Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-tetanus. Ungakhathazeki, ingavinjelwa!

Cishe uke wezwa 'ngesifo sokuqina kwemisipha' noma 'isifo sokugoba'. Empeleni sibi kakhulu, kodwa ngenhlanhla, siyisifo esingavinjelwa. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kafushane ngesifo sokuqina kwemisipha, indlela esikhula ngayo, izimpawu zaso, ukwelashwa, futhi ikakhulukazi indlela yokuzivikela kuso, kulungile?

Kuyini i-Tetanus?

Kalula nje, ukudlikizela kuyisifo esibi, kodwa esingavinjelwa, esithinta imisipha kanye nesimiso sezinzwa zomzimba wethu. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi 'isifo se-lockjaw', ngoba uphawu oluyinhloko ukungakwazi ukuvula umlomo ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha. Emazweni athuthukile njengeMelika, lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu ngoba izingane zigonyelwa sona kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala. Kodwa-ke, emazweni asathuthuka njengelethu, kuseyinkinga.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-acne?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kuqubuka kwenzeka kanjani. Kubangelwa uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, igciwane lebhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi `(Clostridium tetani)`. Lawa avame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifana nomhlabathi nothuli.

Ibhaktheriya ye-Clostridium tetani kanye nobuthi obuyikhiqizayo

Uma i-bacteria i-Clostridium tetani ingena emizimbeni yethu, ikhiqiza ubuthi, obuyityhefu. Lobu buthi buyingozi kakhulu. Buhamba ngemithambo lapho kwalimala khona bufike ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Uma bufika lapho, ubuthi buphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwesimiso sethu sezinzwa. Ikakhulukazi, buthinta izinzwa zomzimba, ezithwala imiyalezo yokunyakaza kwemisipha yethu. Yingakho imisipha yethu iba lukhuni futhi inyakaze.

Lokhu kuvame ukungena kanjani emzimbeni?

Esikhathini esiningi, leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni ngesilonda esingcolile. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngesipikili esigqwalile esinamathele esikhumbeni sakho, noma isilonda esingcolile ngothuli nothuli. Ngezinye izikhathi isilonda sincane kangangokuthi singase singasiboni. Kodwa ngisho nalelo nxeba elincane lingangenisa leli gciwane.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamanxeba okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole ithumba:

• Amanxeba anesikhumba esifile: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukusha, i-frostbite, i-gangrene, noma ukulimala okuchotshoziwe.
• Amanxeba angcoliswe ukungcola, amathe, noma indle: Lawa asengozini enkulu uma engahlanzwa kahle.
• Ukulimala okubangelwa yizinaliti ezingcolile, ezingahlanzwanga: Isibonelo, izinaliti ezisetshenziswa ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa, ukuzidweba, noma ukubhoboza umzimba.

Kuyini i-Tetanus yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa?

Kukhona olunye uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-tetanus, okuyi-tetanus eyenzeka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Siphinde sibize lokhu ngokuthi `(I-Tetanus Yezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa)`. Lokhu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi uma umntwana ezalwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingahlanzekile, ikakhulukazi uma intambo yesisu ingagcinwa ihlanzekile ngemva kokusikwa, lapho amagciwane angena khona. Kodwa-ke, emazweni athuthukile, ngenxa yomjovo we-tetanus onikezwa omama kanye neseluleko esinikezwayo sokugcina intambo yesisu ihlanzekile ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, lesi simo `(I-Tetanus Yezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa)` manje asivamile kakhulu. Sikhathazekile kakhulu ngalokhu ezweni lakithi.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuphuma kwesisu?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala lapho kuvela ukuqubuka. Izimpawu zingavela noma kuphi kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya enyangeni ngemva kokuba leli gciwane lingene emzimbeni.

Ngokuvamile kuqala ngokuqina kwemisipha yomhlathi . Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-trismus". Kuzwakala sengathi umhlathi uvaliwe, futhi kunzima ukuvula umlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• Kunzima ukugwinya.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ubuhlungu kungase kwenzeke entanyeni, emahlombe nasemhlane .
• Lokhu kuqina kwemisipha kungasakazeka kancane kancane ezindaweni ezifana nesisu, izingalo ezingaphezulu (izingalo), kanye namathanga .
• Ngezinye izikhathi imisipha ingaqina kakhulu kangangokuthi umzimba wonke ugobe emuva njengomnsalo. Lokhu kungaba buhlungu kakhulu.
• Ungase futhi ube nezimpawu ezifana nokujuluka ngokweqile kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.

Indlela yokwelapha i-eczema?

Uma umuntu enesifo sohlangothi, kufanele nakanjani alaliswe esibhedlela futhi elashwe. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kunikezwa e-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) .

Lapho, ukwelashwa okuyinhloko okunikeziwe yile:

• Ama-antibiotic anikezwa ukubulala amagciwane.
• Umuthi wokugomela obizwa ngokuthi i-Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG) unikezwa ukuze kuqedwe ubuthi obuvele bukhiqizwe emzimbeni.
• Imithi inikezwa ukulawula ukuqina kwemisipha kanye nokuqaqamba kwayo.
• Futhi, uma kudingeka, kunikezwa ukwelashwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba, njengokuphefumula, iyaqhubeka kahle. Kungadingeka futhi ukuxhuma isiguli nemishini ukusiza ngokuphefumula.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-eclampsia iyisimo esibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela ukuphuphuma kwesisu?

Yebo! Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Isifo sohudo yisifo esingasivimbela ngokuphelele . Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu:

1. Gomela i-smallpox. Lesi yisivikelo esingcono kakhulu nesibaluleke kakhulu.

2. Uma kukhona ingozi yokuthola i-tetanus ngemva kokulimala, thola umjovo (ukuvimbela i-tetanus ngemva kokuchayeka).

Ake sixoxe ngalezi ezimbili ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Ukuvikelwa ekugonyweni

Umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria ufakiwe ohlelweni lokugomela lukazwelonke lwezwe lethu. Lo muthi wokugomela uvame ukunikezwa ngesikhathi sobuntwana njengengxenye yomjovo ohlanganisiwe obizwa ngokuthi i-`DTaP`. I-`DTaP` iwumuthi wokugomela ovikela kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: i-diphtheria (i-diphtheria), i-tetanus (i-tetanus), kanye nokukhwehlela okukhulu (i-acellular pertussis).

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lokunikeza izingane ezincane le migomo lumi kanje:

• Uchungechunge lwemithamo emine yomjovo we-DTaP lunikezwa ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala (ezinyangeni ezi-2, ezi-4, ezi-6, kanye nezi-18).
• Bese kunikezwa omunye umthamo we-`DTaP` phakathi kweminyaka engu-4-6 .
• Okulandelayo, umjovo wokuqinisa umzimba obizwa ngokuthi i-`Tdap` unikezwa cishe eminyakeni eyi-11-12 ubudala . Uma lokhu kuphuthelwa, kunganikezwa kamuva. I-`Tdap` iphinde ibe umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, kanye nokukhwehlela okukhulu, kodwa yenzelwe abantu abadala nezingane ezincane.

Ngemva kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap noma umuthi wokugomela i-Td booster, ovikela kuphela i-tetanus kanye ne-pertussis , njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 . Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uqhubeke uyenza impilo yakho yonke. Uma ungakhumbuli ukuthi wagcina nini ukuthola umuthi wakho wokugomela, kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela womndeni wakho.

Lo mjovo ubaluleke kakhulu nakomama abakhulelwe!

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wonke owesifazane okhulelwe uyanconywa ukuthi athole umuthi wokugomela i-`Tdap` phakathi nengxenye yesibili yokukhulelwa, phakathi nokukhulelwa ngakunye. Kubalulekile ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela phakathi nokukhulelwa ngakunye, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke wagonywa ngaphambilini noma ukuthi ugcine nini ukuwuthola. Lokhu kuzovikela umama kanye nosana olusanda kuzalwa ku-tetanus. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela umntwana esimweni se-`(Neonatal Tetanus)` esikhulume ngaso ngaphambilini.

Ukuvimbela i-Tetanus Ngemva Kokuchayeka

Uma ulimale ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuyinxeba elijulile noma inxeba elingcolile elingcoliswe ukungcola, uthuli, noma indle, kunengozi yokuthola i-tetanus. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela bese ubuza ukuthi udinga yini ukuthatha ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuvimbela i-tetanus ngemuva kokuchayeka"

Imigomo enikezwayo ngalesi sikhathi incike ezintweni eziningana:

• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani kusukela wagcina ukuthola umjovo wakho wokuqinisa isimungumungwane?
• Zingaki izigonyo zesimungumungwane ozitholile empilweni yakho?
• Uhlobo lwenxeba (izinto ezifana nokuthi lijule kangakanani, nokuthi lingcolile kangakanani).

Ngakho-ke, uma uthola inxeba, kuwukuhlakanipha ukulihlanza kahle bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Izinto zokuqala okufanele uzenze uma ulimele

Noma yiliphi inxeba lesikhumba, ikakhulukazi inxeba elijulile noma elingase lingcoliswe ukungcola, amathe, noma indle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulihlanza kahle, ukufaka imithi, nokulimboza ngokushesha .

Uma kungenzeka, geza inxeba kahle ngensipho namanzi. Uma kukhona ukungcola noma imfucumfucu ngaphakathi kwenxeba, yisuse. Bese ulihlanza ngesisombululo se-antiseptic bese ulimboza nge-gauze ehlanzekile noma i-plaster. Kodwa-ke, uma inxeba lijulile, likhulu, noma lingcolile kakhulu, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ngaphezu kwalolu sizo lokuqala lwasekhaya.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wena noma izingane zakho nithole umuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane ofanele, noma uma wazi ukuthi azikawutholi uchungechunge oluphelele lwemithi yokugomela, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela womndeni wakho bese ukhuluma ngakho.

• Uma sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10 kusukela noma ubani emndenini wakho agcina ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-measles booster, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela futhi uthole ulwazi olusha ngemijovo yakho.
• Uma uthola inxeba elijulile noma usikekile, hlanza inxeba ngokushesha bese ushayela udokotela ukuze akubuze mayelana nokuvimbela i-tetanus ngemva kokuchayeka.
• Uma ingane yakho noma omunye umuntu enezimpawu zokuvaleka komhlathi, noma ukudikiza noma ukuqina kwemisipha , ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulimala, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo.

Khumbula, nakuba isimungumungwane siyisifo esibi kakhulu, singazivikela kuso ngokugonywa nokuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma silimele.

Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule kafushane

Kulungile, ake sibheke ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile okufanele sizikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• I-Tetanus iyisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esingavinjelwa ngomjovo.
• Lokhu kubangelwa ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi iClostridium tetani, ehlala enhlabathini.
• Kungasakazeka ngamanxeba angcolile, ikakhulukazi amanxeba ajulile, nezinto ezifana nezinzipho ezigqwalile.
• Ukugoba, ukudikiza kwemisipha, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya yizimpawu eziyinhloko.
• Ukwelashwa kunikezwa esibhedlela, eYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile (i-ICU).
• Indlela engcono kakhulu yokukuvimbela ukuthola imijovo ye-pertussis (i-DTaP, i-Tdap, i-Td) ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthola umjovo we-booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
• Kuphoqelekile ukuthi omama abakhulelwe bathole umuthi wokugomela i-'Tdap' ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngakunye.
• Uma uthola inxeba, lihlanze kahle futhi, uma kudingeka, thola ukuvimbela i-tetanus ngemuva kokuchayeka njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
• Uma kuvela izimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngokuqaphela lezi zinto nokugonywa ngendlela efanele, ungazivikela wena nomndeni wakho kulesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi isimungumungwane. Akukho okufanele ukwesabe, ukuqaphela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela!

` ITetanus, Lockjaw, Clostridium tetani, Vaccine, DTaP, Tdap, Inxeba, Tetanus Neonatal