Ake sifunde ngezimpawu zokuhoxa ezenzeka uma uyeka ukusebenzisa ama-opioid!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa, noma wazibonela mathupha, ukuthi ukuyeka imithi ethile yobuhlungu noma eminye imithi ngokuzumayo kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ungase uzizwe unesizungu, udidekile, futhi udidekile. Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo uma uyeka ngokuzumayo ukuthatha ama-opioid. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Ziyini lezi zidakamizwa ze-opioid? Kungani kunzima kangaka ukuziyeka?

Kalula nje, ama-opioid ayiqembu lama -painkiller anamandla kakhulu. Amanye atholakala ngokwemvelo esitshalweni se-poppy (ama-Opiates), njenge-morphine. Amanye akhiqizwa ngokwenziwa emalabhorethri (ama-Opioids), njenge-oxycodone noma i-hydrocodone. I-Heroin, abanye abantu abayisebenzisa njengomuthi, nayo iyingxenye yaleli qembu.

Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, futhi kuyalutha kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kwengozi noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, noma ngabe udokotela ukukunika lo muthi isikhathi esifushane, umzimba wakho ungawujwayela. Uma usuwujwayele, uqala ukuba nezinkinga uma uyeka ukuwuthatha. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

Lesi simo sokuhoxa sithinta labo abasebenzisa le mithi nsuku zonke isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, futhi ikakhulukazi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-90 (izinyanga ezi-3), kunokuba kube izinsuku ezimbalwa nje.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi izimpawu zokuhoxa azisongeli impilo. Kodwa-ke, zingaba zimbi kakhulu, njengokuba nomkhuhlane omubi. Ukwesaba lezi zinkinga yikho okuvimbela abanye abantu ukuthi bazisebenzise. Uma unesifo sokusebenzisa ama-opioid, ukuthola ukwelashwa kwalezi zimpawu zokuhoxa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokululama.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhoxiswa kwe-opioid?

Lezi zimpawu azifani kuwo wonke umuntu. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-opioid olusebenzisile nokuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani ulusebenzisa. Izimpawu zokuqala zingase zizwakale njengomkhuhlane omubi . Hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi unazo yini lezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu nobuhlungu bomzimba: Kuzwakala sengathi imisipha emzimbeni iyadabuka.
• Ukukhathazeka nokungahlaliseki: Ukuzizwa ungahlaliseki kakhulu, sengathi awukwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa.
• Ukugodola nomkhuhlane: Ukugodola okungazelelwe, ukuthuthumela, kanye nokushisa komzimba.
• Uhudo: indle ekhululekile.
• Abafundi abavulekile .
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile.
• Ukungalali: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, awukwazi ukulala.
• Ukufisa noma ukufisa ama-opioid.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Izinyembezi eziphuma emehlweni noma ukukhala njalo.

Izimpawu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zingase zivele ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Lezi zinkinga zizohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Kuncike futhi kuhlobo lwe-opioid oyithathile. Isibonelo, uma uthatha i-opioid esebenza ngokushesha njenge-heroin noma i-oxycodone, lezi zimpawu zingase zihlale cishe izinsuku ezine kuya kwezinhlanu. Kodwa-ke, uma uthatha i-opioid esebenza isikhathi eside njenge-methadone, lezi zimpawu zingase zihlale isonto noma ngaphezulu.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela yalokhu?

Cabanga ngakho, uma sisebenzisa la ma-opioid isikhathi eside, izinguquko ezithile ziyavela ebuchosheni bethu . Le mithi ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa ubuhlungu, kodwa futhi ishintsha isimo sethu sengqondo. Ngakho-ke, umzimba wethu uyajwayela umuzwa walezi zidakamizwa. Uma siyeka ukuzithatha ngokuzumayo, lezi zimpawu zokuhoxa ziyavela ngenxa yalezo zinguquko ebuchosheni. Okusho ukuthi, ubuchopho busabela sengathi abukwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwalesi sidakamizwa.

Yini embi kakhulu engenzeka kulokhu?

Inkinga enkulu kakhulu yalokhu ukudlula ngokweqile ngengozi ngemva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa i-opioid bese uqala futhi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zimpawu zokuhoxa zinzima kangangokuthi abantu abakwazi ukubhekana nobuhlungu bese besebenzisa umuthi futhi. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokudlula ngokweqile, njengoba umzimba ungase ungakwazi ukubekezelela inani elifanayo lama-opioid njengangaphambili.

Udokotela wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-Opioid Withdrawal?

Udokotela uzokuxilonga. Bangase bahlole igazi ukuze bahlole izidakamizwa. Bazokubuza nale mibuzo:

• Ingabe wake watholakala une-Opioid Use Disorder ngaphambilini?
• Usebenzisa luphi uhlobo lwe-opioid?
• Uyeke nini ukuyithatha?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ozibonayo njengamanje?
• Zaqala nini lezo zimpawu?
• Wake wabhekana nokuhoxa okunje ngaphambili?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphendula le mibuzo ngokwethembeka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu? Ngingayithola yini impumuzo?

Yebo, zikhona izindlela zokwelapha lokhu. Odokotela bazokunikeza imithi yezimpawu ezithile onazo. Isibonelo, ezintweni ezifana nesifo sohudo, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, njll.

Bazophinde bakhulume nawe ngokusebenzisa kwakho i-opioid futhi bakunike iseluleko sokuthi ungaziyeka kanjani futhi ugweme izimpawu zokuhoxa. Isibonelo, uma uthatha i-opioid oyinikezwe udokotela wakho ngenxa yobuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unciphise kancane kancane imithi kunokuba uyeke konke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uma unesifo sokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid, noma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo, udokotela wakho uzokubuza:Unentshisekelo yokufuna izinsizakalo zokwelulekwa ezifana ne-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

Nazi ezinye zemithi ezingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokuhoxa:

• Ngomlutha we-opioid: I-Buprenorphine (Subutex®). Lokhu kuvame ukunikezwa njengephilisi, kodwa kunganikezwa futhi njengomjovo. Ngezinye izikhathi i-buprenorphine kanye ne-opioid blocker naloxone kuyahlanganiswa (i-Suboxone® noma i-Zubsolv®). I-Methadone (i-Dolophine® noma i-Methadose®) nayo iyanikezwa.
• Uma uhudo lubuhlungu esiswini: I-Clonidine (Catapres®). Lokhu kuyasiza futhi ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme okhuphukayo ngesikhathi sokuhoxa. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome imithi yohudo etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
• Kwabanenkinga yokungalali: iTrazodone (Desyrel®), iDoxepin (Silenor®) noma iMirtazapine (Remeron®).
• Ngesicanucanu nokuhlanza: I-Ondansetron (Zofran ODT®), i-Prochlorperazine (Compazine®) noma i-Metoclopramide (Reglan®).
• Uma imisipha iguquguquka: iBaclofen (Baclofen - Ozobax®).
• Kwezinhlungu zomzimba: Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID) kanye ne-paracetamol (i-Acetaminophen).

Yini ongayilindela?

Ngokuvamile, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi ukuze unciphise izifiso zakho zama-opioid. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi udinga ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshela, ngomthamo ofanele, nangesikhathi esifanele.

Ingabe lokhu kuhoxiswa kwe-opioid akukwazi ukuvinjelwa?

Kungase kungenzeki ukuvimbela ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuqala kwezimpawu ezinzima. Uma usebenzisa ama-opioid nganoma yisiphi isizathu futhi ukhathazekile ngokuyeka, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna usizo kudokotela wakho. Angakunikeza imithi yokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Futhi, ukuthola usizo ngalezi zimpawu kungakusiza ugweme ukuba nesifo sokusetshenziswa kwama-opioid, noma okungenani kukusize uqale ukululama kuso.

Ungazisiza kanjani?

Lesi yisikhathi esinzima kakhulu, kodwa kunezinto ongayenza ukuze usize:

• Phuza imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yidosi eyodwa. Ukulahlekelwa yidosi kungabangela ukuthi izimpawu zokuhoxa zibuye. Lokhu kungakwenza ufune ukusebenzisa ama-opioid futhi.
• Cabanga ngokwelulekwa:Uma uzama ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-opioid, kungasho ukuthi wawuyilutha, noma ukuthi unesifo sokusebenzisa i-opioid. Ukukhuluma nomeluleki wokulutha kungaba usizo olukhulu ohambweni lwakho lokululama.
• Phumula ngokwanele: Ngisho noma uphuza imithi yokungalali kahle, imikhuba efana nokugwema ikhofi, itiye, notshwala ebusuku ingakusiza ulale kangcono.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ngisho noma uthatha umuthi wohudo nokuhlanza, usengalahlekelwa amanzi amaningi emzimbeni wakho bese uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, phuza uketshezi oluningi njengamanzi nejusi.
• Hamba ngezinyawo noma wenze ukuzivocavoca: Yenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, ukubhukuda, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili. Uma sizivocavoca, ubuchopho bethu bukhipha ama-hormone abizwa ngokuthi ama-endorphin. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu, ukucindezeleka, nokudabuka. Ukukhishwa kwama-endorphin amaningi kunganciphisa ubuhlungu, ukucindezeleka, futhi kuthuthukise isimo sengqondo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma welashwa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa i-opioid, uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma uma uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukusebenzisa ama-opioid futhi ngenxa yobunzima, thintana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma lezi zimpawu zokuhoxa kwe-opioid zivele ngokuzumayo, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Ngithathe umuthi njengoba ngitshelwe udokotela. Kungani nginalezi zimpawu zokuhoxa?
• Ingabe kuzodingeka ngithathe imithi yokwelapha lezi zimpawu?
• Ingabe ukubhekana nalezi zimpawu zokuhoxa kusho ukuthi nginenkinga yokusebenzisa i-opioid?
• Nginenkinga yokusebenzisa ama-opioid. Ngingakugwema kanjani ukusebenzisa ama-opioid futhi?

Mhlawumbe wathatha ama-opioid ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu futhi manje unenkinga yokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Noma mhlawumbe unesifo sokusebenzisa ama-opioid futhi udinga usizo. Uyazi ukuthi lezi zimpawu zokuhoxa zingaba nzima kangakanani. Ukuthola ukwelashwa kwalokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uphathe ubuhlungu bakho, uphathe isimo sakho sengqondo, futhi uhlale kude nama-opioid. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa ama-opioid ngasiphi isizathu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokugwema ukuhoxa kwama-opioid, okungenzeka uma uyeka ukuwathatha.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho ake sikukhumbuze izinto ezimbalwa esixoxe ngazo esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe.

Nakuba ama-opioid engabasizi abanamandla bokudambisa izinhlungu, angaba umlutha. Izimpawu zokuhoxa ezenzeka uma uyeka ukuzithatha ngokuzumayo zingaba zimbi kakhulu, kodwa azisongeli impilo. Ungesabi ukuhlupheka wedwa.Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela bese ucela ukwelashwa kwesayensi. Khumbula, ukucela usizo akusikho ubuthakathaka, kungamandla. Ungadlula kulolu hambo.

i- opioid, i-opiate, ukuhoxa, umlutha, ukwelashwa, izimpawu, umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu