Ingabe nawe unama-cyst e-pancreatic? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe!

Mhlawumbe ube ne-'Scan' ngesinye isizathu, njenge-'CT' (Computed Tomography) noma i-'MRI' (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), kanti udokotela ukutshele ukuthi une-cyst encane ku-pancreas yakho? Uma uzwa into efana naleyo, ungazizwa usaba futhi ukhathazekile ngokuzumayo, akunjalo? Imibuzo eminingi efana nokuthi "Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kuyingozi?" iphakama engqondweni yakho. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngala ma-cyst ku-pancreas ngokucacile nangokulula.

Iyini i-cyst ye-pancreatic?

Kalula nje, i-pancreatic cyst iyisikhwama esincane esigcwele uketshezi noma i-bubble eyakheka ngaphakathi kwe-pancreas yakho, noma ngezinye izikhathi ebusweni bayo. Cabanga ngayo njengebhaluni elincane lamanzi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-cyst, ahlukaniswa ngokwezinto zeseli ezenziwe ngazo. Ezinye izinhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-neoplastic. Ama-Neoplastic asho ukuthi amanye awo anamandla okuba nomdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezinye izinhlobo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-nonneoplastic. Lawa ma-nonneoplastic cyst awathuthuki abe umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Kusho ukuthini ukuba nesimila se-pancreatic?

Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, "Kulungile, kusho ukuthini ngempela lokho uma nginenye yalezi?" Nakuba amanye ama-cyst e-pancreatic angase abonakale ehlobene nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pancreatitis, isikhathi esiningi akhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, cishe ngengozi. Into ebalulekile ukuthi, ama-cyst amaningi e-pancreatic awakubangeli izinkinga. Angaba khona nje.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, uhlobo lwesimila olubizwa ngokuthi `i-neoplastic' lungaba ukuqala komdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ikakhulukazi uma othile emndenini wakho, okungukuthi, umama wakho, ubaba wakho, abafowethu nodadewethu, eke waba nomdlavuza we-pancreatic, le ngozi iphakeme kancane kuneyabanye. Kodwa akuvamile kuwo wonke umuntu.

Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngesimila se-pancreatic?

Lona ngumbuzo omkhulu abantu abaningi abanawo. Uma udokotela wakho ebona i-pancreatic cyst ku-imaging scan, njenge-CT noma i-MRI, uzoyibeka ngokushesha njengengozi ephansi, ephakathi, noma ephezulu . Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-cyst ebonwe ku-scan (njengosayizi wayo nesimo sayo) nokuthi ngabe unazo yini izimpawu ezihlobene nayo.

Uma isimila siwela esigabeni "sengozi ephansi", cishe akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ezimweni eziningi, akukho lutho olungenziwa.

Uma ingozi "iphakathi nendawo" noma "iphezulu", odokotela bazokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo ngokweziqondiso zabo zezokwelapha.

Esikhathini esiningi, izimila ze-pancreatic zigcinwa nje ngaphansi 'kokubhekwa'. Ukubhekwa kusho ukuthi odokotela baziskena ngezikhathi ezithile, bebuza, "Ingabe lesi simila siyakhula? Ingabe siyashintsha isimo? Ingabe kukhona okusha?" Uma isimila esinobungozi obuphansi sishintsha sibe isimila esinobungozi obuphakathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwenziwa 'i-biopsy' ukuze kutholakale okwengeziwe ngaso. I-'biopsy' yenziwa ngokufaka into efana nenaliti encane, kuthathwe ucezu oluncane kakhulu lwesimila bese sihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ngaleyo ndlela, uhlobo oluqondile lwamaseli akuso lungatholakala. Uma isimila esinobungozi obuphakathi sishintsha sibe isimila esinobungozi obuphezulu, okusho ukuthi sibonakala sinomdlavuza, odokotela bahlela ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ukuze basisuse.

Zivame kangakanani i-pancreatic cysts?

Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ama-cyst e-pancreatic atholakala ngengozi kubantu abangaba ngu-10% abahlolwa nge-CT scans (Computed Tomography scans) kanye ne-MRIs (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Avame ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezithombe okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu, njengezinkinga zesisu. Njengoba abantu abaningi benala ma-cyst futhi bengabonisi zimpawu, asazi kahle ukuthi bangaki abantu emhlabeni abangazi ukuthi banawo.

Yimaphi amaphesenti amathumba e-pancreatic aba umdlavuza?

Leli futhi iphuzu elibalulekile. Ngaphansi kuka-1% wama-cyst e-pancreatic empeleni aphenduka umdlavuza. Lokho kuyiphesenti elincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, cishe ama-cyst e-pancreatic angama-30% anamandla okuba umdlavuza. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-cyst angaphambi komdlavuza. Yingakho odokotela behlala bewafuna. Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Lawa ma-cyst angaphambi komdlavuza avame ukukhula abe makhulu kakhulu futhi ashintshe ngendlela eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuqapha njalo, okungukuthi, ngokuskena okuvamile, izinguquko zomdlavuza zingabonakala kusenesikhathi kakhulu enkambisweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-cysts e-pancreatic?

Lokhu kuchazwe kabanzi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezokwelapha. Kodwa ake sikugcine kulula. Kuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.

Ama-Neoplastic noma ama-Precancerous Cysts

Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi `ama-pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN).` Lezi yizinhlobo okudingeka sizibheke eduze. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ama-Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMNs): Lawa uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila esinamaqhubu. Akhula emgudwini we-pancreatic. Umgudwini we-pancreatic uyithubhu elincane elithwala ujusi wokugaya ukudla okhiqizwa yi-pancreas liye emathunjini. Uketshezi olungaphakathi kwala maqhubu luyingxube yejusi ye-pancreatic kanye nento ejiyile ebizwa ngokuthi i-mucin. I-Mucin iyingxenye ye-mucus. Le mucin ingabangela ukuthi umgudwini we-pancreatic uvuvuke futhi ube mkhulu.
• "Ama-Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms (ama-MCN)":Lezi azivamile njenge-'IPMN'. Zivame kakhulu ukuvela kwabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Zakha engxenyeni ephakathi ye-pancreas ('umzimba we-pancreas').
• `Ama-Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms (ama-SPN):` Lawa awavamile kakhulu. Anengxenye eqinile newuketshezi. Ngokuvamile akhula kwabesifazane abasebasha abaseminyakeni yabo yama-20 nama-30.
• Ama-Cystic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (PNETs): Ama-Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (abizwa nangokuthi ama-islet cell tumors) awuhlobo olungavamile lwesimila. Ngokuvamile ama-solid tumors, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angabonakala njengama-cysts.

Ama-cyst angewona umdlavuza (`Awekho ama-neoplastic` noma `Ama-Benign Cysts`)

Lokhu akubanga umdlavuza. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuzesaba kakhulu.

• Ama-Simple Cysts (noma ama-Retention Cysts): Lawa ama-cysts angenangozi akhula ngaphakathi kwe-pancreas, ahlukaniswe ne-pancreatic duct. Agcwele ungqimba olulodwa lwamaseli e-epithelial. Avame ukuvela ezinganeni ezincane.
• Ama-Serous Cystadenomas: Lawa futhi angamathumba avamile futhi angenangozi. Kodwa-ke, uma ekhula abe makhulu, ngezinye izikhathi angabangela izinkinga njengokucindezela izitho eziseduze. Kuleso simo, ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
• Ama-Cyst Angewona Ama-Mucinous Non-neoplastic: Lawa ama-cyst angenangozi, akhiqiza ama-mucin. Kodwa-ke, odokotela kudingeka bawahlole ngokucophelela ukuze bawahlukanise nezinhlobo zama-neoplastic, ezingaba umdlavuza.
• Ama-Lymphoepithelial Cysts: Lawa ama-tumors angavamile kakhulu, angenangozi. Avame ukubonwa kwabesilisa.

Inothi elibalulekile: Kukhona enye into ebizwa ngokuthi `ama-pseudocysts e-Pancreatic`. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bayawadidanisa nama-cyst angempela. Kodwa-ke, `i-pseudocyst` akuyona into entsha efana `nesimila`. Yisikhwama esigcwele uketshezi esakheka lapho amajusi e-pancreatic evuza e-pancreas ngenxa yokulimala kwe-pancreas (njenge `i-pancreatitis`). `Ama-pseudocysts` ayisimo esingenabungozi.

Ziyini izimpawu zesimila se-pancreatic?

Nansi into engase imangaze abantu abaningi: Iningi lezimila ze-pancreatic azibangeli zimpawu. Yebo, kuyiqiniso. Ungase ungaboni ngisho nesimila. Izimpawu ziqala ukuvela kuphela lapho isimila siba sikhulu ngokwanele ukuvimba noma ukucindezela i-pancreatic duct, i-biliary tract, noma isisu noma amathumbu (i-gastrointestinal (GI) tract). Uma lokho kwenzeka, izinto ezinjengalezi zingenzeka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu: Ubuhlungu buvame ukwenzeka esiswini esingaphezulu.
• Ubuhlungu bomhlane: Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu besisu bungasakazeka nasemhlane.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla:Ngilahlekelwa yiso sonke isifiso sokudla.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki: Ulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuzumayo yize ungadli ukudla noma ungazivocavoci.
• Ukuqunjelwa: Ukuzizwa ugcwele ngisho nangemva kokudla okuncane.
• Ukungagayeki kahle kokudla: Ukuzizwa sengathi ukudla akugayeki.
• Isicanucanu: Ukuzizwa sengathi uzohlanza.
• I-Jaundice: Okumhlophe kwamehlo nesikhumba kuba phuzi. Lokhu kwenzeka uma inyongo ingahambi kahle.
• Indle enombala okhanyayo, enamafutha (noma i-steatorrhea): Indle ishintsha umbala bese iba namafutha.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi kuneqhubu esiswini sakho: Uma isimila sikhulu kakhulu, singase sizwakale.

Yini ebangela ama-cysts e-pancreatic?

Ama-cyst e-pancreatic ayizimila ezingavamile zamaseli. Kalula nje, amaseli anoshintsho oluncane kuma-gene awo ('ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo') futhi aqala ukuhlukana ngendlela engavamile. Kodwa abacwaningi abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zenzeka. Bacabanga ukuthi kungaba yinhlanganisela yokuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas, nezinye izici zangaphandle, njengokuguga. Iphesenti elincane kakhulu lama-cyst lihlobene ngqo nezimo ezithile zofuzo.

Ezinye zezinkinga zofuzo ezingase zihlotshaniswe nama-cysts e-pancreatic zifaka:

• `Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau`
• Isifo sezinso se-Polycystic (inani elikhulu lama-cysts ezinso)
• 'I-Cystic fibrosis'

Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela umdlavuza we-pancreatic:

• Ukukhula ngeminyaka: Ingozi yokuthola ama-cyst e-pancreatic iyanda njengoba ukhula. Ngokusho kocwaningo, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yesine (25%) yabantu abaseminyakeni yabo-70 banawo.
• I-Pancreatitis: Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zihlotshaniswa ne-pancreatitis. Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zingabangela i-pancreatitis.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza we-pancreatic, noma uma unesifo esizuzwe njengefa esihambisana nezimila ze-pancreatic, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nezimila ze-pancreatic.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zezimila ze-pancreatic?

Izinkinga azivamile kakhulu, kodwa uma zenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• Ukuvinjelwa kwepayipi le-pancreatic:Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila ezibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-mucinous neoplasms' zingakhipha into ejiyile ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-mucin' emgudwini we-pancreatic. Umgudwini ungavuvukala, ugcwale, bese ugcina uvalekile. Lokhu kuvimbela ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla akhiqizwa yi-pancreas ukuthi adlule emgudwini aye emathunjini akho amancane. Ama-enzyme abe esebuyela e-pancreas, ewonakalise futhi abangele ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas (pancreatitis). Okwamanje, uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla alutholi ama-enzyme aludingayo ukuze lugaye ukudla.
• Ukuvaleka kwe-bile duct: Uma isimila esikhulu sicindezela i-bile duct, singavimba ukugeleza kwe-bile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-cholestasis. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-bile iqoqeke, okungalimaza i-bile duct nezinye izitho ezixhumene nayo (njengesibindi). I-bile ingaxubana negazi, okubangela izimpawu ezifana ne-jaundice.
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Uma isimila esikhulu sicindezela esiswini noma emathunjini akho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukahlukene zesisu, okuhlanganisa ubuhlungu besisu, ukungakhululeki, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukudla kungase kuyeke ngokuphelele ukuhamba ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla.
• Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, iphesenti elincane kakhulu lamathumba lingakhula libe umdlavuza. Ngokuvamile, aluhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-adenocarcinoma. Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic uhlobo lomdlavuza oluvame ukusabalala ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwuthola kusenesikhathi.

Ungayixilonga kanjani i-pancreatic tumor?

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini i-pancreatic cyst, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi ibukeka kanjani:

• I-Radiology: Amasu okuthwebula izithombe asezingeni eliphezulu, njenge-CT scans noma i-MRI scans, angabonisa ngokucacile izimila ze-pancreatic. Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila zingabonakala ku-scan. Kodwa ezinye zidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ziluhlobo luni noma ukuze kubonakale ukuthi zinamaseli omdlavuza yini. Kulezi zimo, odokotela kungadingeka bathathe isampula (i-biopsy) yesimila.
• I-Endoscopic Ultrasound / Ukufuthwa Kwenaliti Encane (EUS-FNA): Inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) ivumela udokotela ukuthi afake i-endoscope encane kakhulu, eguquguqukayo (ithubhu enekhamera kanye nedivayisi ye-ultrasound) ngomlomo nangaphakathi esiswini ukuze ifinyelele isimila se-pancreatic. I-ultrasound izobonisa ngqo ukuthi isimila sikuphi, bese kuthi inaliti encane (inaliti encane) idluliselwe nge-endoscope ukuze kususwe isampula encane yezicubu kanye noketshezi oluvela esimila. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-fine needle aspiration (FNA). Isampula bese ihlaziywa elabhorethri.
• Ukuhlaziywa koketshezi:Uketshezi lwe-cystic oluvela ku-FNA luhlaziywa elebhu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi luhlobo luni. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-cytology. Bafuna izinto ezifana ne-mucin. I-Mucin isiza ekuboneni ama-mucinous neoplasms. Bafuna nezimpawu zomdlavuza njenge-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). I-CEA iyiprotheni etholakala egazini, futhi amazinga ayo anganikeza izinkomba ezithile mayelana nokuba khona komdlavuza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izimila ze-pancreatic?

Ukwelashwa kwesimila se-pancreatic kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwesimila, ubukhulu baso, ukuthi sinophawu yini, kanye nengozi yaso yokuba nomdlavuza. Nazi izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha:

• Ukuqapha: Lokhu kusho ukungenzi lutho, kodwa ukuskena njalo nokubheka ukuthi isimila siyashintsha yini.
• `I-Biopsy`: Ukuthatha isampula yezicubu bese uyihlola ukuze kutholakale uhlobo oluqondile lwesimila.
• Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa: Uma isimila sibhekwa njengengozi noma sibangela izinkinga, sisuswa ngokuhlinzwa.

Ama-cyst amaningi aphathwa ngokuqapha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzoba nezithombe ezithwetshuliwe ngezikhathi ezithile (njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6, ngonyaka, noma ngaphezulu) ukuze uhlole i-cyst. Uma kukhona izinguquko ezisolisayo, kwenziwa i-EUS-FNA bese kuhlaziywa uketshezi. Uma imiphumela ikhombisa umdlavuza, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuthi uwususe, kuye ngokuthi usesimweni esihle yini sokuhlinzwa.

Ingabe izimila ze-pancreatic ziyaphela zodwa?

Ezinye izimila ezingenabungozi, ikakhulukazi ezincane, zingancipha zodwa, noma ngezinye izikhathi zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Kodwa izinhlobo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-neoplastic, ezingaba umdlavuza, azipheli zodwa. Esikhathini esiningi, ziyaqhubeka zikhula, kodwa kancane kakhulu. Odokotela baqapha ukukhula kwazo. Uma nje zihlala zincane, ngaphandle kokuba zikhule kakhulu noma zishintshe ngendlela esolisayo, odokotela abenzi lutho ngazo, bamane babukele.

Izimila ze-pancreatic zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani?

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimila ze-pancreatic zikhula ngesivinini esihlukile, kodwa ngokuvamile, zikhula kancane kakhulu. Uma isimila sikhula ngaphezu kwamamilimitha amathathu (3 mm) ngonyaka, odokotela bayasola kancane futhi banaka kakhulu. Uma isimila siqashwe ukuze kutholakale izinguquko, sihlolwa njalo ngonyaka, njalo eminyakeni emibili, noma ngezinye izikhathi njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, kuye ngokuthi sikhula ngokushesha kangakanani.

Kufanele kususwe nini ama-cyst e-pancreatic?

Amanye amathumba e-pancreatic kungadingeka asuswe uma ebangela izinkinga noma kusolwa ukuthi anomdlavuza. Kodwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kuyinqubo enkulu, enezingozi zayo kanye nemiphumela emibi. Yingakho odokotela becabangela ngokucophelela isimila ngasinye. Balandela iziqondiso zezokwelapha eziningiliziwe ukuze banqume ukuthi bazosihlinza nini futhi basisuse nini isimila.

Nazi ezinye zezinto abazicabangelayo:

• Usayizi: Amaqhubu amakhulu kunamasentimitha amathathu (3 cm), noma lawo abonakala ekhula ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile, kungadingeka ahlolwe ukuthi asengozini yomdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, yize amaqhubu amakhulu engenangozi, kungadingeka asuswe ngoba abangela ukungakhululeki noma aphazamisane nezinye izitho zomzimba.
• Uhlobo: Ezinye izinhlobo zezimila (isib., ama-MCN, amanye ama-IPMN) zisengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza. Udokotela angase atuse ukuthi zisuswe kusenesikhathi. Odokotela bazohlola ingozi yomdlavuza bese beyiqhathanisa nezingozi zokuhlinzwa, becabangela impilo yomuntu jikelele.
• Izimpawu ezibonakalayo: Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela babona izimpawu kuma-scan ezibonisa ukuthi isimila singaba nomdlavuza noma singakabi nomdlavuza. Isibonelo, ungase ubone ukuthi i-pancreatic duct yakho ikhulisiwe, okungasho ukuthi une-mucinous neoplasm ekhipha i-mucin emgudwini. Noma ungase ubone ukuthi isimila sinezingxenye eziqinile, okungasho ukuthi akuyona nje iqhubu eligcwele uketshezi, kodwa isimila esiqinile.
• Isimo sakho: Abanye abantu banezinye izimo zempilo (njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela) noma izici ezibalulekile, njengobudala, ezenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kube yingozi kakhulu kubo. Odokotela bazolinganisa lezi zici eziyingozi ngengozi yakho yomdlavuza ukuze benze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu.

Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa kokususa isimila se-pancreatic?

Uma udokotela wakho encoma ukususa isimila, kusho ukuthi uzohlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela ohlinzayo angasika ngokucophelela isimila kuphela ku-pancreas yakho. Kodwa kaningi, ingxenye ye-pancreas yakho nayo kuzodingeka isuswe. Kuye ngokuthi isimila sikuphi, kungase kudingeke futhi kususwe izingxenye zezinye izitho eziseduze (njenge-spleen noma ingxenye yamathumbu amancane).

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa ezingenziwa:

• Ukukhipha izicubu: Lokhu ukususwa ngokucophelela kwesimila esisodwa ku-pancreas ngaphandle kokulimaza izicubu ze-pancreas ezizungezile ezinempilo. Uma unesisu esisodwa, esincane, esingenabungozi, sisendaweni ezwakalayo, futhi asibonakali njengomdlavuza, ungase ufanelekele lokhu kuhlinzwa okuncane.
• Ukususwa kwe-pancreat okuyingxenye:Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye ye-pancreas equkethe isimila noma izimila. Cabanga nge-pancreas yakho njengebunjwe njengenhlanzi. Ine "ikhanda," "umzimba," kanye "nomsila." I-pancreatectomy ephakathi isusa ingxenye ephakathi ye-pancreas. I-distal pancreatectomy isusa umsila. Ngenxa yokuthi umsila we-pancreas kanye ne-spleen kuhlobene kakhulu, i-distal pancreatectomy ivame ukuhilela nokususa i-spleen (splenectomy).
• Inqubo ye-Whipple (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-pancreaticoduodenectomy): Lokhu kuyindlela enkulu kancane. Inqubo ye-Whipple isusa ikhanda le-pancreas kanye ne-pancreatic ducts. Izimila ezinomdlavuza, njenge-mucinous neoplasms, zivame ukutholakala kuleli khanda. Futhi kuyindlela ematasa kakhulu lapho ingxenye engenhla yamathumbu akho amancane (i-duodenum), i-pancreatic duct, kanye ne-common bile duct kuhlangana khona. Uma umdlavuza ukhona kule ndawo, ungasakazekela kwamanye amagatsha, ngakho-ke inqubo ye-Whipple ayisusi nje kuphela ikhanda le-pancreas, kodwa futhi ne-duodenum yakho, i-common bile duct, kanye ne-gallbladder, enamathele komunye umkhawulo we-common bile duct.
• Ukususwa kwe-pancreat okuphelele: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa wonke ama-pancreas akho . Lokhu kungadingeka uma unezimila eziningi okufanele uzisuse, noma uma umdlavuza ubonakala usakazeke kuwo wonke ama-pancreas akho. Ukususwa kwe-pancreat okuphelele kungasusa nemithambo yegazi eseduze nezitho ezifana ne-spleen, i-gallbladder, i-duodenum, kanye nengxenye engezansi yesisu.

Yiziphi izingozi nemiphumela emibi yokuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic cyst?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreas yakho kungathinta ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile. Udinga i-pancreas yakho ukuthi ikhiqize ama-enzyme nama-hormone abalulekile okugaya ukudla, okuhlanganisa ne-insulin. I-insulin iyi-hormone elawula amazinga kashukela egazini. Uma i-pancreatectomy yakho isusa amaseli amaningi kakhulu enza ama-enzyme noma i-insulin, kuzodingeka uthathe ukwelashwa impilo yonke ukuze uwathathe indawo yawo. Isibonelo, ungadinga imijovo ye-insulin noma amaphilisi e-enzyme yokugaya ukudla.

Okunye ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatectomy kususa noma kuguqula ezinye izitho zomzimba. Kungathinta uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, uhlelo lwe-biliary, kanye nohlelo lokuzivikela komzimba. Ungase ube nobunzima bokugaya ukudla okuthile kanye nokumunca izakhamzimba ezithile (ikakhulukazi amafutha) ngemva kwalokho. Uma uhlinzwa i-splenectomy, uhlelo lwakho lokuzivikela komzimba lungase lube buthaka kancane, futhi ungase uthole izifo kaningi.

Imiphumela emibi ethile engase ivele yile:

• Isifo Sikashukela: Uma amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin ebhujiswa.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-pancreatic exocrine:Ukunganeli kwama-enzyme okugaya ukudla akhiqizwa yi-pancreas. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ukudla kudlule esiswini ngaphandle kokugaywa.
• Ukumuncwa kwamafutha: Ukudla okunamafutha kunzima ukukugaya.
• Ukuzivikela komzimba okuphazamisekile: Uma udende lususiwe.

Ezinye izingozi ezivamile zokuhlinzwa yilezi:

• Ukopha
• Izifo
• Amahlule egazi
• Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic (ukuvuza okuvela endaweni lapho izinto ezifana namathumbu zixhunyaniswa khona ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa)

Ingakanani ingozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic?

Ngokwezibalo, izimila ze-pancreatic cishe azibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Odokotela baphatha izimila ze-pancreatic ngokuqapha okukhulu, ngoba bafuna ukugwema noma iyiphi ingozi. Bazohlola isimila sakho bese benquma ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele bazithathe. Nakuba ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kuyindaba engathi sína, izimila eziningi ze-pancreatic azidingi ukuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi uma uthola ukuthi unesimila.

Ingakanani isikhathi sokusinda ngemva kokwelashwa kwesimila se-pancreatic?

Lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni lwesimila nokuthi sisabalale kangakanani. Uma isimila sisusiwe ngaphambi kokuba sibe umdlavuza (ngaphambi komdlavuza) noma lapho umdlavuza ungasabalali (ongasabalali), izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic licishe libe yi-100%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imiphumela mihle kakhulu. Kubantu abanomdlavuza ohlaselayo, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ngemva kokwelashwa licishe libe ngu-65%-75%. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesimila kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Izinga lokufa (ingozi yokufa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa) kunoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwe-pancreatic ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-4%.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami mayelana nama-cysts ami e-pancreatic?

Uma uthola ukuthi unesimila se-pancreatic, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Unelungelo lokubuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Luhlobo luni lwesimila enginaso?"
• "Ingabe ingozi yami yokuba nomdlavuza webele iphansi, iphakathi nendawo, noma iphezulu?"
• "Kufanele ngithole kangaki i-imaging scan ukuze ngihlole amathumba ami?"
• "Ingabe amabele ami azokhula? Uma kunjalo, kushesha kangakanani?"
• "Ngisho noma ngingenazo izimpawu, kufanele ngisuswe lesi simila?"
• "Uma kufanele ngihlinzwe, yiziphi izingozi? Yiziphi imiphumela emibi engizobhekana nayo?"

Uma ucabanga ngomdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye nokuhlinzwa, yize ingozi incane kakhulu, ingabangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu. Kodwa khumbula, iningi lezimila ze-pancreatic alikho okufanele liyesabe. Iziqondiso zezokwelapha zokuqapha, ukuhlola, kanye nokwelapha izimila ze-pancreatic zenzelwe ukunciphisa lokho kwesaba okungadingekile futhi zikuvikele.

Ukukhula okungajwayelekile (njengezimila) kuvame ezithweni eziningi zomzimba, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula. Ama-cyst e-pancreatic ayisinye sezitho ongasifaka kulolo hlu. Ingozi yokuthi lokhu kukhula kube umdlavuza incane kakhulu. Uma ususa i-cyst engaphambi komdlavuza ngokushesha, ngeke ibe nethuba lokuba umdlavuza.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule

Ungesabi noma wesabe uma utshelwa ukuthi une-pancreatic cyst. Phefumula bese ukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.

Esikhathini esiningi, lezi azinangozi, azibonisi zimpawu, futhi zitholakala ngengozi.

Uma udokotela esho lokho, cela imininingwane. Chaza ukuthi hlobo luni lwesimila onaso, ukuthi singakuthinta kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ngokulandelayo.

Nakuba kunezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingavela, manje sekunezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuzibona futhi, uma kudingeka, uzelaphe ngesikhathi esifanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kokulandelela ngesikhathi esifanele. Khona-ke ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngalokhu ngokungadingekile. Phila impilo enempilo!

I - Pancreas, Ama-Cysts e-Pancreatic, Umdlavuza we-Pancreatic, Izimpawu ze-Pancreatic, Ukwelashwa kwe-Pancreatic, Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pancreatic