Ake sifunde ngeqhawe elincane ebuchosheni bethu: i-Posterior Pituitary Gland!

Umzimba wethu ufana nomshini omangalisayo kakhulu noyinkimbinkimbi, akunjalo? Sonke siyazi ukuthi konke okulo mshini kulawulwa ubuchopho bethu. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngaphakathi kobuchopho bakho, kukhona indlala encane njengethambo elincane, ekhipha ama-hormone abaluleke kakhulu alawula inani lamanzi emzimbeni wakho, abangele ukuthi isibeletho sinciphe ngesikhathi sokubeletha, futhi adale leso sibopho esimangalisayo phakathi kukamama nomntwana? Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Pituitary Gland. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngengxenye ekhethekile yayo, i-Posterior Pituitary.

Okokuqala, ake sibone, iyini i-pituitary gland?

Cabanga ukuthi umzimba wakho uyinkampani enkulu. Khona-ke i-CEO yaleyo nkampani yingxenye yobuchopho ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypothalamus. Ngaphansi kwale CEO kukhona umphathi jikelele. Leyo yi-pituitary gland. Lo mphathi ubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ulawula ukusebenza kwezinye izindlala eziningi emzimbeni.

Le ndlala ye-pituitary itholakala ngaphansi kobuchopho bakho, ngemuva kwekhala lakho, endaweni ephephile kakhulu. Ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Njengedeski lokwamukela izivakashi ehhovisi kanye nehhovisi elingemuva.

1. I-Anterior Pituitary: Lena yingxenye enkulu futhi ematasa kakhulu. Ikhiqiza futhi ikhiphe ama-hormone amaningi ahlobene nokukhula komzimba, ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, kanye nokusebenza kocansi.

2. I-Posterior Pituitary: Lona ngumlingiswa wethu oyinhloko. Mncane kune-anterior pituitary. Ayikhiqizi ama-hormone, kodwa igcina ama-hormone amabili akhethekile akhiqizwa futhi athunyelwe yi-hypothalamus, bese iwakhipha egazini uma kudingeka.

Uhlelo oluhlanganisa zonke izindlala ezikhiqiza ama-hormone, okuhlanganisa ne-pituitary gland, lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-endocrine . Lolu uhlelo olushintshana ngemiyalezo yamakhemikhali emzimbeni.

Ngakho-ke yimaphi lawo ma-hormone amabili akhethekile akhishwa yi-Posterior Pituitary?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-Posterior Pituitary ifana nendawo yokugcina impahla. Kunezimpahla ezimbili eziyigugu kakhulu ezigcinwe lapha. Zingama-hormone amabili. Zombili lezi zenziwa yi-Hypothalamus. Uma umyalezo uvela lapho ngemizwa, i-Posterior Pituitary ikhipha la ma-hormone egazini.

Nansi incazelo elula yala ma-hormone amabili kanye nomsebenzi wawo.

Cabanga ngesikhathi lapho ujuluka kakhulu futhi womile. Ngaleso sikhathi, igazi lakho liyaqina kancane. I-hypothalamus ebuchosheni iyakubona lokhu bese ithumela isignali ku-Posterior Pituitary, ithi, "Kulungile, manje faka i-ADH egazini." I-ADH bese iyahamba iyotshela izinso ukuthi, "Sebenzisa amanzi kancane, ungenzi umchamo omningi kakhulu." Yilapho inani lomchamo owukhiphayo lehla khona, nombala wawo uba mnyama. Uma umanzi kahle, kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho. Amazinga e-ADH ayancipha, futhi amanzi angaphezulu akhishwa njengomchamo. Akuyona yini indlela emangalisayo yokulawula?

Yiziphi izifo ezingahlotshaniswa ne-Posterior Pituitary?

Ngokuvamile, izifo ezinkulu ezihlobene nale ndlala azivamile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga ezithile zingavela ngenxa yokukhishwa ngokweqile (ukukhishwa okukhulu) noma ukukhishwa okunganele (ukukhishwa okuncane) kwala ma-hormone e-ADH ne-oxytocin.

1. Ukukhishwa okuncane kwe-ADH

Uma ukukhiqizwa noma ukukhululwa komzimba kwe-hormone ye-ADH kuncipha, izinso zilahlekelwa yisignali yokumunca amanzi eziwadingayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe wonke amanzi owaphuzayo aphelela emchameni wakho. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) .

Lesi simo singabangelwa ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland. Ngezinye izikhathi, akukho sizathu esingatholakala.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ukuchama ngokweqile (i-Polyuria): Ungase ukhiphe amalitha amaningana omchamo ngosuku. Kungase kudingeke uye endlini yokugezela njalo.
• Ukoma ngokweqile (i-Polydipsia): Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani, uzizwa sengathi awutholi anele. Njengoba umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi, ubuchopho bakho bukutshela ukuthi uqhubeke uphuza amanzi.
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Uma ungaphuzi amanzi anele, ungalahlekelwa amanzi emzimbeni wakho.
• Ukukhathala: Ukuvuka njalo ebusuku ukuze uchame kungaphazamisa ubuthongo bakho futhi kukwenze uzizwe ukhathele usuku lonke.

2. Uma i-hormone ye-ADH ikhula (Ukukhishwa Okuphezulu kwe-ADH)

Lokhu kuphambene nalokho okwedlule. Uma kune-hormone ye-ADH eningi kakhulu emzimbeni, izinso ziphinde zimunce amanzi amaningi emzimbeni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi kukhishwe umchamo omningi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amanzi aqongeleleke emzimbeni kanye nezinga le-sodium (usawoti) egazini libe phansi ngendlela eyingozi. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion) .

Izinto ezingabangela lokhu:

• Eminye imithi (isib., eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela kanye nesifo sokuwa).
• Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.
• Izimo ezinjengokulimala kobuchopho, izifo, noma isifo sohlangothi.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko (lezi zivame ukubangelwa amazinga aphansi e-sodium egazini):

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi ulahlekelwa yibhalansi yakho futhi usuzowa.
• Izinguquko zengqondo ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

3. Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-hormone i-Oxytocin

Eqinisweni, izifo ezibangelwa amazinga aphansi noma aphezulu ale hormone, i-oxytocin, azivamile kakhulu. Kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu.

• Uma i-oxytocin iphansi: Isibeletho singase singafinyeleli kahle ngesikhathi sokubeletha, futhi ubisi lungase lungangeni ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
• Uma i-oxytocin ikhula: Lokhu nakho akuvamile. Kungabangela ukuba imisipha yesibeletho ikhule kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ngengane ukubamba.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga nge-Posterior Pituitary?

Uma unezimpawu esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni, udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, angenza izivivinyo ezithile ukuze athole isithombe esinembile samazinga akho ama-hormone.

• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Izinto ezifana namazinga e-ADH hormone kanye namazinga e-sodium egazini zingalinganiswa.
• Ukuhlolwa Komchamo: Ungabona ukuthi umchamo wakho ujiyile noma mncane kangakanani.
• I-MRI scan: Lokhu kusiza ukuhlola noma yiziphi izimila noma umonakalo ku-pituitary gland noma i-hypothalamus.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zivivinyo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Izimo eziningi esixoxe ngazo azivamile. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona ushintsho emzimbeni wakho, kungcono ukungalushayi indiva.

Ikakhulukazi, uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela wakho.

• Uma unokoma okungenakucatshangwa futhi uchama kaningi, ngokweqile .
• Uma uzwa isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nomuzwa wokungalingani ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Uma uzizwa sengathi inkumbulo yakho ididekile futhi awukwazi ukugxila .

Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, ukubona udokotela nokwenza izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezilula kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kunenkinga noma cha. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.