Ingabe unesimila e-pituitary gland yakho? (I-Pituitary Adenoma) Ake sifunde ngaso!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uphathwa yikhanda ngaphandle kwesizathu? Noma uzizwa sengathi ukubona kwakho kubuthakathaka kancane, futhi awukwazi ukubona izinto ezivela ezinhlangothini kahle? Noma, ingabe kukhona ukungakhululeki okubangelwa izinguquko ezithile kuma-hormone omzimba wakho? Mhlawumbe isizathu salezi zinto isimila esincane esikhula endlaleni yakho ye-pituitary. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Pituitary Adenoma' . Ungakhathazeki, lokhu akuyona umdlavuza.

Iyini i-adenoma ye-pituitary?

Kalula nje, i-pituitary adenoma iyisimila esingesona umdlavuza (esingesihle) esikhula endlaleni yakho ye-pituitary. Asisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba njengomdlavuza. Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba le adenoma ikhula, ingacindezela izinto ezifana nemithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi eyizungezile. Yilapho izimpawu ziqala khona ukuvela.

Ngakho-ke, iyini le ndlala ye-pituitary?

Cabanga nje, ngemuva kwekhala lethu, elixhunywe esisekelweni sobuchopho, i-"Hypothalamus"`, kukhona indlala encane engangosayizi we-pea. Yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi indlala ye-pituitary. Nakuba incane, yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Le ndlala inezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• I-Anterior Lobe
• I-Lobe Yangemuva

Zombili lezi zingxenye zikhiqiza futhi zikhiphe izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-hormone egazini. Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezilawula futhi ziqondisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene emzimbeni wethu. Ahamba egazini futhi alethe imiyalezo edingekayo ezithweni zethu, emisipheni, nakwezinye izicubu. Nazi ezinye zama-hormone abalulekile akhiqizwa yi-pituitary gland:

• I-hormone ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH noma i-Corticotropin)
• I-hormone ye-antidiuretic (i-ADH noma i-Vasopressin)
• I-hormone evuselela i-follicle (` FSH` )
• I-hormone yokukhula (`GH`)
• I-hormone ye-luteinizing (`LH`)
• I-Oxytocin (`i -Oxytocin` )
• I-Prolactin
• I-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (`TSH`)

Akukhona lokhu kuphela, i-pituitary gland "iphinde ibonise" ezinye izindlala ze-endocrine emzimbeni wethu ukuthi zikhiqize ama-hormone. Ngakho-ke ungaqonda ukuthi uma kunenkinga ngaleli gland le-pituitary, njenge-adenoma, umsebenzi we-hormone eyodwa noma ama-hormone amaningana ungathinteka.

Zihlukaniswa kanjani lezi zinhlobo ze-adenomas?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ama-adenoma e-pituitary abe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: 1. Ngokusekelwe ekutheni akhiqiza ama-hormone noma cha:

• I-adenoma esebenzayo/ekhiphayo:Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlobo ze-adenomas zikhiqiza i-hormone eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ye-pituitary. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu nezimo ezahlukene zingavela kuye ngokuthi i-hormone ikhiqizwa ngokweqile.
• Ama-adenoma angasebenzi/angakhiqizi: Lawa ma-adenoma awakhiqizi ama-hormone. Kodwa-ke, uma ekhula kakhulu, angabangela izimpawu ngokucindezela ezindaweni zobuchopho noma imizwa eseduze . Lolu uhlobo lwe-adenoma odokotela abavame ukulubhekana nalo.

2. Ngosayizi:

• Ama-Microadenoma: Lawa amathumba amancane kune-10 millimeters (okungukuthi, isentimitha elilodwa).
• Ama-Macroadenoma: Lawa amathumba amakhulu kuno-10 millimeters. Ama-Macroadenoma avame cishe kabili kune-microadenomas. Anamathuba amaningi okubangela amazinga aphansi ehomoni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu le-pituitary (isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypopituitarism).

Ingabe lokhu kubhekwa njengesimila sobuchopho?

I-pituitary gland empeleni iyisakhiwo esingaphansi kwesistimu ye-endocrine, futhi akuyona ingxenye yobuchopho. Inamathele esisekelweni sobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, odokotela babheka ama-pituitary adenomas njengohlobo lwesimila sobuchopho . Ama-pituitary adenomas aqukethe u-10% kuphela wezimila zobuchopho eziyinhloko.

Ubani othola lezi zinto kaningi? Zivame kangakanani?

Ama-adenoma e-pituitary angakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sobudala. Kodwa-ke, avame kakhulu kubantu abaseminyakeni yawo-30 no-40 . Abesifazane nabo banamathuba amancane okuba nawo kunabesilisa. Avame kakhulu kangangokuthi ahlanganisa u-10% kuya ku-15% wazo zonke izimila ezikhula ngaphakathi kogebhezi. Ngokwezibalo, cishe abantu abangu-77 kwabangu-100,000 banalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi abantu abaningi, mhlawumbe abangafika ku-20%, bazokhula babe naso ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo. Izikhathi eziningi, ikakhulukazi labo abane-microadenomas (`microadenomas`), abanazo izimpawu, ngakho-ke abatholakali.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-adenoma ye-pituitary?

Izimpawu ze-pituitary adenoma zingahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Lokhu kuncike kakhulu ezintweni eziningana:

• Ukuthi i-adenoma ikhula ngobukhulu futhi ilimaze i-pituitary gland uqobo, noma ukuthi ibangela "umphumela omkhulu" ezakhiweni ezizungezile.
• Ingabe i-adenoma ekhipha ama-hormone ('ukusebenza')? Uma kunjalo, izimpawu zizoncika ohlotsheni lwe-hormone ekhiqizayo.

Izimpawu ze-'Mass Effect' ezibangelwa yi-'Macroadenomas' (izimila ezinkulu)

Ama-adenoma amakhulu (`ama-Macroadenoma`) abangela izimpawu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokucindezela kwezicubu ezizungezile.

Cabanga nje, uma ubeka into enkulu ekamelweni elincane, kufana nokuthi ayikho indawo eyanele yezinye izinto futhi igcwele abantu.

• Izinkinga zamehlo:

Cishe abantu abangu-40% kuya ku-60% abane-pituitary adenoma enkuluUkulahlekelwa umbono (umbono ofiphele, umbono ophindwe kabili) kwenzeka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba i-adenoma icindezela i-optic chiasm, exhumanisa amehlo nobuchopho. Lokhu kungabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono ongaphandle, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini. Kufana nehhashi elilahlekelwa umbono walo nhlangothi zombili.

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda :

Abantu abaningi abane-pituitary adenomas bakhala ngekhanda elibuhlungu njalo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokucindezela kwesimila ezicutshini ezizungezile. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ikhanda livame ukubangelwa izinto eziningi, lingabangelwa nezinye izinto.

• Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone:

Ama-adenoma amakhulu (`Macroadenomas`) angalimaza izicubu ze-pituitary gland futhi anciphise ukukhiqizwa kwehomoni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu le-pituitary. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hypopituitarism'. Izimpawu ezenzeka lapho ihomoni ngalinye lincishisiwe nazo ziyahlukahluka.

• Uma ama-hormone e-LH ne-FSH ehla (`Hypogonadism`): Amazinga e- `Oestrogen` kwabesifazane kanye ne- `Testosterone` kwabesilisa ayancipha. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokujuluka ngokweqile, ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kwabesifazane, 'Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwesitho Sangasese' kwabesilisa, ukwehla kokukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo kwabesilisa bobabili, ukwehla kwesifiso sobulili, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu.
• Uma amazinga e-hormone ye-TSH ehla (`i-Hypothyroidism`): Inani lama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-thyroid gland liyancipha. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala, ukuqunjelwa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane, isikhumba esomile, ukuvuvukala kwamalungu, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokusabela komzimba.
• Uma i-hormone ye-ACTH iphansi (`Ukungapheleli Kwezinso`): Ukukhiqizwa komzimba kwe-hormone ethi `Cortisol` kwehla. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophansi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• I-GH (Ukuntuleka Kwama-hormone Okukhula): Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngobudala. Abantu abadala bangase bakhathale futhi balahlekelwe yimisipha.

Izimpawu ze-adenomas esebenzayo

Ngaphezu kokukhipha i-hormone eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, i-adenoma esebenzayo ingabangela izimpawu nezimo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene ne-hormone ngayinye.

• Ama-prolactinoma (aziwa nangokuthi ama-Lactotroph Adenomas):

Lawa ma-adenoma akhiqiza i-hormone prolactin eningi kakhulu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperprolactinemia. Cishe ama-tumor e-pituitary angu-4 kwangu-10 kuphela alolu hlobo. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-pituitary adenoma.Uma amazinga e-prolactin ekhuphuka, ukusebenza okuvamile kwesimiso sokuzala kwabesifazane nabesilisa kungaphazamiseka.

• Ukungazali (ukungazali) kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
• Ukuphuma kobisi emabeleni ngisho noma ungakhulelwe (`Galactorrhea`).

• I-Somatotroph Adenomas:

Lawa ma-adenoma akhiqiza inani elikhulu kakhulu le-hormone yokukhula (`I-Growth Hormone` noma `I-Somatotropin`) . Cishe ama-tumor amabili kwangu-10 e-pituitary alolu hlobo. Izimpawu ezibangelwa yilokhu ziyahlukahluka ngokweminyaka.

• Abantu abadala: Kuvela isimo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Acromegaly'. Kulokhu, amathambo nezicubu zomzimba zikhula ngendlela engajwayelekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izandla, izinyawo, nekhanda kuba kukhulu, futhi isimo sobuso siyashintsha. Kuphinde kuthinte ukulawulwa koshukela egazini, kanti nemisipha yenhliziyo nayo ingakhula.
• Izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha: Kuvela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-gigantism. Bakhula ngokungavamile ngenxa ye-hormone yokukhula eningi.

• Ama-Corticotroph Adenomas:

Lawa ma-adenoma akhiqiza i-ACTH eningi kakhulu (i-adrenocorticotropic hormone) . Cishe isimila esisodwa kweziyi-10 ze-pituitary silolu hlobo. I-hormone ye-ACTH ivuselela izindlala ze-adrenal ukuthi zikhiqize ama-hormone e-steroid amaningi njenge-cortisol. Lokhu kubangela i-Cushing's Syndrome (i-cortisol eningi).

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha.
• Ukuphuka okulula.
• Imivimbo ebanzi (engaphezu kuka-1 cm) onsomi (`Amamaki Okunwebeka`) ivela esiswini.
• I-Osteoporosis.
• Ukuqhekeka kokucindezela.
• Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2.

• I-Thyrotroph Adenomas: Izimbangela

Lawa ma-adenoma akhiqiza inani elikhulu le-TSH (i-thyroid stimulating hormone) . Lawa awavamile kakhulu. I-TSH ivuselela i-thyroid gland ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone e-thyroid engeziwe. Lokhu kubangela 'i-Hyperthyroidism' (isimo se-thyroid esisebenza ngokweqile), esisheshisa ukusebenza komzimba.

• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Izihlalo ezikhululekile njalo.
• Ukujuluka.
• Ukuthuthumela kwezandla.
• Ukukhathazeka.

Okubalulekile: Kunezinye izimbangela eziningi ze-hyperthyroidism. I-pituitary adenoma iyimbangela engavamile kakhulu.

• I-Gonadotroph Adenomas:

Lawa ma-adenoma akhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-gonadotropin (okungukuthi, ama-hormone i-LH ne-FSH). Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu.

• Lokhu kungabangela abesifazane ukuthi babe nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile kanye nezimo ezifana ne-Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS).
• Amadoda angase abe nezimpawu ezifana nokukhula kwamasende, ukujula kwezwi, ukulahleka kwezinwele (ngemuva kwezindlebe), kanye nokukhula ngokushesha kwezinwele zobuso.
• Izingane zingaphinde zitholwe zisencane.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-pituitary adenoma?

Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela la ma-adenoma. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-adenoma kucatshangwa ukuthi ahlobene nezinguquko ezingahleliwe (`ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo`) kuma-gene (`i-DNA`) kumaseli ethu. Lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zibangela ukuthi amaseli e-pituitary gland akhule ngokushesha futhi akhe inqwaba. Lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo ngezinye izikhathi zingazuzwa kubazali ziye ezinganeni (ezizuzwe njengefa), noma zingakhula ngokungahleliwe ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-adenoma e-pituitary angaxhunyaniswa nezinye izimo zezakhi zofuzo ezingavamile . Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• ``I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)''
• ``I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 4 (MEN4)''
• `I-Carney complex`
• `I-X-LAG syndrome`
• "I-adenoma yomndeni ye-pituitary ehlobene ne-succinate dehydrogenase"
• `Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis`
• "Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau"

Umuntu onalesi simo sofuzo usengozini enkulu yokuthola i-pituitary adenoma. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi abantu abangenaso lesi simo sofuzo nabo bangahlakulela la ma-adenoma.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Inqubo yokuxilonga i-pituitary adenoma iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-adenoma onayo nokuthi ingabe ibangela izimpawu. Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu one-adenoma ekhipha ama-hormone (`I-Functioning Adenoma`) utholwa okokuqala enokungalingani kwama-hormone (isb. `I-Cushing's Syndrome`, `I-Acromegaly`) ngokusekelwe ezimpawini. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho i-adenoma itholakala khona lapho imbangela ihlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimo eziningi ezibangelwa ama-hormone amaningi zingaba nezinye izimbangela ngaphandle kwama-adenoma e-pituitary. Kungashiwo okufanayo ngokuntuleka kwama-hormone e-pituitary (`I-Hypopituitarism`). Ngezinye izikhathi, i-adenoma ye-pituitary itholakala `njenge-Incidental Finding` ngesikhathi sokuskena ikhanda (`Imaging Test`) ukuze kutholakale esinye isimo. Ama-adenoma amaningi atholakala kanje ngokuvamile mancane ngobukhulu futhi awasebenzi.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba ne-pituitary adenoma, uzohlola ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, bese enza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungacelwa ukuhlola amazinga ama-hormone ahlukahlukene e-pituitary.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ukuskena kwekhanda noma i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)Ukuskena kwe-`CT (Computed Tomography)` kungaveza izithombe ezicacile zezakhiwo ezingaphakathi kwekhanda. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungaqinisekisa ukuthi i-pituitary adenoma ikhona nokuthi inkulu kangakanani. Ukuskena kwe-`MRI` kuyindlela efanele futhi ebucayi kakhulu yalokhu.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo: Uma unezinkinga zokubona, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokubona. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ngoba ama-adenoma amakhulu e-pituitary angabangela izinkinga zokubona ngokucindezela i-optic nerve, exhumanisa amehlo nobuchopho.

Iphathwa kanjani i-pituitary adenoma?

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha ama-adenoma e-pituitary: ukuhlinzwa, imithi, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ngezinye izikhathi enye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela ingasetshenziswa ndawonye. Ngenxa yokuthi i-adenoma nesimo somuntu ngamunye kuhlukile, wena nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ningasebenzisana ukuze ninqume uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.

Ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-adenoma

Uma une-adenoma ebangela ukungalingani kwamahomoni noma ethinta umbono wakho, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe yonke noma ingxenye ye-adenoma. Kuye ngobukhulu be-adenoma kanye nobunzima bezimpawu zakho, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa. Odokotela abahlinzayo bavame ukwenza le nqubo besebenzisa indlela yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Transsphenoidal Surgery' . Lokhu kuhilela ukuhamba ngekhala nange-sphenoid sinus (isikhala esingenalutho ngemuva komgodi wekhala, ngaphansi kobuchopho) ukuze bafinyelele indlala ye-pituitary futhi basuse i-adenoma. Cishe ama-95% ezimila ze-pituitary asuswa ngale ndlela. Kuyinqubo ephephile. Kodwa-ke, uma i-adenoma inkulu kakhulu ukuba ingasuswa ngekhala noma isendaweni enzima, udokotela ohlinzayo angadinga ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kwe-transcranial. Lena inqubo engavamile yama-adenoma e-pituitary.

Ukwelashwa ngemithi

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-pituitary adenomas, ikakhulukazi ama-prolactinomas , zingalawulwa futhi zincishiswe ngemithi. Abantu abane-prolactinomas (lezi yizo ezivame kakhulu) baqale belashwe nge-dopamine agonist, njenge -Cabergoline (Dostinex®) noma i-Bromocriptine (Cycloset®), izinyanga eziningana.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi cishe ezimweni ezingama-80%, le mithi inciphisa i-prolactinoma futhi ibuyisele amazinga e-hormone ye-prolactin esimweni esijwayelekile.

Uma imithi ingasebenzi noma uma kuwuhlobo oluhlukile lwe-adenoma, udokotela angase ancome ukuhlinzwa.

Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana e-adenoma, ukunciphisa isimila noma ukusivimba ukuthi singakhuli.(isb. `Gamma Knife`®) Kusetshenziswa indlela ekhethekile yokwelapha ngemisebe enembile kakhulu. Kulokhu, imisebe eminingana yemisebe iqondiswe ku-adenoma evela ezindleleni ezahlukene, inciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa izindawo ezisele ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ezimweni lapho ukuhlinzwa kungenzeki khona.

Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ukwelashwa kwe-pituitary adenoma kungaba nemiphumela emibi.

• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kanye/noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe, cishe abantu abangu-60% abane-pituitary adenomas bangase babe ne-'Hypopituitarism' (ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwehomoni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu le-pituitary). Nakuba lesi kuyisimo sokuphila konke, imithi yokufaka esikhundleni samahomoni ingasiza abantu ukuba baphile impilo evamile.
• Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokuhlinzwa:
• Ukopha.
• Ukuvuza kwe-Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (uketshezi lwamanzi oluphuma ekhaleni).
• I-Meningitis (ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho).
• Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus (ukuchama ngokweqile kanye nokoma ngokweqile ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-hormone yokulwa nokukhipha isisu).
• Imiphumela emibi evamile yemithi ye-dopamine agonist ye-prolactinoma ifaka phakathi: ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, kanye nokuziphatha okuphoqayo ngezinye izikhathi.
• Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwelashwa ngemisebe:
• Ukuntuleka kwe-hormone ye-pituitary (kungenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi).
• Ukukhubazeka Kokuzala.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono kanye nokulimala kwezicubu zobuchopho (okungavamile kakhulu).
• Esinye isimila singase sikhule endaweni efanayo eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokwelashwa (okungavamile kakhulu).

Ingabe ukwakheka kwalezi zinhlayiya kungavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela ama-adenoma e-pituitary. Esikhathini esiningi, avele ngokungahleliwe. Kodwa-ke, angase ahlotshaniswe nezinye zezimo zofuzo ezingavamile okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili. Uma ilungu lomndeni eliseduze (umfowethu, udadewethu, noma umzali) linesifo sofuzo esinjengalesi, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokwelulekwa nokuhlolwa kofuzo ukuze ubone ukuthi nawe unaso yini lesi simo. Uma wenza kanjalo, udokotela wakho angakuqapha eduze futhi athole futhi aphathe noma yiziphi i-adenomas ezikhula kusenesikhathi.

Iyini inkomba yalesi simo?

Umbono we-pituitary adenoma, okungukuthi, ukululama kwakho kanye nempilo yakho yesikhathi esizayo, kuncike kusayizi nohlobo lwe-adenoma, kanye nokwelashwa okutholayo .

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, lapho i-adenoma isusiwe ngokuphelele noma ilawulwa ngokwelashwa, iziguli zingaphinde ziphile impilo egcwele nenempilo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kunganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone yi-pituitary gland. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi yokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone impilo yakho yonke ukuze ufake esikhundleni sama-hormone ancishisiwe. Ama-Adenoma angaphinde avele ngezinye izikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungadingeka ukuthi aphinde aphathwe ngemva kwesikhashana. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-18% abane-adenomas engasebenzi kanye nabantu abangu-25% abane-prolactinoma bangadinga ukwelashwa futhi esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo futhi uhlolwe njalo.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphila ne-pituitary adenoma?

Yebo, ungakwazi. Uma i-pituitary adenoma incane futhi ingabangeli zimpawu, ungaphila nayo ngokujwayelekile. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi bathola kuphela ukuthi bane-adenoma uma behlolwa ikhanda ngesinye isizathu. Kodwa-ke, uma i-adenoma iqhubeka nokukhula noma iqala ukubangela izimpawu, uzodinga ukwelashwa nakanjani. Uma une-pituitary adenoma enkulu kanye/noma esebenzayo (ekhiqiza ama-hormone), uzodinga ukwelashwa nakanjani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanye ama-pituitary adenoma angaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho kanye nekhwalithi yempilo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma ingelashwa, amanye ama-adenoma e-pituitary – ikakhulukazi ama-adenoma amakhulu (`Macroadenomas`) kanye nama-adenoma asebenzayo (`Secreting`) – angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo . Lezi zinkinga zempilo zincike kakhulu ohlotsheni lwe-hormone ekhishwa yi-adenoma (sixoxe ngalokhu ekuqaleni kwesigaba esithi 'Izimpawu'). Inkinga engavamile kakhulu kodwa eyingozi kakhulu yama-adenoma e-pituitary angelashwa yi-'Pituitary Apoplexy'. Lesi 'yisimo Esiphuthumayo Sezokwelapha'. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kukhona ukopha ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwe-pituitary gland. I-'Pituitary Apoplexy' ivame ukubangelwa ukopha ngaphakathi kwe-adenoma ye-pituitary. Isimila siyakhula ngokuzumayo, silimaze i-pituitary gland. Uma i-adenoma inkulu, kulapho ingozi enkulu yokuthola i-'Pituitary Apoplexy'. Izimpawu ze-'Pituitary Apoplexy' zivame ukubonakala ngokushesha kakhulu futhi zingasongela impilo . Izimpawu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu (njengekhanda elibuhlungu elibi kakhulu engake ngaba nalo empilweni yami).
• Ukubona kabili noma ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa ijwabu leso ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha yamehlo.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ohlangothini noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuphelele kwelinye noma kuwo womabili amehlo.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal kubangela umfutho wegazi ophansi, isicanucanu kanye nokuhlanza.
• Ukushintsha kobuntu (isib., ukudideka) ngenxa yokuncipha okungazelelwe komthambo wobuchopho wangaphambili ebuchosheni.

I-pituitary apoplexy yisimo esingavamile, kodwa sibi kakhulu. Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, shayela izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (njenge-911) ngokushesha noma ucele othile akuyise egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

• Uma unezinkinga zokubona (ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okubili, ukubona okuphansi kwe-peripheral) kanye/noma ikhanda elibuhlungu eliqhubekayo noma eliphindaphindayo (ikakhulukazi endaweni yebunzi), bona udokotela umtshele ngakho.
• Uma usuvele utholakale une-pituitary adenoma, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho njalo ukuze aqaphe isimo se-adenoma futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle.

Okokugcina, khumbula lezi zinto:

Kuvamile kakhulu ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uthola ukuthi unesimila. Kodwa-ke, izindaba ezinhle ngama-adenoma e-pituitary ukuthi ngokuvamile (angaphezu kuka-99%) awawona umdlavuza (angabi yingozi) futhi ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kungaholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu. Khumbula, udokotela wakho ungumlingani wakho ekufezeni impilo yakho engcono kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi unqikaze ukwazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu, ukungakhululeki, noma imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nokwelashwa kwakho. Ngolwazi olufanele kanye nokwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ungakwazi ngempela ukuphatha lesi simo ngempumelelo.