Ingabe amalunga engane yakho avuvukele futhi abuhlungu? Kungaba yi-(Oligoarthritis)! Ake sixoxe.

Ingabe ingane yakho encane izizwa sengathi iyaxhuga lapho ivuka ekuseni? Noma ingabe ihlala ithi, "Mama, lokho kubuhlungu" lapho idolo noma iqakala layo libuhlungu? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ngalokhu njengokulimala okuncane noma ukukhubeka ngenxa yokudlala, kodwa lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Oligoarthritis", esithinta izingane ezincane, okungukuthi, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16, futhi esibangela izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala, ukuqina, nobuhlungu emalungeni.

Kuyini `(i-Oligoarthritis)`? Ake sithole kalula!

Kalula nje, `(Oligoarthritis)` uhlobo lwesifo samathambo esiba khona ebuntwaneni. Igama lesiLatini elithi `Oligo`` lisho ukuthi "zimbalwa" noma "kancane." Ngakho-ke, njengoba igama lisho, ingane ene-`(Oligoarthritis)` inalokhu kuvuvukala emalungeni angaphansi kwamahlanu emzimbeni wayo. Lokhu kungokwesigaba esikhulu `(Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - JIA)` futhi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu phakathi kwazo.

Lesi simo sithinta kakhulu amalunga amakhulu engane. Okusho ukuthi, amalunga afana namadolo, amaqakala, nezindololwane yiwona avame ukubhekiswa kuwo. Kwabanye abantwana, kanye nezinkinga zala malungu, ukuvuvukala kwengqimba ephakathi ngaphakathi kweso (`(Uvea)`) nakho kungavela, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Uveitis)`. Ngakho-ke, kufanele futhi uqaphele izimpawu ezifana namehlo abomvu, ukungakwazi ukubona ngaphandle, kanye nokungaboni kahle.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-`(Oligoarthritis)`?

Yebo, `(i-Oligoarthritis)` ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, kuye ngokuthi mangaki amalunga athintekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi:

• I-Persistent Oligoarthritis: Kulokhu, amalunga amane noma ngaphansi asathinteka ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• I-Extended Oligoarthritis: Kulokhu, amalunga angaphezu kwamane angathinteka ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Ubani othola lokhu kakhulu?

I-Oligoarthritis yisifo esithinta izingane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi siyenzeka ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala abasebasha (ngokuvamile abangaphansi kweminyaka eyi-16). Nakuba sivame kakhulu emantombazaneni kunabafana, singathinta noma yimuphi umntwana.

Ivame kangakanani i-`(Oligoarthritis)`?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, `(Oligoarthritis)` uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-`(Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis - JIA)`. Uma ubheka izibalo emazweni afana neNyakatho Melika neYurophu, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe izingane ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-16 kwezingu-10,000 zine-`(JIA).` Cishe ingxenye yalezi zingane ezine-`(JIA)` nazo zine-`(Oligoarthritis).` Futhi, cishe u-20% wezingane ezitholakale zine-`(Oligoarthritis)` zingaba ne-`(Uveitis)`, noma ukuvuvukala kwamehlo.

I-`(Oligoarthritis)` iyithinta kanjani umzimba wengane? Ingabe lesi yisifo `(Autoimmune)`?

Yebo, `(Oligoarthritis)` ` yisifo `(Autoimmune disease)`, okungukuthi, isifo sokuzivikela komzimba.. Manje cabanga ngakho, sinesimiso sokuzivikela emzimbeni wethu, sikubiza ngokuthi isimiso sokuzivikela. Kufana nebutho elivikela izwe lethu. Lolu hlelo luvikela imizimba yethu ezitheni zangaphandle, okungukuthi, kumagciwane, amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, njll.

Kodwa, esifweni `(Autoimmune)`, kwenzeka into engavamile. Leli yiphutha elincane ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela. Kufana nebutho lethu elihlasela abantu abangenacala ezweni lakithi. Lapha, uhlelo lokuzivikela aluqondi ukuthi yini amangqamuzana anempilo nokuthi yini isitha esivela ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, luqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana nezicubu zethu ezinempilo.

Kwenzeka into efanayo ku-`(Oligoarthritis)`. Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somntwana sihlasela ulwelwesi oluzungeze ilunga (`(Synovium)`) , njengokungathi sihlasela isitha singaphandle. Ngokuvamile, amalunga ethu akhiqiza uketshezi oluthile (ulwelo lwe-synovial) ukuze luwagcine ehamba kalula futhi engagudlani. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlaselwa yisimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, lelo lwelwesi lamalunga liyalimala, bese liqala ukukhiqiza uketshezi oluningi kunokuvamile . Yilapho ilunga livuvukala, liba likhulu, liqine, futhi libuhlungu. Lezi yizimpawu eziyisisekelo ze-`(Oligoarthritis)`.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Oligoarthritis)`?

Izimpawu ze-`(Oligoarthritis)` azifani kuzo zonke izingane. Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu, kanti ezinye zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, izimpawu zingase zithinte amalunga amane noma ngaphansi. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingabonakala yilezi:

• Ukubona okufiphele: Lolu uphawu oluhambisana nesimo `(Uveitis)`.
• Ukukhathala Nokukhathala: Uma ingane ihlala ithi ikhathele futhi ayinasithakazelo sokudlala.
• Ukungakhululeki/ubuhlungu bamalunga: Lobuhlungu bungakhula, ikakhulukazi lapho uvuka ekuseni noma ngemva kokuma isikhashana.
• Ukuqina kwamalunga: Ukuzwa sengathi kunzima ukugoba noma ukuqondisa ilunga ekuseni.
• Amalunga athambile noma avuvukele: Uma ingane ivuvukele eduze kwelunga futhi izwa ubuhlungu lapho ilithinta.

Khumbula, uma ingane yakho ibonisa uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngaphandle kokukubheka njengento elula.

Yini ebangela `(i-Oligoarthritis)`?

I-Oligoarthritis uhlobo lwe-Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Igama elithi " idiopathic " lisho "imbangela engaziwa." Lokhu kusho ukuthi imbangela eqondile yalesi simo ayikatholakali .

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ziphakamise ukuthi lesi simo singase sibangelwe yigciwane noma amagciwane athelela ingane ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo.

Ingabe lokhu kungasakazekela kwamanye amalunga?

Ngezinye izikhathi, yebo. Ezinye izingane ezine-`(Oligoarthritis)` zingase zibe nesifo esisakazekela kwamanye amalunga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ngemva kwezinyanga eziyi-6). Lokhu yilokho esikubize ngokuthi `(Extended Oligoarthritis)` ngaphambilini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akwenzeki kubo bonke abantwana. Abanye bangase babe nesifo esilinganiselwe emalungeni athinteke ekuqaleni. Imiphumela yalesi sifo ingahluka kusukela kwencane kuya kwenzima kakhulu.

Ungayithola kanjani i-`(Oligoarthritis)`?

Ukuze ahlole ngokunembile ukuthi ingane yakho ine-"Oligoarthritis," udokotela uzolandela izinyathelo eziningana.

1. Umlando ophelele wezokwelapha kanye nezimpawu: Udokotela uzokubuza imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zengane yakho (ziyini, isikhathi esingakanani zikhona, zimbi kangakanani), mayelana nezinye izifo zengane yakho, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezinkinga ezifanayo zamalunga.

2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Amalunga engane athintekile abe esehlolwa ngokucophelela. Abheka ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu uma ethintwa, nokuthi ilunga lingagobeka futhi lelulwe kahle yini.

3. Ukukhipha ezinye izifo: Njengoba kunezinye izifo ezibangela izimpawu ezifanayo, enye yezinhloso eziyinhloko zikadokotela ukuqeda izifo ezinjalo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ngempela `(i-Oligoarthritis)`.

4. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Kunganconywa ukuthi kuhlolwe i-X-ray noma i-MRI ukuze kubonwe ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwamalunga.
• Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa komchamo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa koketshezi lwamalunga kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela yesifo kanye nezinga lokuvuvukala.

5. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana nezinkinga zokubona noma amehlo abomvu, qiniseka ukuthi uyihlola udokotela wamehlo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ayinaso isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-uveitis.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(i-Oligoarthritis)`?

Kunezinhloso eziningana eziyinhloko ekwelapheni i-oligoarthritis:

• Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala emalungeni.
• Ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe emalungeni.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukunyakaza nokusebenza kwamalunga.
• Ukulawula ubuhlungu.

Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela angase ancome okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo, kuye ngesimo sengane:

• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Le mithi inciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-ibuprofen ne-naproxen.
• Imijovo noma amaphilisi e-Corticosteroid: Umjovo we-corticosteroid ungafakwa ngqo esilungwini esithintekile. Noma, njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho, unganikezwa njengamaphilisi omlomo. Lawa angasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala ngokushesha.
• Imithi yokulwa namathambo eguqula izifo (i-DMARD): Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimba amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amalunga, ivimbele umonakalo wesikhathi eside emathanjeni nasemalungeni. Lawa ma-DMARD (isib. i-methotrexate) angasetshenziswa uma lesi sifo singalawulwa kahle ngama-NSAID noma imijovo ye-steroid, noma njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko.
• I-Biologics: Le mithi ethile ye-biologic isetshenziswa lapho amalunga engasabeli kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Isebenza futhi ngokugxila ezingxenyeni ezithile zesistimu yomzimba.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nangokomsebenzi: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kusiza ukuqinisa imisipha, kwandise ukuguquguquka kwamalunga, futhi kuthuthukise ububanzi bokunyakaza. Ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kusiza ingane ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke (njengokugqoka, ukugqoka izicathulo, nokubhala) kalula. Ngezinye izikhathi, kunganconywa izinsimbi ezikhethekile zokuvikela amalunga nokwandisa ububanzi bokunyakaza.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kwelashwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Udokotela wakho uzokufundisa ngalokhu futhi ahlele ukwelashwa kwakho ukuze anciphise imiphumela emibi.

• Ama-Corticosteroids: Ikakhulukazi ama-steroid omlomo, uma ethathwa isikhathi eside, angenza amathambo abe buthaka, athinte ukukhula okuvamile kwengane, futhi abangele ukukhuluphala. Ngakho-ke, odokotela bawasebenzisa ngokucophelela, futhi kuphela ngesikhathi esidingekayo.
• Ama-NSAID: Lokhu kungabangela ukucasuka kwesisu, isicanucanu, kanye nesilungulela kwezinye izingane. Yingakho odokotela bencoma ukuthatha le mithi kanye nokudla.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngengane, kuye ngokuthi isifo sibucayi kangakanani, kanye nendlela esabela ngayo ekwelashweni. Lesi simo (i-Oligoarthritis) singahlala kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni eminingana.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, izimpawu zingancishiswa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziphele ngokuphelele (`(Remission)`) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ingaphila kahle ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singasakazekela kwamanye amalunga njengoba ingane ikhula. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa olunikezwe udokotela ngqo.

Ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-`(i-Oligoarthritis)` kungavinjelwa?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, njengoba imbangela eqondile ingaziwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela eqondile yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-`(i-Oligoarthritis)`.

Yini okufanele uyilindele njengomzali wengane ene-`(i-Oligoarthritis)`?

Ingane ene-"(oligoarthritis)``, ikakhulukazi uma ingelashwa, ingase ikuthole kunzima ukugijima, ukudlala, nokuba matasa njengabanye abantwana. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yobuhlungu nokuqina kwamalunga.

Kodwa-ke, iningi lezingane likhula lidlule kulesi simo njengoba likhula, okungukuthi, njengoba likhula . Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nobunzima kwezinye izitho zamalunga njengoba zikhula.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kungasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu nokuqina kwamalunga . Kungathuthukisa nokuhamba kwamalunga engane futhi kuyisize yenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke kanye nemidlalo ngaphandle kwemingcele.

Ngingayibona nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bheka udokotela ngokushesha:

• Uma ingane inenkinga yokuhamba, ukugijima, ukugxuma, noma ukuhambisa amalunga ayo.
• Uma ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga kunganciphi ngemithi enqunywe udokotela, noma uma kuba kubi kakhulu.
• Uma ingane inenkinga yokubona (ukubona okufiphele, ubunzima bokubona ekukhanyeni okukhulu).
• Uma unezimpawu ezifana namehlo abuhlungu noma ukubomvu okuqhubekayo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma ukhuluma nodokotela ngengane yakho, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kule mithi? Iyini?"
• "Mingaki imijovo ye-corticosteroid ingane ezoyidinga ukuze ibe ngcono?"
• "Kufanele ngibonane kangaki nodokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba?"
• "Ingabe ingane yami ene-`(Oligoarthritis)` ingadlala imidlalo eyithandayo?"
• "Ingabe lokhu kuzothinta umsebenzi wesikole? Yini engenziwa ngakho?"

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Oligoarthritis)` kanye ne-`(Polyarthritis)`?

I-Oligoarthritis kanye ne-polyarthritis kuyizinhlobo ezimbili ze-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi ezimbili inani lamalunga athintekile kanye nohlobo lwamalunga athintekile .

• `(I-Oligoarthritis)`: Kulokhu, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, kuthinteka amalunga angaphansi kwamahlanu (ngokuvamile angu-1-4). Amalunga amakhulu njengamadolo, amaqakala, nezindololwane avame ukuthinteka.
• I-Polyarthritis: Igama elithi "Poly" lisho "eziningi." Ngakho-ke, ku-polyarthritis, amalunga amahlanu noma ngaphezulu ayathinteka. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka amalunga amancane ezandleni nasezinyaweni.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) yisifo samalunga esibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwamalungu ebuntwaneni, kanti i-Oligoarthritis iyona evame kakhulu. Ingahlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ivunyelwe ukulawula impilo yengane ngokuphelele.

Ngisho noma ingane yakho itholakale ine-`(i-Oligoarthritis)`, isengabamba iqhaza emisebenzini yayo yansuku zonke, emidlalweni eyithandayo, kanye nemidlalo njengabanye abantwana. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana nodokotela wengane yakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nengane yakho futhi oluqondene nengane yakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ingane yakho ikhule ingenabuhlungu, ijabule futhi ikhuthele. Ukusekela kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho!

I- Oligoarthritis, I-Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, I-JIA, Ubuhlungu bamalunga, I-Uveitis