Ingabe ingane yakho iyakuthanda ukudlala imidlalo? Noma ingabe iseminyakeni lapho ingagijima khona idlale? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi isho izinto ezinjengokuthi, "Mama, idolo lami libuhlungu," noma "Angikwazi ukugoba indololwane yami?" Esikhathini esiningi, simane sikhohlwe ngakho, sicabanga ukuthi kumane nje kuwukulimala okuncane. Kodwa uma lolu hlobo lobuhlungu bamalunga luqhubeka, lungabangelwa yisimo esingakazwanga kakhulu ngaso, i-Osteochondritis Dissecans, noma i-OCD ngamafuphi. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.
Kuyini i-Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)?
Kalula nje, i-Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) yisimo esithinta amalunga ethu, noma amalunga e-synovial. Sivame kakhulu ezinganeni, entsheni, kanye nakubantu abadala abasebasha.
Uyazi, ilunga yilapho amathambo amabili emzimbeni wethu ehlangana khona. Ku-OCD, ukutholakala kwegazi ekugcineni kwelinye lala mathambo esilunganeni kuyanqanyulwa. Njengoba nje igatsha lomuthi loma futhi liba buthakathaka uma lingatholi amanzi, uma lingatholi igazi, leyo ngxenye yethambo nayo iyathamba futhi ibe buthakathaka.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ngxenye yethambo ebuthakathaka iyafa bese ihlukana nethambo eliyinhloko. Ngezinye izikhathi, kanye nale ngxenye yethambo, ingcezu ye-cartilage (izicubu ezibushelelezi ezimboza imikhawulo yamathambo) eyizungezile nayo iyaphuma. Kusala uphawu oluncane olufana nenxeba (isilonda) lapho ithambo ne-cartilage kuphume khona.
Manje kwenzekani kule ngcezu encane yethambo ekhululiwe? Ngezinye izikhathi ingahlala lapho ikhululeke khona. Noma, ingantanta ngaphakathi kwelunga. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ilunga liyaba lingazinzi, futhi lingaqala ukubuhlungu. Okumangazayo ukuthi lesi simo singathatha izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka, ukuba sikhule, ngakho-ke ungase ungaboni zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala.
I-OCD ivame ukuthinta amalunga alandelayo:
- Amadolo (avame ukubonakala emadolweni)
- Izindololwane
- Iqakala
- Amahlombe
- Amathambo enqulu
Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sivame ukubonakala edolweni, engxenyeni engezansi, engaphakathi yethambo lethanga (i-femur). Ngokwezokwelapha, sibizwa ngokuthi "i-medial femoral condyle".
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-OCD.
Odokotela bahlukanisa i-OCD ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko, futhi kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwe-OCD | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo ze-Osteochondritis ezingavamile | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Luvela esilungwini esisodwa kuphela. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukuthola imbangela ethile yalokhu. Okusho ukuthi, yisimo esenzeka ngokungahleliwe. |
| Izifo Zomndeni Ze-Osteochondritis | Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Njengoba igama lisho, lesi yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye. Singadluliselwa kusuka kubazali kuya ezinganeni. Umuntu onalolu hlobo angaba namalunga amaningi athintekile kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe. Avame nokuba mafushane futhi abe nengozi enkulu yokuthola i-osteoarthritis (ukuphelelwa amandla kwamalunga) esemncane kunokujwayelekile. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-OCD?
Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ikakhulukazi uma ithambo eliphukile lihlala endaweni eyodwa lingahambi, ungase ungazizwa ubuhlungu.
Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ungase ubhekane nezinto ezifana nalezi:
- Ubuhlungu bamalunga: Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko.
- Ubuthakathaka: Ilunga lizizwa lingaphili.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ilunga libonakala livuvukile.
- Ukuqina: Umuzwa wokungakwazi ukugoba noma ukuqondisa ilunga kalula.
- Ukuhamba okulinganiselwe: Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ngokugcwele ilunga ngendlela evamile.
- Ukuzwa umsindo 'wokuchofoza': Ukuzwa umsindo 'wokuchofoza' lapho ushukumisa ijoyinti.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi ilunga alizinzile: Ilunga lizizwa sengathi 'liyagxuma' lingalawuleki, noma sengathi alinamandla.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zimpawu ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu njengoba ingxenye yethambo ekhululekile ithuthela kwezinye izindawo ngaphakathi kwelunga bese inamathela. Futhi, lobu buhlungu nezinye izimpawu zingakhula uma udlala imidlalo, uvivinya umzimba, noma wenza umsebenzi obeka isisindo elunganeni.
Ziyini izimbangela ze-OCD?
Odokotela basacwaninga nge-OCD engavamile. Akukho sizathu esisodwa esitholakele. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi lesi simo sivamile phakathi kwabadlali, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe esithweni samalunga kuyimbangela enkulu.
Cabanga ngomdlali wekhilikithi ebhowula njalo futhi ethola imivimbo emincane endololwaneni yakhe. Noma umdlali webhasikidi egxuma njalo futhi ethola imivimbo emincane edolweni lakhe. Nakuba kungase kungabi ukulimala okukhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, le mivimbo emincane inganqwabelana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi yonakalise ilunga. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ama-microtrauma.Ukulimala okuncane okunjalo kungabangelwa imisebenzi efana nokugijima, ukugxuma, nokuphonsa okuthile.
I-OCD yomndeni ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Ngokukhethekile, ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okubizwa ngokuthi i-'ACAN'. Le gene ye-'ACAN' iyala umzimba wethu ukuthi ukhiqize iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-'aggrecan', esetshenziselwa ukwakha i-cartilage. Ngenxa yokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, le phrotheni ye-'aggrecan' yakha i-cartilage kabi noma ngokungajwayelekile. Yingakho lesi simo senzeka.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba ne-OCD, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kweyi-10 nengama-20: Leli qembu leminyaka lithinteka kakhulu.
- Abesilisa: Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane.
- Abasubathi: Labo abahlanganyela emidlalweni eyahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi labo abadlala imidlalo ebeka ingcindezi enkulu emalungeni, basengozini enkulu.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho (abazali, izingane zakini) ene-OCD, nawe usengozini yokuba nayo.
Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Uma i-OCD ingelashwa kahle, izimpawu zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekugcineni, ungase ube nobuhlungu obungapheli noma i-osteoarthritis . Abantu abane-OCD yomndeni basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-osteoarthritis kusenesikhathi kakhulu kuneminyaka evamile (cishe iminyaka engu-50). Ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Uzokubuza izinto ezifana nokuthi ubuhlungu buqale nini, isikhathi sosuku, nokuthi ubuhlungu bufika yini ngemva komsebenzi othile.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ilunga elithintekile liyahlolwa. Ububanzi bokunyakaza buyalinganiswa futhi buqhathaniswe nelunga eliphilile.
Okulandelayo, bangase ba-ode ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-X-ray noma i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi une-OCD yomndeni, bangase bakuthumelele ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze bakuqinisekise.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko yokwelapha i-OCD. Eyokuqala ukusiza amalunga ukuba alulame. Eyokuqala ukubuyisela igazi ethanjeni elithintekile. Izindlela zokwelapha zingahlukaniswa zibe ezingezona ezokuhlinzwa kanye nezingezokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa
Ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abasha, lokhu kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha enconywa odokotela.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphumula | Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphulukisa ukuyeka ukucindezela ilunga. Kungase kudingeke uyeke ukudlala imidlalo, ukugijima, noma ukugxuma inyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili. |
| Imithi | Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, njenge -NSAID (imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal) , ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Kodwa khumbula, ungaphuzi imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njalo izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. |
| Ukungasebenzi kahle kwejoyinti | Kungadingeka ugqoke i-brace, i-splint, noma i-cast ukuze ugcine ijoyinti lisendaweni yalo lize liphole. Uma idolo noma iqakala lakho lithintekile, ungase utshelwe ukuthi usebenzise izinduku zokusibekela ukuze wehlise isisindo kulo. |
| Ukwelashwa Komzimba | Udokotela wezokwelapha uzokusiza ukuqinisa imisipha ezungeze ilunga futhi akufundise ukuzivocavoca kanye nokulula ukuze ubuyisele ukunyakaza elunganeni. |
Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka?
Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima ngemva kwezinyanga eziningana zokwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo angenza into efana nale:
- Kwenziwa imbobo encane kakhulu ethanjeni nase-cartilage ethintekile. Lokhu kukhuthaza umzimba ukuthi unikeze igazi elisha endaweni, bese liphola ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlanganisa kabusha izingcezu zamathambo ne-cartilage ezihlukanisiwe kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane nezikulufo.
- Ukufaka esikhundleni sezicubu ezonakele ngethambo elifakwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho noma i-graft evela kumnikeli ohambisanayo.
Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingayo luzoncika ekutheni i-OCD ikuphi, umonakalo ungakanani, nokuthi ingxenye ekhululekile isihambe ibanga elingakanani. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Ingabe lokhu kuzoziphilisa ngokwakho?
Lona umbuzo omuhle. Ngenxa yokuthi amathambo ezingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abane-osteochondritis dissecans asakhula, lesi simo cishe sizozixazulula ngokwaso ngokuphumula nesikhathi.
Kodwa, ungazifaki engozini ngamalunga engane yakho ngoba nje ebuhlungu. Uma ingane yakho inobuhlungu bamalunga isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, ungalindi nje unethemba lokuthi buzolulama ngokwayo. Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela.
Ngoba uma udokotela esheshe athole lesi simo futhi aqale ukwelashwa, ingozi yezinkinga esikhathini esizayo iyancipha.
Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba ngcono? Ingabe kuzothinta ikusasa?
Kuthatha abantu abaningi izinyanga eziningana ukuthi balulame ngokugcwele. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo nemisebenzi ongayenza nongayenzi ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.
Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kuzodingeka wenze ukwelashwa ngokomzimba izinyanga eziningana ukuze uthole amandla alahlekile kanye nokuhamba.
Ngokuphathelene nekusasa lezingane nentsha, imiphumela yesikhathi eside ayivamile ukwenzeka ngemva kokwelashwa okufanele. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamalunga esikhathini esizayo, kungadingeka ukushintsha umdlalo noma ukuyeka ukunyakaza okuthile okuphindaphindiwe. Isibonelo, ingane ene-OCD endololwaneni ingase ikwazi ukudlala ikhilikithi futhi ngemva kokululama, kodwa ingase yelulekwe ukuba iyeke ukuphonsa ibhola.
Abantu abadala basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-osteoarthritis esithweni esithintekile futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi badinge ukuhlinzwa.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninobuhlungu bamalunga obuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
Futhi, uma unesihlungu esikuvimbela ukuthi ushukumise ilunga noma uma ubuhlungu obukhulu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) yisimo esibangelwa ukuntuleka kwegazi ethanjeni eliselungeni. Sivame kakhulu ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha abadlala imidlalo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokuqina kwamalunga afana namadolo, izindololwane, kanye namaqakala.
- Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu ukuphumula. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukucindezela ilunga elithintekile.
- Uma ingane iqhubeka nokukhononda ngobuhlungu bamalunga, ungabuthathi njengento “ebangela ubuhlungu bokukhula.” Qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ngokuhlonzwa ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, izingane eziningi zingalulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela yesikhathi eside.
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