Wake wacabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukujiya kwegazi emizimbeni yethu? Kungenxa yale nqubo ukuthi ukopha kuyayeka uma kukhona ukulimala okuncane. Kodwa, kuthiwani uma igazi lijiya ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Lokho kungaba yingozi kancane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo. Lokho kusho ukuntuleka kweProtheyini S, noma `(Ukuntuleka kweProtheyini S)`.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuntuleka kweProtheyini S?
Cabanga ngenqubo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wethu njengephoyisa lomgwaqo elilawula ukuminyana kwezimoto. Kudingeka kube nomuntu ozolawula konke. Ngokufanayo, elinye lamaprotheni abaluleke kakhulu alawula ukujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wethu yiProtheyini S.
Manje, ukuntuleka kweProtein S kusho ukuthi asinakho okubizwa ngokuthi "iphoyisa" noma iProtein S emzimbeni wethu kunalokho esikudingayo. Kwenzekani-ke? Njengoba kungekho muntu olawula inqubo yokujiya kwegazi, iba matasa kakhulu futhi amahlule egazi aqala ukwakheka ngokungadingekile.
Amahlule egazi akhiwa ngale ndlela avame ukwakheka emithanjeni ejulile yemilenze. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) . Ngezinye izikhathi leli hlule legazi lingaphuma lapho bese lihamba negazi liye emaphashini bese libhajwa. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi nakakhulu. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism (PE) . Akuvamile ukuthi la mahlule egazi akheke nasemithanjeni yobuchopho noma yesisu.
Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapha. Okusho ukuthi, akubona bonke abantu abanesifo sokuntuleka kweProtheni S abakha amahlule egazi. Iningi labantu liphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Futhi nini lapho ingozi iphezulu khona?
Ukuntuleka kwe-Protein S empeleni kuyisimo esingavamile. Esikhathini esiningi, kubangelwa ufuzo, okusho ukuthi kuyizakhi zofuzo. Kodwa kungabangelwa futhi ezinye izici zangaphandle.
Uma unalesi simo, kunezimo ezithile lapho ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuba namahlule egazi. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo zimo.
| Ithuba lokwandisa ingozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhulelwa | Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinguquko zamahomoni emzimbeni kanye nezinguquko ekujikelezeni kwegazi kwandisa ukuthambekela kwemvelo kokujiya kwegazi. |
| Ukuguga | Ingozi iyanda njengoba ukusebenza komzimba kuncipha futhi kuvela ezinye izimo zezokwelapha. |
| Eminye imithi | Ukuthatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma olunye ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, ikakhulukazi, kwandisa ingozi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, ungase ulale embhedeni isikhathi esithile, okungaphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kubangele ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi. |
| Ukulimala | Ngemva kwengozi enkulu, ukuthambekela komzimba kokujiya kunganda ngenxa yempendulo. |
| Ukuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside | Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nokuhamba ibanga elide noma ukugula okulele embhedeni zinganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni futhi zibangele i-DVT. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Esikhathini esiningi, umuntu onesifo sokuntuleka kweProtheyini S ngeke abe nezimpawu kuze kube yilapho kwakheka ihlule legazi. Uma kwakheka ihlule legazi, izimpawu zizohluka kuye ngokuthi kwakheka kuphi.
- Uma ukhula ihlule legazi (i-DVT) emlenzeni wakho:
- Ukuvuvukala komlenze owodwa, ikakhulukazi indawo yembobo.
- Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ukuqina komlenze.
- Ubomvu noma umuzwa wokufudumala esikhumbeni somlenze.
- Uma ukhula ihlule legazi (PE) emaphashini (lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo):
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo.
- Ubuhlungu esifubeni, ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula kakhulu.
- Ukuphefumula okusheshayo kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okwandayo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- Ukuphuma kwe-mucus okunegazi.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Kungase kube nokuphuphuma kwesisu noma ezinye izinkinga.
- Ezinganeni ezincane (ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu): Kungase kube nezimo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi.
Kungani lokhu kuntuleka kweProtheyini S kwenzeka?
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu. Esinye sizuzwe njengefa kanti esinye sizuzwe njengefa .
1. Izimbangela ezizuzwe njengefa
Lena yiyona evame kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kweProtheyini S emzimbeni wethu kulawulwa yi-gene ebizwa ngokuthi i-PROS1 . Uma kukhona ukuguquka noma ushintsho kulesi gene, ukukhiqizwa kweProtheyini S kuyaphazamiseka.
- Uma uzuza lesi sakhi sofuzo esiguquliwe kumzali oyedwa kuphela , uzoba nokuntuleka okuncane kweProtheyini S.
- Uma uzuze lesi sakhi sofuzo kubazali bobabili , uzoba nohlobo olubi kakhulu lokuntuleka kwaso. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
2. Izimbangela zangaphandle
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha noma izimo zingadala amazinga aphansi e-Protein S emzimbeni. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kunokufuzwa ngofuzo.
| Izimbangela zangaphandle ezingaba khona |
|---|
| Isifo sesibindi |
| Isifo sezinso kanye ne-nephrotic syndrome |
| Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali komdlavuza |
| Izifo ezithile |
| Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin K |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okukhulelwa nokuvimbela ukuzalwa |
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Udokotela wakho angase abe nokusola ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinjengalezi:
- Uma othile emndenini wakho enomlando wokuqhekeka kwegazi njalo (i-Venous Thromboembolism).
- Uma unezinhlayiya zegazi eziphindaphindayo .
- Uma uke waba nehlule legazi ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engu-50, ngaphandle kokuthola imbangela ethile .
- Uma ihlule legazi lakheke ezindaweni ezingavamile lapho amahlule egazi angakheki khona ngokuvamile (njengobuchopho, amathumbu, isibindi) .
Uma kuvela lolu hlobo lokusola, udokotela uzokwenza okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Igazi lakho lizohlolwa amazinga e-Protein S kanye nezinye izici ezihlobene nokujiya kwegazi.
2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Kuzohlolwa umzimba wonke ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izinkinga.
3. Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Sizokubuza ngezimo zakho zezokwelapha kanye nezomndeni wakho.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Indlela yokwelapha incike ekutheni une-blood clot noma cha.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, noma ngabe ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo sokuntuleka kweProtheyini S, uma ungakaze ube nehlule legazi, cishe ngeke kudingeke uqhubeke nokuphuza imithi.
Kodwa-ke, uma usuvele une-blood clot (DVT noma PE), udokotela wakho uzokuqala ngama-anticoagulant . Lawa asebenza ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-blood clot amasha kanye nokuvimbela ama-clots akhona ukuthi abe makhudlwana. Izinhlobo zemithi ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswayo yilezi:
- I-Heparin
- I-Warfarin
- I-Rivaroxaban
- I-Apixaban
- I-Dabigatran
Nakhu okufanele ukwazi: Uma udokotela wakho enquma ukukunika umuthi obizwa ngokuthi "i-Warfarin," kuzodingeka akunike umuthi obizwa ngokuthi "i-Heparin" (ngokuvamile njengomjovo) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, ngezinye izikhathi ungaba nenkinga ebizwa ngokuthi amahlule egazi esikhumbeni nasezicutshini ezithambile. Kodwa le nkinga ayiveli kweminye imithi emisha.
Ukwelashwa kwakho kungase kuthathe izinyanga ezimbalwa kuze kube impilo yakho yonke, kuye ngokuthi igazi lakho laqala nini ukwakheka kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi.
Wenzani kubantu abangenawo amahlule egazi, kodwa abanesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi?
Umgomo kadokotela ngabantu abanjengalaba ukusiza ekuvimbeleni ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi.
- Ungase welulekwe ukuthi ungasebenzisi imithi ekhulisa ukujiya kwegazi, njengamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo.
- Uma uhlinzwa, ukhulelwe, noma ulele embhedeni isikhashana ngenxa yengozi , ungase unconywe ukuthi usebenzise ama-blood thinner okwesikhashana ngaleso sikhathi kuphela.
Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?
- Uma uthatha i-Warfarin: Kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe i-INR yakho ngezikhathi ezithile.Kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuthi umthamo we-`(Warfarin)` owunikezwayo ulungile yini. Ngoba umthamo walo muthi ungadinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi: Qaphela ukuphuma kwegazi. Qaphela uma usebenzisa izinto ezibukhali njengemimese. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elithambile kanye nensingo kagesi.
- Qaphela izimpawu ze-DVT kanye ne-PE: Kufanele ukwazi ukubona izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya uma kwenzeka.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela futhi ngiye ku-ETU?
### Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha kulezi zimo:
- Uma uwa noma ubhekene nenye ingozi ngenkathi uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
- Uma kukhona ukopha okungajwayelekile (isib. ukopha ekhaleni, igazi emchameni noma endle).
- Uma usola ukuthi une-DVT (i-blood clot emlenzeni) .
### Uma unalezi zimpawu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) ngokushesha:
- Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi futhi uhlanza igazi noma ukhwehlela igazi .
- Uma ushaya ikhanda lakho noma ngokuzumayo uphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu .
- Uma kukhona ukopha lokho akukwazi ukunqandwa .
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-PE (ukugoba kwegazi emaphashini) (ukuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi).
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuntuleka kwe-protein S kuyisimo esikhuphula ukuthambekela kwegazi ekujiyeni. Lokhu kuvame ukutholwa njengefa.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo sokuntuleka kwegazi ohlushwa amahlule egazi. Iningi labantu alinazo izinkinga.
- Hlala uqaphele izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubuhlungu (DVT) kanye nokuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo kanye nobuhlungu besifuba (PE).
- Uma unikezwe umuthi wokunciphisa igazi, thatha njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile, ngomthamo ofanele, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu eziyingozi ezingazelelwe, ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha noma ukuya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).
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