Ake sifunde nge-pancreas - isisebenzi esithule somzimba wethu.

Sonke sikhuluma ngezinye zezitho zomzimba wethu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Sihlala sicabanga ngezinto ezifana nenhliziyo, amaphaphu, nezinso. Kodwa kukhona esinye esiswini sethu, esifihliwe kancane, esenza umsebenzi omningi obaluleke kakhulu. Leso yi-pancreas. Mhlawumbe awukaze uzwe leli gama kakhulu, noma uzwe nje ukuthi lihlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela. Kodwa empeleni, leli pancreas liyisisebenzi esithule kodwa esibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sifunde ngalesi sisebenzi esithule kalula, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.

Iyini ngempela i-pancreas?

Kalula nje, i-pancreas iyindlala enkulu etholakala ngemuva kwesisu sethu, phambi komgogodla wethu. Iyingxenye yesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla, kanye nesistimu yethu ye-endocrine. Cabanga ngayo njengezimboni ezimbili ezisebenza ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa. Lezi zimboni ezimbili zikhiqiza izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo.

1. Ama-enzyme: Lena yingxenye yesimiso sokugaya ukudla ekhiqiza amakhemikhali akhethekile (ama-enzyme) asiza ekugayeni ukudla esikudlayo futhi akugaye ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukumunca izakhamzimba.

2. Ama-hormone alawula amazinga kashukela egazini: Lena yingxenye yesistimu yama-hormone. Yilapha lapho kwenziwa khona ama-hormone amabili abaluleke kakhulu , i-insulin ne -glucagon, asiza ukugcina inani likashukela egazini lethu lisezingeni elifanele.

Ake sibheke imisebenzi emibili eyinhloko ye-pancreas ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Manje ake sixoxe kabanzi ngomsebenzi walezo zimboni ezimbili. Uma usuqonda lokhu, uzoqonda ngokugcwele inani le-pancreas.

1. Kusiza ekugayeni ukudla okugayiwe

Ake uzicabange udla irayisi elimnandi. Ngemva kwalokho ukudla kungena esiswini sakho, ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla kukho, kudingeka kugaywe kahle futhi kuhlukaniswe kube yizinhlayiya ezincane. Yilapho i-pancreas isiza khona.

I-pancreas ikhiqiza phakathi kwamalitha angu-1 no-4 ejusi elicebile ngama-enzyme ngosuku. Leli nani liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi udla ukudla okungakanani. Nansi indlela esebenza ngayo:

• Ngemva kokudla, ukudla kungena esiswini.
• Okulandelayo, kusukela esiswini, ukudla kungena e-duodenum, ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancane.
• Ngalesi sikhathi, i-pancreas ithumela ijusi le-enzyme elilenzile ngemigudu emincane iye emgudwini oyinhloko we-pancreas.
• Lo msele oyinhloko uhlangana nomsele we-bile, othwala i-bile esibindini sethu.
• Ekugcineni, lawa majusi e-pancreatic kanye ne-bile kuyahlangana bese kungena e-duodenum, lapho kuqala khona ukuphula nokugaya kahle amaprotheni, amafutha, kanye nama-carbohydrate ekudleni esikudlayo.

Ngaphandle kwale nqubo, asikwazi ukugaya ukudla noma ukuthola izakhamzimba kukho.

2. Ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni kanye nokulawulwa koshukela egazini

Lona omunye umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu we-pancreas. Wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu adinga amandla ukuze asebenze. Lawo mandla avela ku-glucose, okungushukela nje. Kodwa inani likashukela egazini akufanele lande noma linciphe. Kufanele ligcinwe lisezingeni elifanele.

Yilapho-ke ama-hormone amabili i-insulin ne -glucagon kusiza khona.

• Uma ushukela egazini ukhuphuka: Uma sidla ukudla okumnandi, izinga lethu likashukela egazini liyakhuphuka. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin bese eyikhipha egazini. I-insulin ithatha ushukela omningi bese iwufaka emaseli omzimba, iwasize akhiqize amandla. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinga likashukela egazini libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
• Uma ushukela wakho wegazi wehla: Uma sihlala isikhathi eside singadli, amazinga ethu kashukela egazini angase ehle. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-pancreas ikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-glucagon. I-Glucagon ikhipha ushukela (glycogen) ogcinwe esibindini sethu ubuyele egazini, okwenza amazinga ethu kashukela egazini abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.

Kuphela uma lokhu kulinganisela kulungile lapho izitho zethu ezinkulu njengenhliziyo yethu, isibindi, izinso, nobuchopho zisebenza kahle.

Isimo kanye nezingxenye ze-pancreas

I-pancreas ingamasentimitha angu-6 ubude, okucishe kube ubude bengalo yakho. Ibunjwe njengepheya kancane. Esinye isiphelo sikhuluphele, esinye isiphelo sincane. Ingaphandle linamaqhubu, njenge-corn cob. Inesisindo esingamagremu angu-90, cishe ngobukhulu bedekhi yamakhadi.

I-pancreas ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko.

Yiziphi izifo ezingathinta ama-pancreas?

Uma i-pancreas ingasebenzi kahle, izifo ezahlukahlukene zingavela. Ezinye zalezi zingaba yizinto ozaziyo kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonisa inkinga ye-pancreatic?

I-pancreatitis ingadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini esingaphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi busakazekela emhlane
• Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
• Umbono ofiphele
• Umchamo onombala omnyama noma indle enamafutha enombala okhanyayo
• Ukukhathala
• Ukoma ngokweqile noma isidingo sokuchama njalo
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zomzimba
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Ukuphuzi kwamehlo nesikhumba (i-Jaundice)

Ungayihlola kanjani impilo ye-pancreas?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-pancreas itholakala ekujuleni kwesisu sethu, kunzima kudokotela ukubona ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngokuyithinta nje. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kwenziwe izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuze kutholakale isimo sayo esiqondile.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana namazinga e-enzyme ye-pancreatic kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• I-Ultrasound Yesisu: Ukuthola nokuhlola izithombe zezitho zesisu.
• I-CT Scan: Isithombe somzimba esihlukaniswe izingxenye ukuze kuhlolwe amanyikwe nezitho ezizungezile.
• I-MRI scan: Isebenzisa insimu yamagnetic ukuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane.
• I-Endoscopic Ultrasound: Ukuhlolwa okuseduze kwe-pancreas kusetshenziswa ithubhu elincane elifakwe ikhamera (i-endoscope) elifakwe ngomlomo.
• I-ERCP noma i-MRCP: Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokufuna izinto ezifana nokuvinjelwa kwama-pancreas kanye ne-bile ducts.
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle: Ukuhlola ukuthi i-pancreas ikhiqiza ama-enzyme okugaya anele yini.

Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuthathwe isampula (i-biopsy) ye-pancreas ukuze ihlolwe.

Izinto esingazenza ukugcina ama-pancreas ephilile

Kungumthwalo wethu ukunakekela kahle lesi sisebenzi sethu esithule. Izinguquko ezimbalwa ezilula zendlela yokuphila zinganciphisa ingozi yezifo ze-pancreatic.

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Ukulawula isisindo sakho nokuzivocavoca njalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni amatshe enyongo, okungaholela kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye ne-pancreatitis.
• Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha: Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kungaholela ematshe enyongo kanye nengozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ngakho-ke, namathela ekudleni okunempilo nokulinganiselayo .
• Lawula ukuphuza kwakho utshwala: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kuyimbangela enkulu ye-pancreatitis kanye nomdlavuza we-pancreatic. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa noma ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala .
• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukusebenzisa ugwayi, okuhlanganisa nokubhema ugwayi, kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye ne-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona.
• Thola ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Ngokubona udokotela wakho njalo nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, ungakwazi ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zezifo ze-pancreatic.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-pancreas?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-pancreas. Kodwa akulula. Uma i-pancreas isuswa ngokuhlinzwa (i-pancreatectomy), kuzodingeka uthathe amaphilisi e-enzyme ukusiza ekugayeni ukudla kanye nemijovo ye-insulin ukulawula ushukela wegazi lakho impilo yakho yonke. I-pancreas yonke ivame ukususwa ezimweni zomdlavuza we-pancreas, ingozi enkulu ye-pancreas, noma i-pancreatitis enzima.

Ngakho-ke, manje usuyaqonda ukuthi i-pancreas iyigugu futhi ibaluleke kangakanani emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, yinakekele futhi uphile impilo enempilo. Khona-ke isisebenzi sethu esithule sizokwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yaso ngaphandle kwezinkinga.