Wake wazizwa into efana nesicabucabu esincane noma uthuli luntanta phambi kweso lakho ngenkathi ulele? Uzamile ukulubamba, kodwa awukwazanga, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi ubona ukukhanya okuvela ekhoneni leso lakho, akunjalo? Abantu abaningi bake baba nalokhu okuhlangenwe nakho. Namuhla sikhuluma ngalesi sipiliyoni esivamile kakhulu, kodwa esesabekayo, esenzeka njengoba sikhula, okungukuthi i-Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD).
Kwenzekani ngempela? (I-Posterior Vitreous Detachment - i-PVD)
Kalula nje, i-PVD ushintsho olungokwemvelo olwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu njengoba sikhula. Cabanga ngamehlo ethu njengebhola elincane. Leli bhola ligcwele into ecacile, efana nejeli ebizwa ngokuthi ijeli ye-vitreous . Leli jeli yilokho okunikeza iso isimo salo esiyindilinga.
Ngaphakathi kweso, odongeni olungemuva, kukhona ulwelwesi lwezinzwa oluzwela kakhulu olusebenza njengefilimu ekhamera. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-retina . Yi-retina eqoqa ukukhanya okuvela ezintweni esizibonayo, ikuguqule kube izimpawu zikagesi, bese izithumela ebuchosheni.
Uma sisebancane, ijeli (ijeli ye-vitreous) engikhulume ngayo inamathela ngokuqinile ku-retina. Kodwa njengoba siguga, njengoba nje ijeli ihlukana namanzi ngemva kwesikhashana, le jeli nayo iqala ukuncibilika kancane kancane. Bese iba ncane kakhulu ngaphakathi, inciphe kancane, bese iqala ukuhlukana kancane ne-retina odongeni olungemuva. Lokho kuhlukana yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) .
Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa inqubo yemvelo eyenzeka ngokuguga, njengezinwele ezimpunga.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ngikubona kanjani?
Uma kwenzeka i-PVD, kuvame ukuba nezimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibonakala. Lezi zingaqala ngokuzumayo.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ama-Floater | Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu. Ungase ubone amachashazi amancane amnyama, imigqa, izintambo zesicabucabu, noma izibungu zintanta phambi kwamehlo akho. Uma uhambisa amehlo akho, nawo ayantanta nawo. Empeleni lezi yizithunzi zezingcezu ezincane zejeli ngaphakathi kweso eziwela ku-retina bese sizibona. Ngezinye izikhathi ungabona into efana nendilinga enkulu. Ibizwa nangokuthi indandatho ye-Weiss . |
| Ukukhanya okukhanyayo | Ungase ubone ukukhanya okuvela ohlangothini lweso lakho, njengombani, noma ukukhanya okuvela kwikhamera, imizuzwana embalwa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba lapho ijeli lihlukana ne-retina, lidonsa i-retina kancane. Imizwa eku-retina iyabe isishukunyiswa, bese ubuchopho buyihumusha njengokukhanya. Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa ezindaweni ezimnyama. |
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu okokuqala, kubalulekile ukubona uchwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo (udokotela wamehlo) ngokushesha. Lezi zimpawu ezifanayo zingavela nakwezinye izimo ezibucayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kuyini ngempela.
Kungani i-PVD ikhula? Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuba nayo?
Imbangela eyinhloko ukuguga . Ukwanda kwe-PVD kuyanda kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engu-50. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-66% abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-65 no-85 bazoba nalesi simo. Lokho kungaba ngabantu ababili kwabathathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi:
- Ukubona Okuseduze / I-Myopia: Uma ubona okufushane (ugqoke izibuko ezinenombolo ephansi), iso lakho lide kancane kunelomuntu ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, i-retina iyanwebeka. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi ye-PVD.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-PVD ngoba ingabangela izinkinga zamehlo.
- Ukulimala kwamehlo: Uma uke washaywa kakhulu iso noma waba sengozini.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kwamehlo: Uma uke waba nezinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, inqubo ye-PVD ingasheshiswa.
Uma uthola i-PVD kwelinye iso, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi elinye iso lizoyithola phakathi nonyaka noma emibili ezayo.
Ingabe lokhu kuyingozi? Ngingalahlekelwa ukubona?
Nansi into ebalulekile. I-PVD ngokwayo ayisona isimo esibuhlungu noma esiyingozi esingabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono. Kuyinqubo yemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, inkinga iwukuthi lapho kwenzeka i-PVD, okungukuthi, lapho leyo jeli ihlukana ne-retina, inani elincane kakhulu labantu (ngaphansi kuka-15%).Kungabangela izinkinga. Lezo zinkinga ziyingozi kakhulu futhi zingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela uma zingelashwa ngokushesha.
Nakuba i-PVD ingeyona ingozi, izinkinga ezingabangelwa yiyo zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlangabezana nokuntanta noma ukushaqeka okusha, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva.
Izinkinga eziyingozi ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-PVD
| Inkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukwephuka kwe-retinal | Uma leyo jeli ihlukana ne-retina, ngezinye izikhathi i-retina ingadabuka kancane endaweni lapho inamathele khona ngokuqinile. |
| Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal | Kusukela kulokho kudabuka, uketshezi lungavuza esweni lugcwalise isikhala esingaphansi kwe-retina, lusuke ngokuphelele odongeni lweso. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha . Uma uzizwa sengathi ikhethini elimnyama liwela phambi kwamehlo akho, lokhu kungaba uphawu lwalokhu. |
| Umgodi we-macular | Iphuzu eliphakathi ku-retina, i-macula, esinika umbono ocacile nobukhali kakhulu, ingonakalisa. |
Yingakho sithi ngokushesha nje lapho unezimpawu ze-PVD, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe ukuze ubone ukuthi unalezi zimo eziyingozi.
Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela wamehlo, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvulekile .
Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi udokotela ufaka amaconsi amehlo esweni lakho bese evula i-pupil. Ngemuva kwalokho, kukhanya esweni bese kusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile ukubona i-retina ne-vitreous gel ngemuva kweso ngokucacile. Lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma ukuthi une-PVD noma yiziphi izinkinga eziyingozi engizishilo.
Akuvamile kakhulu, uma kukhona into efana negazi ngaphakathi kweso futhi umhlane ungabonakali kahle, ukuhlolwa okufana ne- ultrasound yamehlo kungenziwa.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha i-PVD?
Ngemva kokuhlola amehlo akho, uma udokotela eqinisekisa ukuthi une-PVD kuphela futhi awunazo izinkinga, khona-ke akukho ukwelashwa okukhethekile okudingekayo.
Kodwa-ke, udokotela uzokucela ukuthi ubuye emavikini angaba ngu-4 noma ayisithupha ukuze uhlolwe kabusha . Lokho kuyinto okufanele uyenze nakanjani. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi into efana nokudabuka kwe-retinal okungabonakali ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala ingenzeka kamuva. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunakekela lokho futhi.
Kukhona ukuhlinzwa kwalezo zinhlayiya ezintantayo, kodwa akuvamile ukwenziwa. Ngoba ngisho nalezo zinhlayiya zingabangela izinkinga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuchopho bethu buyajwayela lezi zinhlayiya ezintantayo bese buqala ukuzishaya indiva. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uya ngokuya uzibona.
Ngingaphila kanjani nalezi 'zinto ezintantayo' ezicasulayo?
Lezi zinto ezintantayo nezikhanyayo zingaba yinkinga okwesikhashana, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze zikusize uzijwayele.
- Hambisa amehlo akho kancane kancane emuva naphambili: Uma ubona i-floater phakathi nendawo yokubona kwakho, hambisa amehlo akho kancane kancane phezulu, phansi, kwesobunxele, nakwesokudla. Lokhu kuzosiza i-floater ukuba intante isuke noketshezi olusesweni lakho.
- Nciphisa ukukhanya: Nciphisa ukukhanya kwezikrini zekhompyutha, zefoni, nezethelevishini.
- Gqoka izibuko zelanga: Gqoka izibuko zelanga uma uphuma elangeni elikhanyayo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukubonakala kwezibuko ezintantayo.
- Gqoka izibuko ezifanele: Uma unikezwe izibuko zokubona ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kokubona, zigqoke kahle.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile futhi ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngakho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzozizwa le mizwa kancane kancane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) inqubo yemvelo eyenzeka ngokuguga, lapho ijeli elingaphakathi kweso lihlukana ne-retina. Akusona isifo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko amabala amnyama, izinto ezifana nesicabucabu (ezintantayo) kanye nokukhanya okukhanyayo.
- I-PVD ngokwayo ayiyona ingozi, kodwa inani elincane kakhulu labantu lingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu njengokudabuka kwe-retinal noma ukuqhekeka kwezicubu.
- Uma uba nalezi zimpawu okokuqala , uma inani lezinto ezintantayo landa ngokuzumayo, noma uma ubona isikrini esimnyama phambi kwamehlo akho, bheka udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo.
- Isimo se-PVD esijwayelekile asidingi ukwelashwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu zakho zizophela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuya kokuhlolwa okulandelayo njengoba udokotela wakho encoma.
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