)`
• Isifo se-Autism spectrum (ASD)

Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu kusikisela kuphela ukuxhumana phakathi kokuchayeka kuma-neurotoxin nalezi zimo. Abacwaningi abakaqiniseki ukuthi lobu buthi bubangela ngqo yini lezi zimo. Bayaqhubeka nokutadisha yonke imiphumela kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zala ma-neurotoxin.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezidakamizwa zemizwa futhi izimpawu zezidakamizwa zemizwa ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, ukuxilongwa kungadinga ukuhlolwa okuningana nokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha . Ngemuva kwalokho bazokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokwezinzwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo ezilandelayo zinganconywa:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njengokuskena kwe-MRI yobuchopho
• Ucwaningo lokuqhutshwa kwemizwa kanye ne-electromyography (EMG)
• Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kwe-neuropsychological
• Ukuhlaziywa koketshezi lomgogodla (CSF) lwe-cerebral (umpompi womgogodla / ukubhoboza kwe-Lumbar)

Kwezinye izimo, odokotela bangase bangakwazi ukuthola imbangela eqondile yezimpawu zobuthi be-neuro.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Izinketho zokwelapha zincike kakhulu ezimpawu zakho kanye nohlobo lwe-neurotoxin oluzibangelayo. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhilela ukususa noma ukunciphisa ukuchayeka ku-toxin, bese kwelashwa noma kulawulwa izimpawu .

Iyini inhloso? (Isibikezelo)

Umbono womuntu one-neurotoxicosis uncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa:

• Hlobo luni lwe-nerve agent oluvezwe?
• Kungakanani ukuchayeka okwakukhona?
• Ukuvezwa isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ungakanani umonakalo owenziwe ohlelweni lwezinzwa?
• Iminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke

Ukuchayeka kwezinye izinto ezibangela izinzwa kungaba yingozi. Kwezinye izimo, noma ngabe ukuchayeka kusongela impilo, isimiso sezinzwa singase singalulami ngokugcwele. Kwezinye izimo, ukululama okuphelele kungenzeka ngemva kokwelashwa.

Ukugwema kanjani lokhu? (Ukuvimbela)

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, uma ubheka ukuthi lezi zinzwa zisakazeke kangakanani empilweni yansuku zonke, kunzima ukuzigwema ngokuphelele . Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuchayeka:

• Faka umshini wokubona i-carbon monoxide ekhaya lakho, bese ushintsha amabhethri awo kanye ngonyaka.
• Ungalokothi uhlanganise imikhiqizo yokuhlanza noma amakhemikhali asekhaya ndawonye. Ukwenza kanjalo kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi, ngisho nebulalayo.
• Hlola ikhaya lakho ukuze uthole ezinye izinto ezinobuthi eziyingozi, njenge-lead.
• Gcina amafasitela akho evaliwe ngezinsuku lapho umoya ungekho esimweni esihle (ukungcola komoya okuphezulu).
• Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa notshwala.
• Uma ukhulelwe, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuchayeka ezintweni ezibangela izinzwa nokuthi zingathinta kanjani ukukhula kwengane.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho kulezi zifo zezinzwa akuwona umthwalo wakho wedwa. Kungumthwalo wemfanelo ohlanganyelwe wohulumeni bezifundazwe nabasekhaya, izinkampani, kanye nezakhamuzi ngokufanayo. Izikhungo ezifana ne-National Institute of Environmental Health Services (NIEHS) ziyaqhubeka nokucwaninga ukuthi imvelo kanye nesifo sezinzwa kuthinta kanjani impilo yabantu.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ubuthi be-neurosis bungabangelwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene futhi bungabangela izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Nakuba kunzima ukugwema zonke izidakamizwa ezibangela ubuthi be-neurosis, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uzivikele wena nomndeni wakho. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-neurosis, noma uma nikhathazekile ngokuchayeka ezintweni ezibangela ubuthi be-neurosis, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Balapha ukuzokusiza.

Ubuthi be - neuro, Isimiso sezinzwa, Ubuthi, Izimpawu, Impilo yobuchopho, Ukuvimbela