Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi amazinga akho e-cholesterol aphezulu? Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqalwe nge-statin. Lokho ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelashwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi leyo mithi yodwa ayanele. Noma abanye abantu abakwazi ukubekezelela imiphumela emibi yomuthi. Yingakho odokotela manje bekhuluma ngeklasi elisha lemithi 'eshintsha umdlalo'. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors. Ake sixoxe ngazo ngamagama alula namuhla.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zithiyo ze-PCSK9?
Lezi yizinhlobo ezintsha zemithi ezinganciphisa ngempumelelo i-cholesterol 'embi', noma i-LDL cholesterol , egazini lethu. Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi evunyelwe emhlabeni. Yi-'alirocumab (Praluent)' kanye ne-'evolocumab (Repatha)'.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi le mithi, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-PCSK9 inhibitors, iyasebenza ngendlela emangalisayo. Kwezinye izimo, ingavimbela ngisho nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi . Le mithi ingathathwa yodwa, noma ihlanganiswe nomuthi we-statin osuvele uwuthatha. Kodwa into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ibiza kakhulu kuneminye imithi ye-cholesterol.
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sicabange ngendaba encane. Isitho esiyinhloko esilawula i-cholesterol emizimbeni yethu yisibindi.
Cabanga nje ukuthi amangqamuzana ethu esibindi anezitho ezincane "zokusula" (ama-receptor) ezibamba futhi zisuse i-cholesterol engafuneki egazini. Lawa yiwo agcina imithambo yegazi yethu ihlanzekile.
Kodwa, kukhona enye iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-PCSK9 ekhiqizwa yimizimba yethu. Umsebenzi wayo ukuthola nokubhubhisa lezo "zihlanzi" ezinhle. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi akekho umuntu wokususa i-cholesterol, inqwabelana egazini bese ifakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
Yilapho isikhulumi sethu, umuthi wokuvimbela i-PCSK9, sisiza khona. Okwenziwa yilo muthi ukuthi ubamba leyo phrotheni ye-PCSK9 embi bese uyivimba ukuthi ingasebenzi. Kufana nokubamba ingane eyisilima bese uyibeka esihlalweni. Khona-ke "abahlanzi" bethu bangenza umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle kwesithiyo. Umphumela? Izinga le-cholesterol ye-LDL egazini lehla ngokushesha.
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani 'kuma-statin'?
Ama-statin kanye nama-PCSK9 inhibitors yizinhlobo ezimbili zemithi ehlisa i-cholesterol, kodwa asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukene. Leli thebula lizokusiza ukuqonde lokhu.
| Umehluko | I-Statin | Ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza kahle | Kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini. | Kuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwama-receptor asusa i-cholesterol esibindini. |
| Indlela yokuthatha | Iphilisi elithathwa nsuku zonke. | Umjovo unikezwa njalo emavikini amabili noma amane. |
| Ukusetshenziswa | Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa yodwa, iyisinqumo sokuqala sokulawula i-cholesterol. | Ingasetshenziswa yodwa noma ihlanganiswe nama-statin. Imiphumela iqina nakakhulu. |
Ngakho-ke ubani ofuna ukuthatha lo muthi?
Lona umbuzo obalulekile ngoba akuwona wonke umuntu one-cholesterol ephezulu odinga lo muthi. Udokotela wakho uzoqala azame ukulawula i-cholesterol yakho ngama-statin. Kodwa udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-PCSK9 inhibitor ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Izimo ze-cholesterol ephezulu yezakhi zofuzo: Abanye abantu banesifo sezakhi zofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Familial Hypercholesterolemia." Laba bantu banephutha endleleni imizimba yabo elawula ngayo i-cholesterol. Ngisho noma besebenzisa umthamo omkhulu wama-statin, kunzima kakhulu ngalaba bantu ukwehlisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL ibe sezingeni elinempilo.
- Kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi: Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo, futhi amazinga akho e-cholesterol engalawulwa ngokwanele ngemithi efana nama-statin, udokotela wakho angase acabangele lo muthi.
- Kulabo abangakwazi ukubekezelela 'ama-statin': Cishe u-10%-20% wabantu abathatha ama-statin babhekana nemiphumela emibi njengobuhlungu bemisipha obungabekezeleleki, ubuthakathaka, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba . Kulabo bantu, lokhu kungaba inketho enhle.
Udokotela uwunikeza nini lo muthi?
Udokotela akasoze anikeze lo muthi wonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kukhona inqubo yokuwusebenzisa.
1. Okokuqala, shintsha indlela yakho yokuphila: Udokotela uqala ngokuthi uvivinye umzimba kahle futhi udle ukudla okunempilo okunamafutha amancane, ushukela kanye nofulawa .
2. Okulandelayo, 'i-Statin': Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zinganele, kuqaliswa i-statin. Uma i-cholesterol ingasehli, umthamo uyanda kancane kancane.
3. Njengendlela yokugcina: Uma i-cholesterol yakho ingalawulwa ngisho nangomthamo omkhulu wama-statin, noma uma imiphumela emibi imbi kakhulu, khona-ke udokotela wakho angase acabangele i-PCSK9 inhibitor. Lesi sinqumo singenziwa ngokwenza isivivinyo, njenge-coronary calcium score, ukuhlola ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo.
Usetshenziswa kanjani lo muthi futhi yimiphi imiphumela emibi?
Iza njengomjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba owunikeza ngaphansi kwesikhumba njalo emavikini amabili noma amane . Ungayithola esikhumbeni sesisu sakho, ethangeni elingenhla, noma engalweni engenhla. Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe uzokukhombisa ukuthi ungayinikeza kanjani ngendlela efanele. Ngokuvamile ayibuhlungu futhi kulula.
Uma kukhulunywa ngemiphumela emibi, evame kakhulu mincane.
- Ubuhlungu bomhlane
- Izimpawu ezifana nokubanda (umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila)
- Ubomvu, ukudumba, noma ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Akuvamile ukuthi kube nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Uma ngokuzumayo uba namaqhubu amakhulu, ukuvuvukala kobuso noma izindebe, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula , lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha .
Okokugcina, uma kukhulunywa ngezindleko zale mithi, ayifani nemithi ejwayelekile, futhi ibiza kakhulu . Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwelashwa kungase kungabi yinto ethengekayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Kungcono ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngalokhu bese nixoxa ngokuthi niyakudinga yini, ukuthi kulungile yini kuwe, nokuthi yiziphi izinketho zakho zezindleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-inhibitor e-PCSK9 ayiqembu elisha lemithi elinamandla kakhulu elinciphisa amazinga aphezulu e-LDL ('amabi') cholesterol.
- Lokhu akuzi njengamaphilisi okuphuza nsuku zonke, kodwa njengomjovo onikezwa njalo emavikini ama-2 noma ama-4.
- Lokhu kuvame ukunconywa kubantu abanezinkinga ze-cholesterol ezihambisana nofuzo, labo abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo, noma labo abangakwazi ukubekezelela imithi ye-statin.
- Lo muthi ubiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele unqume ukuthi ukulungele yini ngemuva kokuxoxa ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho.
- Ungalokothi wenze izinqumo mayelana nemithi ngokusekelwe kumahemuhemu noma kulokho okubonayo ku-inthanethi. Landela njalo iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
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