Wake waphawula ukuthi izinkophe zamehlo zabanye abantu ziyagoba kancane, okubenza babukeke belele? Kungenzeka ukuthi nawe uke wabhekana nalokhu. Lokhu kungenzeka kwelinye iso, noma kungenzeka kuwo womabili amehlo. Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Ptosis . Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi 'i-Blepharoptosis'. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula nangokucacile namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Ptosis?
I-Ptosis yilapho ijwabu lakho eliphezulu liwela phansi. Kubonakala sengathi i-window shutter ivaliwe ingxenye. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi imisipha ye-levator , esiza ukugcina amehlo ethu ephakanyisiwe, ayisebenzi kahle. Cabanga ngayo sengathi le misipha ifana nentambo encane edonsa amehlo ethu phezulu. Lapho le ntambo iba buthakathaka noma iphuma ejwabu, ijwabu liyawela.
Kuye ngokuthi ijwabu leso liwohloka kangakanani, umbono wakho ungathinteka. Ngezinye izikhathi iso livalekile kancane, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, umbono ungavaleka ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenzeka esweni elilodwa kuphela, noma kuwo womabili amehlo. Ngezinye izikhathi iso elilodwa lingaba namajwabu amaningi awohloka kunelinye.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-ptosis:
Lesi simo singaba khona kokubili ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, sihlukanisa sibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
- I-Congenital Ptosis: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane yakho izalwa inalesi simo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngoba imisipha ye-levator eshiwo ngaphambilini (imisipha ye-levator) ayikhuli kahle esibelethweni.
- I-Acquired Ptosis: Lolu uhlobo oluvela lapho umuntu ekhula. Lesi simo singase senzeke lapho imisipha iba buthakathaka noma ihlukana nejwabu leso ngenxa yokuguga, ingozi, noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Empeleni, uphawu oluyinhloko ukuthi ijwabu leso libonakala ligobile. Kodwa kungase kube nezinye izimpawu eziningana ngaphezu kwalokho. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ijwabu leso eligobile | Uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu ukuthi inhlamvu yeso ingase ivaleke ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye. |
| Ukuhlikihla amehlo njalo | Ungase ulingeke ukuthi uhlikihle amehlo akho njalo ukuze uthole umbono ocacile. |
| Izinyembezi zigeleza emehlweni | Uma amajwabu amehlo engasebenzi kahle, izinyembezi eziningi zinganqwabelana emehlweni bese zivuza. |
| Ukukhubazeka kokubona | Ukubona kungancipha noma kufiphale ngenxa yokuthi ijwabu leso liwela phezu kweso futhi livimbele umbono. |
| Ukukhathala nobuhlungu obuzungeze amehlo | Ukuzama ukuphakamisa amashiya akho usebenzisa imisipha yebunzi lakho ukuze ubone kahle kungabangela ukukhathala okuzungeze amehlo akho kanye nebunzi. |
| Ukujikeleza kwentamo (izingane) | Izingane ezincane zifunda ukubheka ziphakamise izilevu zazo nezintamo zazo zibheke emuva njengoba zizama ukubona umhlaba ngaphansi kwamehlo azo. |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Izimbangela ze-ptosis ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ezinye izingane zizalwa zinalesi simo (i-congenital ptosis).
I-Ptosis eyenzeka kamuva (i-acquired ptosis) ingaba nezimbangela eziningana. Lesi simo singase senzeke uma imisipha ephakamisa ijwabu leso noma imisipha exhumanisayo iba buthakathaka ngenxa yengozi noma ukugula. Ngezinye izikhathi ingabangelwa nokulimala kwemizwa elawula ijwabu leso.
Ezinye zezimo ezingabangela i-ptosis yilezi:
- Amaqhubu amehlo (i-Stye)
- I-Horner syndrome
- I-Myasthenia gravis - Lesi yisifo esenza imisipha ibe buthaka.
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Izimila zeso
- Izifo ezithinta imisipha yamehlo, njenge-external ophthalmoplegia
Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu,Imbangela evame kakhulu ye-ptosis kubantu abadala ukuguga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba nemisipha yamehlo ethu kuyanwebeka futhi kube buthaka. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwamehlo, izinto ezisetshenziswa ukubamba iso zingabangela ukuthi ijwabu lidonse, okungasheshisa lolu shintsho.
Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Uma ingane yakho ine-ptosis yokuzalwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiphatha ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ingelashwa, ingathinta ngqo intuthuko yamehlo engane. Ingabangela neminye imiphumela emibi.
I-ptosis encane kubantu abadala ingase ingakuthinti kakhulu ukubona, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki. Kodwa-ke, i-ptosis enzima ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu uma ingelashwa.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-ptosis:
- I-Astigmatism: Ijwabu eligobile libeka ingcindezi engxenyeni engaphambili yeso (i-cornea). Lokhu kungashintsha ukuma kweso futhi kuphazamise umbono (okwenza libonakale lide futhi lishwabene).
- I-Amblyopia (noma 'Iso Elivilaphayo'): Ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokubona njenge-astigmatism, ubuchopho buqala kancane kancane ukunganaki izimpawu ezivela kulelo liso. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokubona unomphela kulelo liso. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'iso elivilaphayo'.
- Ukuma kwesilevu phezulu: Ukugcina isilevu siphezulu ngenkathi ubheka ngaphansi kwamehlo kungabangela izinkinga zentamo, imisipha yebunzi eqinile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubambezeleka kokukhula.
Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela angabona ukuthi une-ptosis ngokubheka nje ijwabu lakho eligobile. Uma womabili amehlo egobile, kungaba nzima ukubona.
Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi cishe uzokudlulisela kudokotela wamehlo. Udokotela wamehlo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo futhi angase ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe uma kudingeka.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ngalokhu?
- Ukuhlolwa kwesibani esinqunyiwe: Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenye ezibucayi zeso nge-microscope ekhethekile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa insimu yakho yokubona, okungukuthi, ukuthi ungabona ibanga elingakanani indawo ekuzungezile.
- Ukuhlolwa kokunyakaza kwamehlo (ukunyakaza kwamehlo): Ukuhlola ukusebenza kwemisipha yamehlo ngokuhambisa amehlo nxazonke.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Tensilon: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuhlola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-myasthenia gravis.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-ptosis?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni imisipha yejwabu lakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lesi simo singathinti umbono wakho futhi ungenazo izinkinga ngokubukeka kwakho, akukho ukwelashwa okungadingeka.
Kodwa uma i-ptosis ithinta umbono, ukubukeka, noma kokubili, udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoncoma ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni lesi simo sibangelwa yisifo noma sibangelwa ukuguga nje. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kwe-ptosis ebangelwa ukuguga ukuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Ptosis
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokufaka izinzwa endaweni (i-anesthesia yendawo) bese unikeza umuthi wokukwenza uzizwe ulele kancane (i-sedation). Lokhu kusho ukuthi uqaphile, kodwa awuzizwa ubuhlungu.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa:
1. Indlela yokusika isikhumba: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu esikhumbeni sejwabu elingaphezulu. Ngalo, kutholakala umsipha omncane ophakamisa ijwabu, uthungwe futhi uqiniswe, bese ijwabu liphakanyiswa. Ukusikwa kwesikhumba kuyathungwa futhi bese kuvalwa.
2. Indlela engasikwanga: Kule ndlela, udokotela ohlinzayo ugoqa ijwabu ngaphakathi bese eqinisa imisipha engaphansi. Lokhu akudingi ukusikwa esikhumbeni.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi ungawanakekela kanjani amehlo akho. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ahlolwe.
Ingabe kukhona izinkinga ekwelashweni?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, izinkinga ezincane zingavela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-ptosis.
- Ukopha okuvela enxebeni.
- Ukutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
- Ukulimala kwe-cornea yeso.
- Ukungakwazi ukuvala ijwabu leso ngokuphelele.
- I-Ptosis iphinda ivele ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukuma kwamehlo noma inani lokuphakama kwamehlo kungase kungabi sezingeni elifanayo (okuningi kwalokhu kuzozilungisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi).
Ingabe kukhona amaconsi amehlo?
Yebo. Kukhona i-eye drop evunyelwe kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Acquired Ptosis kubantu abadala. Lo muthi ubizwa ngokuthi i-Oxymetazoline . Usebenza ngokubhekisa ngqo emsipheni we-levator futhi uwuvuselele. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukusebenzisa lo muthi kusiza amehlo abo ukuba avuleke kangcono. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ugcine lo mphumela, udinga ukusebenzisa lo muthi nsuku zonke.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kwehla kwamehlo akusebenzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-ptosis, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho wamehlo ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu kulungile yini kuwe.
Ingabe i-ptosis ingavinjelwa?
I-Congenital Ptosis ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Ngoba umntwana uzalwa enaleso simo. Futhi, kunzima kithi ukuvimbela izimbangela ze-Ptosis (Acquired Ptosis) ezenzeka kamuva, njengokuguga. Ngakho-ke, kunokuvimbela lokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukubona kusenesikhathi bese ufuna ukwelashwa okufanele uma kwenzeka.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wamehlo, ezimweni ezilandelayo:
| Uzobona nini udokotela wakho | |
|---|---|
| Uma umbono uvaliwe | Uma ijwabu lakho ligobile kwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ukufunda, noma ukushayela. |
| Uma ukhathazekile ngokubukeka kwakho | Uma lesi simo sikwenza uzizwe ungakhululekile ngokubukeka kwakho. |
| Uma uphazima ngokuzumayo | Uma ijwabu elilodwa livele liwe noma liqale ukuvala, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi njengesifo sohlangothi. |
| Uma kunezinye izimpawu | Ngaphezu kwamehlo alengayo, uma ubona kabili noma uzwa ubuhlungu emehlweni. |
| Uma ingane yakho ine-ptosis | Ungalibali. Kubalulekile ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze uvimbele izinkinga zokukhula kombono enganeni yakho. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ptosis ukugoba kwejwabu elingaphezulu. Kungaba yinto yokuzalwa noma ukukhula kamuva ekuphileni.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu senzeke kubantu abadala ukuguga.
- Uma ingane ine-ptosis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba lokhu kungathinta ukuthuthukiswa kombono.
- Uma lesi simo siphazamisa ukubona noma siyinkinga ngokubukeka, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo, njengokuhlinzwa.
- Uma ijwabu leso ligoba ngokuzumayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha ngoba kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi sezempilo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu esimweni sakho.
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