Uma ingane yakho iqala inomkhuhlane bese iqala ukukhwehlela kanzima kangangokuthi ayikwazi ngisho nokuphefumula, ubuyokwesaba kakhulu njengomama, akunjalo? Kungase kungabi ukukhwehlela okuvamile nje. Kungaba yisifo esike sazwa ngaso sonke, esibizwa ngokuthi 'ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo', okuyingozi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ngenhlanhla, kukhona umuthi wokugomela osebenza kahle futhi ophephile wokuvikela izingane zethu kulesi sifo esibi. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalowo muthi wokugomela obaluleke kakhulu.
Kuyini Ukukhwehlela Okukhwehlelayo?
Kalula nje, ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kuyisifo esibi esithinta uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula, okungukuthi, amaphaphu nezingxenye ezihlobene naso. Kubangelwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Bordetella pertussis'.
Isici esivelele kakhulu salesi sifo ukukhwehlela okungalawuleki nokuqhubekayo. Uma lokhu kukhwehlela kwenzeka, ingane ingase ingakwazi ukuphefumula futhi ingase ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lapho ukukhwehlela kuphela futhi kuthathwa umoya ojulile, kwenziwa umsindo omkhulu othi "whooping" ovela emphinjeni. Yingakho kuthiwa yi-'Whooping Cough' ngesiNgisi. Lokhu kukhwehlela kungase kuhambisane nomkhuhlane futhi ukuphefumula kungase kume isikhashana bese kuqala futhi (i-apnea).
Kungani lo muthi wokugoma ubaluleke kangaka?
Nakuba lo muthi wokugomela ubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu, usindisa impilo ikakhulukazi ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nezinsana ezingaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbalwa ubudala, njengoba ukukhwehlela okungapheli kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ezinganeni zalonyaka.
- Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia): Amagciwane angangena emaphashini engane futhi abangele ukutheleleka okukhulu.
- Ukuthuthumela kanye nesifo sokuwa: Ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki kanye nokuxhuzula kungase kwenzeke.
- Ukulimala kobuchopho: Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, ukukhwehlela kungabangela ngisho nokulimala kobuchopho okungapheli ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni.
Enye into eyingozi ngalesi sifo ukuthi ezigabeni zokuqala, izimpawu zifana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Ngakho-ke, umuntu omdala ongagonyiwe angadlulisela lesi sifo kalula enganeni encane ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi inomkhuhlane.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugomela ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo?
Ngokuyinhloko sisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi yokugoma ukuvikela ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo. Yomibili le mithi yokugoma ivikela kwezinye izifo ezimbili ngaphezu kokukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo. Lezi yiDiphtheria kanye neTetanus.
| Igama lomjovo | Uzoyinika bani? | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|
| Umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP | Kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala | Lona umuthi wokugomela kathathu onikezwa izingane ngaphansi koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma eSri Lanka. Uhlinzeka ngesivikelo kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: iDiphtheria, iTetanus, kanye nePertussis. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap | Kwabantwana abancane, abantu abadala kanye nomama abakhulelwe | Lona umuthi wokugomela "okhuthazayo". Lona unikezwa ukukhulisa amasosha omzimba ngoba amasosha omzimba avela kumuthi wokugomela i-DTaP onikezwa njengengane uyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
Injani isheduli yokugoma?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu athole lo muthi wokugoma. Ngokusho koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma eSri Lanka, ingane yakho inikezwa umuthi wokugoma we-DTaP, oqukethe imithamo emi-5, mahhala eminyakeni efanele.
- Uma unezinyanga ezimbili ubudala
- Uma unezinyanga ezine ubudala
- Uma unezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala
- Uma unezinyanga ezingu-18 ubudala (unyaka ongu-1 1/2)
- Phakathi kweminyaka engu-4-6 (ngaphambi kokuya esikoleni)
Ngemva kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap booster cishe uneminyaka engu-11-12. Njengabantu abadala, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 ukuze siphephe thina kanye nezingane ezincane ezisizungezile.
Kungani lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu komama abakhulelwe?
Uma ungumama okhulelwe, khumbula kahle le ngxenye. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap phakathi nekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaprotheni avikelayo (ama-antibodies) owakhayo emzimbeni wakho abe esedlulisela enganeni yakho nge-placenta. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho ivikelekile ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa, kuze kube yilapho amasosha omzimba wayo ekhula.
Futhi, uma uvakashela usana olusanda kuzalwa, noma uma unosana olusanda kuzalwa ekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni komntwana ukuthi wonke umuntu, kuhlanganise nobaba, ugogo, nomkhulu, agcine imigomo yabo ye-Tdap isesikhathini.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwe umuthi wokugoma?
Ungakhathazeki. Kungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi. Uma ingane yakho iphuthelwa umuthi wokugoma ngosuku olufanele, ungakhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho ngakho ekuvakasheni kwakho okulandelayo bese uthola umthamo ophuthelwe njengoba kuqondiswe. Kunjalo nakubantu abadala abaphuthelwa umuthi wokugomela.
Ubani okungafanele athole lo muthi wokugomela?
Abanye abantu bangase belulekwe ukuthi bahlehlise noma bangagonywa. Isibonelo, uma wena noma ingane yakho ninomkhuhlane omncane, nisengagonywa. Kodwa-ke, uma unomkhuhlane omkhulu noma uzizwa ungaphilile kahle, kungcono ukulinda uze uphile kahle ngaphambi kokugonywa.
Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma:
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba kulo muthi wokugoma ngaphambili.
- Uma uke waba nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, umkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-105°F/40.5°C), noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu ngemva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma wangaphambilini.
- Uma unesifo sokuwa noma esinye isimo sesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma unesifo esingavamile sezinzwa njenge-'Guillain-Barré syndrome'.
- Uma une-allergy enkulu kunoma yiziphi izithako ezikulowo muthi wokugoma.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi emincane yomuthi wokugoma?
Iningi labantu alibi nalutho olubi kakhulu. Ngisho noma kunemiphumela emibi emincane, ivame ukuphela yodwa phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili. Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngalokhu.
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala okuncane, noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba
- Umkhuhlane omncane
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala
- Isifiso sokudla
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
Lezi zimpawu zivamile. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane ophakeme, ikhala njalo, noma uma unenkinga, kungcono ukushayela udokotela ucingo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo kuyisifo esibi kakhulu esingaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane.
- Imithi yokugomela i-DTaP (yezingane ezincane) kanye ne-Tdap (yabantu abadala) iphephile kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo.
- Nikeza ingane yakho yonke imijovo ngesikhathi ngokwesimiso sikazwelonke sokugoma esinikezwe uhulumeni.
- Uma ungumama okhulelwe, kubalulekile ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap phakathi nekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa ukuze uvikele ingane yakho engakazalwa.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze uthole iseluleko mayelana nokugonywa kwengane yakho noma noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ongase ube nazo.
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