Uyazi ngezitho zokwenziwa kanye nezisekeli? Ngubani udokotela wamazinyo kanye nodokotela wezitho zokwenziwa?

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngabantu ababili ababaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wethu wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kodwa mhlawumbe asikazwa okuningi ngabo. Babizwa ngokuthi oDokotela bama-Orthotic kanye noDokotela bama-Prosthetist. Ungase uzibuze ukuthi bangobani laba bantu nokuthi benzani. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Ubani uDokotela Wamathambo?

Cabanga ukuthi ingalo yakho, umlenze, noma enye ingxenye yomzimba wakho ayisebenzi kahle, noma ukuthi idinga ukwesekwa. Yilapho-ke sidinga khona usizo lwalo muntu obizwa ngokuthi i-orthotist. Kalula nje, i-orthotist ingumhlinzeki wezempilo owenza futhi afake amadivayisi akhethekile, noma ama-orthotics, asiza ukusekela nokuvikela uhlelo lwethu lwemisipha nemisipha. Lawa ma-orthoses afaka izinto ezifana nama-braces , ama-splint , kanye nezicathulo ezikhethekile ze-orthotic . Lokhu kungazinzisa izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wethu, kuzilungise, kushintshe indlela isisindo esisatshalaliswa ngayo, noma kunciphise ukunyakaza okungadingekile. Uma ukhubazekile ngokomzimba noma ulimele, i-orthotist ingakuhlola futhi yakhe i-orthosis yangokwezifiso ukuze ilingane nayo.

Yiziphi izimo eziphathwa udokotela wamazinyo?

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wamazinyo. Ungacela usizo kudokotela wamazinyo uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukulimala kwesistimu yemisipha: Cabanga ngethambo eliphukile noma ukuklwebheka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ama-orthotics angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukunyakaza, ekuqiniseni, nasekuvikeleni indawo elimele ngenkathi iphola. Angasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ingcindezi ekulimaleni.
• Ukukhubazeka kwesistimu yemisipha: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -scoliosis ( ukugoba komgogodla), i-hip dysplasia (ukukhubazeka kwethambo lesinqe), noma ukukhubazeka kwezinyawo njengezinyawo ezisicaba noma i-clubfoot (izinyawo ezikhubazekile). Lawa ma-orthoses angasiza ekulungiseni lokhu kukhubazeka noma ekuvimbeleni ukuthi kube kubi kakhulu.
• Isifo sezinzwa nemisipha esibangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye/noma ukuqina kwemisipha (ukuqaqamba kwemisipha): Njengezimo ezifana ne -cerebral palsy noma i-stroke , lawa madivayisi e-orthotic anganikeza ukwesekwa ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka futhi anciphise imiphumela yokuqina kwemisipha.
• Isimo sobuhlungu obungapheli esithinta uhlelo lwakho lwemisipha: isibonelo , isifo samathambo ,Izinto ezifana ne-carpal tunnel syndrome, noma ukulimala okungapheli. Lawa ma-orthose angasusa isisindo endaweni ebuhlungu bese esithumela kwenye indawo.

Ngakho-ke ngubani uchwepheshe wezitho zokufakelwa?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi ungubani udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa. Udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa unguchwepheshe owenza futhi afake izingxenye zezitho zokufakelwa (izitho zokufakelwa) ukuze athathe indawo yezingxenye zomzimba wethu ezingekho. Cabanga ukuthi othile akanayo ingalo, umlenze, isandla, unyawo, noma umunwe. Esimweni esinjalo, udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa angakha ingalo noma umlenze wezitho zokufakelwa ofanelana nawe, ofanelana nezidingo zakho, futhi obukeka kahle. Akukhona lokho kuphela, futhi uyakusiza ukuthi ujwayele, uwulungise, futhi uwulungise njengoba kudingeka.

Yiziphi izimo ezelashwa yi-prosthetist?

Udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa usiza kakhulu abantu abalahlekelwe yizitho zomzimba kanye nokukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba. Ungabonana nodokotela wezitho zokufakelwa uma unalokhu:

• Unesimo sokuzalwa (isici sokuzalwa) kwesinye sezingalo noma imilenze yakho.
• Uma ingalo noma umlenze unqunyiwe .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kodokotela wamazinyo nodokotela wezitho zokufakelwa?

Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kodokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bamazinyo. Ngezinye izikhathi umuntu ofanayo wenza kokubili. Abanye bangochwepheshe endaweni eyodwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, bobabili basebenza ngobuchwepheshe obusebenza nohlelo lwethu lwemisipha nemisipha . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amadivayisi abawenzayo asiza ekushintsheni noma ekuthuthukiseni indlela imizimba yethu esebenza ngayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi benza i-brace yamadolo noma i-prosthetic knee, basebenzisa izimiso ezifanayo ze-biomechanical .

Kalula nje, odokotela bezitho zokufakelwa bakha izingxenye zezitho zokufakelwa ukuze bathathe indawo yezingxenye ezingekho noma ezingalungile zesimiso sethu samathambo. Uma wazalwa ungenalo umlenze osebenzayo, noma uma unqunywe umlenze, cishe kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, odokotela bamazinyo belapha abantu abaningi abanezinhlungu noma izinkinga zemisipha. Basiza abantu ngokudala izixazululo ezibavumela ukuthi bahlale, bame, futhi bahambe ngokunethezeka nangokuphepha.

Ingabe odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa bayaya ezikoleni zezokwelapha?

Cha. Odokotela bamathambo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa bangochwepheshe bezempilo abahlangene.Abanye bawela esigabeni sezinsizakusebenza. Laba bafana nabahlinzeki bezempilo abakhethekile abasiza odokotela nabahlengikazi, benezela ukunakekelwa kwabo kwezokwelapha. Abayi esikoleni sezokwelapha, kodwa banemfundo ekhethekile kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokuhlala emkhakheni wabo. Bathola iziqu ze-Master's ku-Orthotics and Prosthetics.

Yini efundwa odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa?

Udokotela wamazinyo noma uchwepheshe wezitho zokufakelwa kumele abe nolwazi oluningi ngezihloko eziningi zesayensi. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-Anatomy: Ucwaningo lokuthi zonke izingxenye zesistimu yethu yemisipha zixhumene kanjani.
• I-Biomechanics: Ucwaningo lokuthi amandla emishini asebenza kanjani ngaphakathi kwesimiso sethu semisipha.
• I-Kinesiology: Isayensi yokunyakaza nokuthi ithinta kanjani imizimba yethu.
• I-Pathology: Ucwaningo lokuthi izimo ezizelaphayo zivela futhi zithuthuke kanjani.
• Ubunjiniyela: Ubuciko bokwenza amadivayisi angasebenzisa amandla ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
• Ukuklama nokukhiqiza: Inqubo yokwenza la madivayisi, kungaba kusetshenziswa amathuluzi ezandla noma amakhompyutha.

Yimaphi amakhono okufanele abe nawo udokotela wamazinyo kanye nodokotela wezitho zokufakelwa?

Ukuze ube udokotela wamazinyo noma isazi sezitho zokufakelwa esihle, udinga ukuba nalawa makhono:

• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: Kudingeka bakwazi ukuhlola ngokunembile ukusebenza komzimba womuntu ngamunye abamphathayo, ukuthi yini ebangela ukungakhululeki kwabo, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngakho.
• Amakhono okusebenzisana nabantu: Kumelwe babe ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abanekhono abangakwazi ukuxhumana kahle nalabo ababaphathayo, basebenzisane nabanakekeli babo, futhi basebenze nabanye abahlinzeki bezempilo.
• Ubuchwepheshe Bezandla: Odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa basebenza ngezandla zabo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi badinga ukuba nobuchule obuhle bezandla ukuze bakhe amadivayisi enziwe ngokunemba afanelana kahle nomzimba wakho. Badinga futhi ukukwazi ukuwalungisa nokuwalungisa.
• Amakhono okuxazulula izinkinga: Ukuthola ikhambi elifanele le-orthotic noma le-prosthetic ngezinye izikhathi kungaba inqubo. Uma kukhona inkinga, udokotela wamazinyo noma i-prosthetist uzoyilungisa bese ezama futhi.

Ingabe odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa bangochwepheshe bezokwelapha?

Yebo, impela. Bobabili odokotela bamazinyo kanye nodokotela bama-prosthetist basebenza ngqo nabantu ababaphathayo endaweni yokwelapha. Bahlola isimo sakho mathupha, baxoxe ngezidingo zakho kanye nemigomo yakho, futhi bathathe izilinganiso kanye nezinhlobo zomzimba wakho lapho beklama i-orthosis noma i-prosthesis yakho. Baqondisa ukwenziwa nokufakwa kwedivayisi yakho, futhi bakufundisa ukuthi uyisebenzisa kanjani. Baphinde bahlole ukuthi isebenza kanjani.

Nakuba abanye abantu bangase badinge usizo lodokotela wamazinyo okwesikhashana, abantu abaningi abanezimo ezingamahlalakhona bangadinga ukunakekelwa kwamathambo impilo yabo yonke. Ngokufanayo, abantu abaphila ne-prosthesis bangadinga ukunakekelwa kodokotela wamazinyo impilo yabo yonke. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela bamazinyo nabachwepheshe bamazinyo ukwakha ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nabantu ababaphathayo. Bangakwazi ukwazi izinkinga zakho zomzimba nezidingo zakho ezingeni lomuntu siqu.

Odokotela bamathambo kanye nodokotela bezitho zokufakelwa bangochwepheshe bezempilo abangochwepheshe ekwenzeni amadivayisi agqokwayo ukwelapha izimo zesimiso semisipha nemisipha. Ngokuqonda indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo, bangasebenzisana nomzimba wakho ukudala izixazululo ezenzelwe wena ezisiza ukuthi usebenze kangcono kuwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga ukugqoka i-orthosis noma i-prosthesis, ukwakheka okuhle nokulingana kungenza umehluko omkhulu kwikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ake sixoxe ngezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Udokotela wamazinyo ngumuntu owenza amadivayisi okulungisa amalunga, njengezibambo kanye nama-splint, asiza ukusekela, ukuzinzisa, noma ukulawula ukunyakaza kwengxenye yomzimba wakho.
• Udokotela wezitho zokufakelwa ngumuntu owenza izingxenye zokwenziwa (izitho zokufakelwa) ukuze athathe indawo yesitho somzimba esilahlekile, njengengalo noma umlenze.
• Laba ababili ababona odokotela, kodwa bangochwepheshe bezempilo ababaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezempilo. Banemfundo ekhethekile kulo mkhakha.
• Uma unethambo eliphukile, inkinga yomgogodla, ubuhlungu be-arthritis, ukukhubazeka okuzalwa nakho, noma ukulahlekelwa umlenze, usizo lwalaba bantu lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe.
• I-orthotic noma i-prosthesis efakwe kahle, eyenziwe kahle ingakulethela induduzo enkulu kanye nokulula empilweni yakho. Ngakho-ke, uma kuphakama isidingo, ungesabi ukubona uchwepheshe onjengalona. Bakhona ukuzokusiza.

Udokotela Wamathambo, Udokotela Wezitho Zokufakelwa, Izitho Zokwenziwa, Amadivayisi Okusiza, Isistimu Yamathambo, Ochwepheshe Bezempilo Abahlangene, Ukuvuselelwa Komzimba