Awukwazi ukubona kude nawe? Ake sifunde nge-myopia!

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacile, akunjalo? Izinhlamvu ebhodini ekilasini azicacile, noma uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukusondela lapho ubuka i-TV. Lesi yisimo abantu abaningi abanaso, kodwa singathinta impilo yabo yansuku zonke. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu kubona eduze, odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi (i-Myopia) . Akukho okufanele ukwesabe, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Myopia?

Kalula nje, i-Myopia yilapho singabona khona izinto eziseduze nathi, njengalapho sifunda incwadi noma sibheka ifoni yethu, ngokucacile, kodwa izinto ezikude – njengebhasi emgwaqweni, umuntu okude, noma ibhodi elimnyama ekilasini – azibonakali kahle. Zicabange uhamba emgwaqweni futhi kunzima ukufunda inombolo yebhasi evela kude, kodwa ungabona ngokucacile izinhlamvu ephephandabeni esandleni sakho. Lesi yisimo esifanayo.

Amehlo ethu asebenza njengekhamera encane. Imisebe yokukhanya evela ngaphandle ingena esweni futhi kumele igxile esikrinini esibizwa ngokuthi i-retina ngemuva kweso. Kulapho kuphela lapho singabona khona isithombe esicacile. Njengoba nje ikhamera ikhiqiza isithombe lapho ukukhanya kushaya ifilimu.

Kodwa-ke, imisebe yokukhanya engena esweni lomuntu one-Myopia ayigxili ngqo ku-retina. Kunalokho, igxila kancane phambi kwe-retina . Yingakho izinto ezikude zibonakala zingacacile futhi zingacacile. Kungaba nezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu:

1. Iso lingase libe lide kancane kunokujwayelekile (ubude obukhulu be-axial yeso).

2. Noma ukwanda kokugoba (ukugoba) kwengxenye esobala ngaphambili kweso, okungukuthi, i-cornea , noma ilensi engaphakathi kweso.

Noma ngabe yikuphi, umphumela uba ukuthi ukukhanya kugxile endaweni engafanele futhi ukubona ibanga kuyaphazamiseka.

Sikubona kanjani lokhu? Ziyini izimpawu?

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho, noma wena, unalesi simo, qaphela lezi zimpawu. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, kufanele ukhathazeke.

• Izinto ezikude azicacile: Lolu uphawu olusobala kakhulu nolusobala. Uma ungumntwana oya esikoleni, ungase ukhononde ngokuthi awukwazi ukubona okubhalwe ebhodini ekilasini. Noma ungase ubukele i-TV eduze kakhulu, noma ungase ungakwazi ukubona izimpawu kude lapho uhamba emgwaqweni.
• Ukubamba izinto ezinjengezincwadi namathoyizi eduze kakhulu nobuso babo: Uma bezibamba eduze kakhulu nobuso babo lapho befunda incwadi, bebheka ifoni yabo, noma bedweba, nakho kuyisibonakaliso esinamandla se-myopia. Ngoba babona kuphela izinto eziseduze nabo ngokucacile.
• Ukufinya noma ukucwayiza njalo:Abanye abantu bayawafinya amehlo futhi bawafinyeze ukuze bafune ukubona into ekude. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukufinya amehlo'. Abanye abantu bangase bafinyeze amehlo njalo noma bawahlikihle.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda nokucindezeleka kwamehlo: Amehlo akho kufanele asebenze kanzima ukuze agxile ngoba awukwazi ukubona kahle. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda, ubuhlungu bamehlo, kanye nomuzwa wokucindezeleka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ngemva kwesikole noma ngemva kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ubuka ikhompyutha.
• Ukuntuleka kwentshisekelo noma ukunaka emsebenzini wesikole: Ngezinye izikhathi izingane aziqondi izifundo ngoba azikwazi ukubona okusebhodini. Lokhu kungaholela ekuntuleni intshisekelo yokufunda kanye nokulahlekelwa ukugxila ekilasini.

Cabanga nje, indodakazi yakho uNimali iza esikoleni futhi ihlala ithi, "Mama, angikuboni kahle lokho uthisha akubhalayo ebhodini." Noma, ubona indodana yakho u-Amal ibambe incwadi eduze kwamehlo ayo ngenkathi ifunda, njengokungathi ubuso bayo bucindezelwe encwadini. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, kufanele ucabange kancane ngalokhu (i-Myopia).

Kungani sihlakulela lokhu kubona eduze?

Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esisodwa salokhu. Ngokuvamile, kuba yinhlanganisela yezinto eziningana ezibangela lokhu.

• Izakhi zofuzo: Lokhu kuvame ukuba yisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Uma abazali bakho noma amanye amalungu omndeni wakho enesifo sokungaboni kahle emehlweni, wena nezingane zakho ninamathuba amaningi okuba naso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyinto engadluliselwa ngofuzo kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye.
• Indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amehlo ethu kanye nezici zemvelo: Lokhu sekuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu namuhla.
• Ukusebenza kakhulu eduze: Ukwenza umsebenzi omningi eduze, njengokufunda izincwadi, ukubuka isikrini sekhompyutha, ukudlala imidlalo ku-smartphone, noma ukusebenza kuthebhulethi, kungabangela ukwanda kokucindezeleka kwamehlo. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lokhu kungabangela futhi kube kubi kakhulu i-myopia.
• Ukuchitha isikhathi esincane ngaphandle: Lokhu nakho kuyinto entsha etholakele, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Sekuvele kwabonakala ngokucacile ukuthi izingane ezidlala futhi zichitha isikhathi ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi elangeni lemvelo, zinengozi ephansi yokuthola i-myopia. Kuthiwa ukuchitha okungenani amahora amabili ngaphandle ngosuku kuhle. Ngakho-ke ukuhlala endlini, uvaleleke ezindongeni ezine, akubonakali kuhle kakhulu emehlweni.
• Izinguquko ngokweminyaka: I-Myopia ivame ukuqala ngesikhathi sesikole. Ivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kweminyaka engu-6 no-14. Bese kuthi, ngesikhathi sobusha, lokhu kukhubazeka kokubona kunganda kancane kancane. Lokhu kukhula kuvame ukuqhubeka kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amabili, ngemva kwalokho kuvame ukuzinza.

Kalula nje, izakhi zofuzo zithonya indlela amehlo ethu akhula ngayo, futhi izinto esizenzayo ngamehlo ethu usuku lonke kanye nendawo esihlala kuyo nazo zinomthelela omkhulu kulokhu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unakho lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, into engcono kakhulu nebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela wamehlo noma udokotela wamehlo . Bangakuhlola futhi bakutshele ukuthi unalesi simo nokuthi sibi kangakanani (amandla angakanani).

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwamehlo akuyona into enkulu kangako, futhi akukho okufanele ukwesabe.

• Okokuqala, babuza ngombono wakho nokuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho onezinkinga zamehlo.
• Bese ucelwa ukuthi ubheke ishadi lamehlo elinezinhlamvu, izinombolo, noma izithombe (zezingane) bese uzifunda. Lokhu kwenziwa ngeso elilodwa livaliwe.
• Bese, basebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile (njenge-phoropter kanye ne-retinoscope) ukuqondisa ukukhanya esweni ukuze babone ukuthi ukukhanya kugxile kahle yini nokuthi hlobo luni lwelensi oluzokuvumela ukuthi ubone kahle.
• Ngezinye izikhathi , amaconsi amehlo avulekayo asetshenziselwa ukwandisa umfundi. Lokhu kuvumela umbono ongcono we-retina kanye ne-optic nerve. Lokhu kungabangela umbono ofiphele wesikhashana kanye nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emehlweni uma uphuma ngaphandle, kodwa lokhu kuzophela ngemva kwesikhashana.

Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa okuphelele, udokotela angakutshela ngqo ukuthi une-Myopia, uma kunjalo, ukuthi udinga izibuko noma ama-contact lens ukuze uyilungise, nokuthi inombolo ingakanani.

Kulungile, manje yini engenziwa ngalokhu, ukwelashwa kanye nokuphathwa?

Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezilula nezinhle ze-myopia. Lokhu kusebenza ngokugxila imisebe yokukhanya engena esweni ngqo ku-retina.

1. Izibuko (Izibuko)

Lena indlela elula, elula, futhi ephephile esetshenziswa abantu abaningi. Uma ugqoka izibuko ezinamalensi aqondile aklanyelwe ukulingana nokukhubazeka kwakho kokubona, kusiza ukugxila imisebe yokukhanya ngqo ku-retina. Ngemuva kwalokho ungabona ngokucacile kude.

• Ezinganeni, izibuko zivame ukuba yisinqumo esihle kakhulu nesingcono kakhulu ngoba kulula ukuzisebenzisa, kulula ukuzinakekela, futhi kulula ukuzigqoka.
• Uma ukhetha izibuko, manje ziza ngezitayela ezahlukene, imibala, kanye nozimele abalula. Ngakho-ke ungakhetha eyodwa oyithandayo kanye nefanele ubuso bakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa izibuko ezenziwe kahle futhi ezinenombolo efanele.

2. Amalensi Okuxhumana

Lezi amalensi amancane, amancane afakwa ngaphakathi kweso, phezu kwe-cornea. Ayindlela enhle kubantu abangafuni ukugqoka izibuko, ikakhulukazi labo abadlala imidlalo, noma labo abakhathazekile ngokubukeka kwabo.

• Kodwa uma usebenzisa ama-contact lens, udinga ukuwahlanza kahle , uqaphele kakhulu lapho uwafaka futhi uwakhipha, futhi usebenzise izixazululo ezifanele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, unamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo zamehlo.
• Amalensi okuxhumana awafanele wonke umuntu. Futhi, odokotela bavame ukuwancoma ezinganeni ezindala (intsha) kanye nabantu abadala. Lokho kudinga ukuqeqeshwa nokuqonda okufanele.

3. Ukuhlinzwa Kokuvuselela Umzimba

Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa umsebe we-laser ukushintsha unomphela ukuma kwe-cornea, ukuze ukukhanya kugxile ngqo kwi-retina. I-LASIK uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwaziwayo.

• Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa kuphela kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-18-21 ababona kahle (okusho ukuthi inani lezibuko alikashintshi unyaka noma emibili). Akwenziwa ezinganeni ezincane, ngoba amehlo azo asakhula.
• Lokhu futhi akuhambisani nawo wonke umuntu. Kungudokotela wamehlo ukuthi anqume ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wamehlo ukuze akhethe ukwelashwa okukulungele wena noma ingane yakho. Uzohlola amehlo akho futhi acabangele konke, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, nezidingo zakho, ukuze akunike ikhambi elingcono kakhulu.

4. Izindlela zokulawula i-Myopia (Ukulawulwa kwe-Myopia)

Muva nje, kutholakale izindlela ezintsha zokulawula ukuqhubeka okusheshayo kwe-myopia, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Lezi aziyivimbi ngokuphelele i-myopia, kodwa kunalokho zinciphisa ukuqhubeka kwayo.

• Amaconsi e-Atropine aphansi: Lawa maconsi e-eye atholakale enciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia uma esetshenziswa nsuku zonke.
• Amalensi Okuxhumana Akhethekile: Kunezinhlobo ezithile zamalensi okuxhumana e-multifocal asiza ukulawula i-myopia ezinganeni.
• I-Orthokeratology (Ortho-K): Kulokhu, amalensi okuxhumana aqinile akhethekile agqokwa ebusuku ngenkathi ulele. Lawa afaka ukucindezela okuthambile ku-cornea ubusuku bonke, futhi lapho amalensi esuswa ekuseni, ungabona kahle usuku lonke ngaphandle kwezibuko. Lokhu kungalawula nokuqhubeka kwe-myopia.

Ungabuza nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngalezi zindlela zokulawula (i-Myopia).

Kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela lokhu kulahlekelwa umbono noma ukunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwakho?

Kunzima ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-myopia, ikakhulukazi uma iwufuzo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ukuqhubeka kwayo futhi sigcine amehlo ethu ephilile:

• Dlala futhi uchithe isikhathi ngaphandle: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kutholakale ukuthi ukudlala, ukuhamba, nokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle endaweni enokukhanya kwelanga okuhle okungenani ihora elilodwa ngosuku, okungcono amahora amabili, kuhle kakhulu emehlweni ezingane.
• Nika amehlo akho ikhefu emisebenzini yokubona eduze: Nika amehlo akho ikhefu uma ufunda izincwadi, usebenza kukhompyutha, noma ubheka ifoni yakho. Kukhona into ebizwa ngokuthi "umthetho we-20-20-20." Lokho kusho ukuthi,Njalo ngemizuzu engama-20, bheka into ekude (cishe ngamafidi angama-20) okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Lokhu kunikeza iso lakho ikhefu futhi kunciphisa ukukhathala.
• Sebenza ezimweni ezinhle zokukhanya: Uma ufunda izincwadi noma utadisha, qiniseka ukuthi igumbi likhanya kahle. Ukusebenza ekukhanyeni okuncane noma ukubukela i-TV akulungile emehlweni akho. Futhi, gcina izinto ezifana nezincwadi nezikrini kude namehlo akho.
• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco: Faka imifino (njengezaqathi, isipinashi), izithelo (ezifana namawolintshi, ipapaya), kanye nenhlanzi (njenge-salmon, i-mackerel, kanye ne-tuna) equkethe amavithamini (ikakhulukazi amavithamini A, C, kanye no-E) kanye namaminerali amahle empilweni yamehlo.
• Hlola amehlo akho njalo: Ngisho noma kungekho zinkinga, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi amehlo ezingane zakho ahlolwe udokotela wamehlo okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Ngale ndlela, noma yiziphi izinkinga zingatholakala kusenesikhathi.

Lezi zinto zingase zingayivimbi ngokuphelele intuthuko ye-myopia, kodwa zingasiza ekunciphiseni intuthuko yayo futhi zigcine amehlo akho ephilile.

Kunini lapho kufanele nakanjani sibone khona udokotela?

Kulezi zimo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungalibali ukubona udokotela wamehlo:

• Uma ingane yakho ibonisa uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu olushiwo ngenhla (isib., ukuthi ayikwazi ukubona ibhodi, ukufiphaza amehlo, ukubamba izincwadi eduze kobuso bayo lapho ifunda, noma ukukhala njalo ngekhanda elibuhlungu).
• Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibona ushintsho ngokuzumayo ekuboneni kwayo , noma uma umbono wayo uba lufifi noma umbono ophindwe kabili.
• Uma unezinye izinkinga ezifana namehlo abuhlungu, abomvu, noma alumayo .
• Ngisho noma kungekho nkinga, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuthi ingane yakho ihlolwe amehlo okokuqala lapho iqala isikole (phakathi kweminyaka engu-3-5). Bese, yihlole njalo ngezikhathi ezithile njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho.
• Uma othile emndenini ene-myopia noma ezinye izifo zamehlo, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthi izingane zihlolwe kusenesikhathi.

Khumbula, amehlo ayizitho eziyigugu kakhulu futhi ezizwela kalula. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ungenzi inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu ngokwenza noma yini ozizwa ngayo.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okufanele sizikhumbule kule ndaba? (Umyalezo Ofanele Uwuthathe Ekhaya)

Ukubona eduze, noma i-Myopia, yisimo abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi izingane zesikole, abangaba naso. Akusona isimo esibucayi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela futhi uthole ukwelashwa nokuphathwa okudingekayo.

• Qaphela izimpawu: Qaphela izinto ezinjengokubona eduze, ukufiphaza amehlo, ukufunda izincwadi eduze kakhulu, kanye nobuhlungu bekhanda obuvamile, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni zakho.
• Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha: Uma ungabaza, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo bese uhlola amehlo akho.
• Thola ukwelashwa okufanele:Izixazululo ezilula njengezibuko nama-contact lens zingasiza ekulawuleni lesi simo futhi zifinyelele umbono ocacile. Qaphela nezindlela zokulawula ukwanda kwe-myopia ezinganeni.
• Nakekela amehlo akho: Izinto ezilula njengokudlala ngaphandle, ukuthatha ikhefu emisebenzini eseduze, kanye nokusebenza ezimweni ezinhle zokukhanya kungagcina amehlo akho ephilile.

Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma ingane yakho nicabanga ukuthi ninayo le nkinga, sicela ningesabi noma ningesabi. Bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu bese uthola iseluleko nokwelashwa okudingekayo. Khona-ke wena nengane yakho ningabona leli zwe elihle ngokucacile nangokujabula!

Ukubona eduze, ukubona kude, i-myopia, ukubona, amehlo ezingane, izibuko, i-Myopia