Uzizwa wesaba kancane lapho udokotela ekunika i-penicillin wena noma ingane yakho? Ucabanga ukuthi, "O, ngizoba ne-allergy kulokhu?"? Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi ezweni lakithi bakhuluma ngalokhu. Abanye bathi, "Ngiyayizonda i-penicillin." Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuqondile, futhi kalula, ukuthi kuyini lokhu kungezwani ne-penicillin, ukuthi ziyini izimpawu zayo, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka into efana nale.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukungezwani ne-penicillin?
I-Penicillin, njengoba wazi, iyi -antibiotic ebaluleke kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Isebenza ngokubhubhisa ungqimba lwangaphandle lwamagciwane angene emizimbeni yethu futhi yelaphe ukutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela, luwubona kabi lo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Penicillin. Kufana nesitha esihlasele izwe lethu.
Yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Amasosha ethu omzimba aqala "ukulwa" nale penicillin. Ngenxa yalokhu kulwa, imizimba yethu ibhekana nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba ne-penicillin kwenzeka lapho isimiso sethu sokuzivikela somzimba sisabela ngendlela engafanele emuthini okufanele usisize.
Kodwa nazi izindaba ezinhle! Ukuthi nje une-allergy ku-penicillin namuhla akusho ukuthi ihlale ikhona. Izifundo zithole ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-80% abatholakale benesifo se-penicillin bakhula badlule kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-10.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi ezivame kakhulu emndenini we-penicillin?
I-Penicillin akuyona imithi eyodwa, umndeni wezidakamizwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezidakamizwa kulo mndeni. Ezinye ziyizidakamizwa eziphuzwayo, ezinye ziyizidakamizwa ezijovwayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngala magama:
- I-Amoxicillin (lokhu kuthandwa kakhulu ezweni lakithi, ikakhulukazi okunikezwa izingane ezincane)
- I-Ampicillin
- I-Dicloxacillin
- I-Penicillin G
- I-Penicillin V
- I-Piperacillin
Ngakho-ke uma udokotela wakho ekunike umuthi onjengalona, kufanele nakanjani usho ukuthi uke waba nokungezwani ne-penicillin ngaphambilini.
Ubani ongathola lokhu kungezwani komzimba? Kuvamile kangakanani?
Eqinisweni, noma ubani angaba nokungezwani komzimba ne-penicillin. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye izimo zokungezwani komzimba, njenge-hay fever, i-asthma, noma i-eczema, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nokungezwani komzimba ne-penicillin.
Lokhu kuyinkinga yokungezwani nemithi evame ukubikwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Cabanga nje, umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 eMelika uthi une-allergy ku-penicillin. Kodwa lapho kuhlolwa, yi-1% kuphela yalabo abathi bane-allergy empeleni abane-allergy yangempela. Ngakho-ke kwenzekani kwabanye? Bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi umphumela ovamile wesidakamizwa uwukungezwani nemithi. Ake sixoxe ngomehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ne-penicillin?
Izimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kwabanye, izimpawu zingase zibe zincane , kanti kwabanye, zingase zibe yingozi empilweni. Ake sizihlukanise zibe izigaba ezimbili.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezivamile (ezijwayelekile) | |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba noma ama-hives | Amabala abomvu, alumayo noma apinki, amaqhubu aphakanyisiwe esikhumbeni. |
| Isikhumba esilumayo | Ngisho noma kungekho ukuqubuka okuthile, ukulunywa kungavela emzimbeni wonke noma ezindaweni ezithile. |
| Ukukhwehlela nekhala elicijile | Impumulo egobhozayo, ikhala elicijile, kanye nokukhwehlela. |
| Ukuvuvukala | Ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ezandleni nasezinyaweni. |
| Izimpawu ezinkulu nezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo (i-Anaphylaxis) | |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuqina kwesifuba, kanye nokuphefumula kanzima. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Dyspnea . |
| Ukuvuvukala komzimba wonke | Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya ngenxa yokuvuvukala komphimbo, ulimi, nezindebe. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi kakhulu | Lokhu kungabangela ukuquleka, isiyezi, kanye nokubanda komzimba. |
| Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu | Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (i-syncope) . |
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela zingakapheli ihora lokuphuza umuthi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zimpawu zingavela ngisho nangemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, kunezimo lapho ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kungavela ngisho nangemva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-7 zokuthatha umuthi ofana ne-Amoxicillin.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo eba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu (i-anaphylaxis) ngemva kokuthatha i-penicillin, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) noma ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila.
Uyini umehluko phakathi komphumela ongemuhle kanye nokungezwani komzimba?
Yilapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Cishe yonke imithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi emincane. Ngokuvamile ayibi mibi kakhulu futhi iyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa ukungezwani komzimba kuyinto embi kakhulu.
| Imiphumela Evamile Engemihle Ye-Penicillin | Izimpawu Zokungezwani Ne-Penicillin |
|---|---|
| - Ngikhathele kancane - Ukungakhululeki okuncane kwesisu - Ikhanda elibuhlungu - Indawo yomjovo ibomvu kancane futhi iyaluma. | - Ukuqhuma okukhulu noma amaqhubu asakazeka emzimbeni wonke - Ukuvuvukala kobuso, umphimbo, imilenze - Ubunzima bokuphefumula - Ukuhlanza noma uhudo olunzima |
| Lokhu ngokuvamile akukubi kangako. | Lokhu kungaba yingozi futhi kudinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi umphumela omubi noma ukungezwani komzimba kukwenza uphuze umuthi, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho .
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unalo yini leli gciwane?
Udokotela wakho uzokuqinisekisa lokhu. Kunezinyathelo eziningana okufanele uzithathe:
1. Ukukubuza imininingwane: Okokuqala, udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi uthathe muphi umuthi, kuthathe isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izimpawu zivele, nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu ozibonile.
2. Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhumba Sokungezwani Nomzimba: Lena yindlela eyinhloko.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuklwebha: Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka izingxenye ezimbili ze-penicillin esikhumbeni sakho nokwenza ukuklwebha okuncane. Ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-15, indawo iyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi iba bomvu, ivuvukele, futhi ibukeka njengokulunywa umiyane. Uma kunjalo, umphumela omuhle.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphakathi Kwesikhumba: Uma ukuhlolwa okungenhla kungenayo imiphumela emihle, lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandelayo. Lapha, inani elincane kakhulu le-penicillin lifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngenaliti encane. Ngemva kwalokho, isikhumba silindwa imizuzu eyi-15 ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela.
Uma zombili lezi zivivinyo zingembi, kusho ukuthi unengozi encane kakhulu yokusabela okukhulu nokungazweli ngokushesha (i-anaphylaxis). Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, unganikwa umthamo omncane we-penicillin bese ulinda cishe isigamu sehora ukuze ubone ukuthi umzimba wakho uyasabela yini.
Uphatha kanjani i-allergy?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni bezimpawu zakho.
- Ukuyeka i-Penicillin: Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi ngokushesha.
- Imithi ye-Antihistamine: Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza lolu hlobo lwephilisi noma isiraphu yezimpawu ezinjengokulunywa kwesikhumba kanye nama-hives.
- Imithi ye-corticosteroid: Le mithi (amaphilisi noma okhilimu) inikezwa uma kukhona ukuvuvukala okukhulu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulunywa.
- Umjovo we-Epinephrine: Lona unikezwa uma kwenzeka ukusabela okubi kakhulu kwe-allergy, i-anaphylaxis. Lona umjovo osindisa impilo onikezwa e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).
Uma une-allergy ku-penicillin, ingabe zikhona ezinye izinketho?
Yebo, nakanjani!Ukuba ne-allergy ku-penicillin akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukwelashwa uma uthola ukutheleleka. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-antibiotic eziyindlela engcono kakhulu. Isibonelo:
- I-Tetracyclines (i-doxycycline)
- I-Ciprofloxacin
- I-Clarithromycin
Ngakho-ke, uma une-allergy ye-penicillin, tshela noma yimuphi udokotela (ngisho nodokotela wamazinyo) ngakho kuqala uma uyofuna imithi.
Imibuzo okudingeka uyibuze mayelana nokungezwani ne-penicillin
Uma uya kudokotela wakho, buza ngalezi zinto.
- "Dokotela, ingabe nginayo ngempela i-penicillin allergy? Noma ingabe kumane nje kungenxa yokuzwela umuthi?"
- "Yimaphi amanye ama-antibiotic engingawathatha esikhundleni se-penicillin?"
- "Ngingawunakekela kanjani umkhuhlane wesikhumba? Ingabe kukhona engikudingayo?"
- "Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ngiphuze amaphilisi e-antihistamine?"
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukungezwani ne-penicillin kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ethu esabela ngendlela engafanele kumuthi.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala komzimba wonke, noma ukuquleka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Akuzona zonke izimila zesikhumba noma ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okutholayo ngokuthatha imithi okubangela ukungezwani komzimba. Kungaba futhi umphumela ojwayelekile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uqiniseke.
- Uma une-allergy ye-penicillin, tshela bonke odokotela bakho nodokotela bamazinyo.
- Ukungezwani ne-penicillin kungaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungaphinde uhlolwe futhi eminyakeni eminingi kamuva ukuze kuqinisekiswe.
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