Ungayithola yini i-rabies uma ulunywa yisilwane? Konke okudingeka ukwazi

Ingabe ingane yakho yaklwejwa yinja elahlekile ngesikhathi idlala egcekeni? Noma ingabe waklwejwa kancane ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi yasekhaya ngenkathi uzama ukubamba ilulwane eliwe ophahleni? Izinto ezinjengalezi zingenzeka ezimpilweni zethu. Esikhathini esiningi, asikunaki lokhu kuklwebheka okuncane. Kodwa umonakalo ongabangelwa yilezi zinto ezincane awuncane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esiyingozi esingadluliselwa esilwaneni esinjalo, esingenalo ikhambi uma sikhula, kodwa singavinjelwa ngo-100% uma usazi kusengaphambili. Lokho kungamarabi, noma njengoba sonke sazi, amarabi.

Kalula nje, iyini i-rabies?

Amarabi yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane (igciwane lamarabi - i-RABV). Sidluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe esilwane esinalesi sifo. Cabanga nje, inja enesifo samarabi iyakuluma. Igciwane elisemathanjeni esilwane lingena emzimbeni wakho ngenxeba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa uma amathe esilwane efika enxebeni eliklwebhekile, noma uma la mathe efika emehlweni akho, ekhaleni, noma emlonyeni, ungasithola nalesi sifo.

Ingxenye embi kakhulu ngalokhu ukuthi ayikho indlela yokwelapha uma izimpawu sezivele, futhi kuyabulala ngokuphelele. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi uma uthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngemva nje kokulunywa, ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zivele, ungavimbela ngokuphelele lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona. Yingakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuqaphela lokhu.

Igciwane le-rabies lisebenza kanjani emzimbeni?

Lokhu kufana nesitha esicashile. Ngemva kokuba isilwane sikulumile, leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni ngenxeba futhi alibangeli ukugula okusheshayo. Lihamba kancane kakhulu. Lihamba kancane ngemithambo yethu lize lifike ohlelweni lwethu lwezinzwa oluphakathi, oluyintambo yomgogodla nobuchopho.

Lolu hambo lungathatha amasonto, ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga, futhi akuvamile ngisho neminyaka. Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokufukamela . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngeke ubonise zimpawu. Ngeke uzwe lutho. Kodwa igciwane liyasebenza emzimbeni wakho.

Umdlalo wangempela uqala lapho igciwane lifika ebuchosheni. Yilapho-ke lilimaza khona uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi libangele izimpawu eziyingozi. Ngale kwalokho, lesi sifo asibe sisalawuleka, ekugcineni siholele ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni.

Yiziphi izimpawu abantu abazibonisayo?

Izimpawu zamarabi aziveli ngokuzumayo. Zivela ngezigaba. Izimpawu zokuqala zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane ovamile, ngakho abanye abantu bangase bazishaye indiva.

Izimpawu ze-Prodromal

Lezi zimpawu zingahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kweziyishumi ngemva kokuba igciwane lingene ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

• Kushisa kakhulu.
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile.
• Ukusha, ukulunywa, ukungazweli, noma ubuhlungu endaweni lapho isilwane silunywe khona . Lolu uphawu oluqondile kakhulu.
• Ukukhwehlela nomphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Izimpawu ze-neurologic ezibukhali

Kulesi sigaba, igciwane seliqalile ukulimaza kakhulu ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla. Lezi zimpawu zingavela ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimpawu ziyini, ekugcineni zizoholela ekukhomeni nasekufeni. Ngakho-ke ukulinda ukuthi izimpawu zivele akuwona umqondo omuhle.

Yiziphi izilwane ezidlulisela isifo samarabi?

Amarabi angathinta noma yisiphi isilwane esincelisayo (isilwane esinegazi elifudumele). Phakathi kwezilwane ezisizungezile eSri Lanka, lesi sifo sivame ukubikwa sivela ezinjeni ezizulazulayo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sikhathazeke nangalezi zilwane:

• I-Puso
• Ilulwane
• Mugatiyo
• Izilwane zasepulazini njengezinkomo nezimbuzi
• Impungushe

Kodwa khumbula, ngisho nenja noma ikati lakho lingasithola lesi sifo uma lingagonyelwanga kahle amarabi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugoma izilwane zakho ngesikhathi.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngokushesha uma ulunywe yisilwane?

Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi sihloko. Uma wena noma othile omaziyo elunywe noma eklwejwa yisilwane, yenza lezi zinto ngaphandle kokulibala .

1. Geza inxeba: Geza inxeba ngokushesha kahle ngamanzi agobhozayo (ngaphansi kompompi) ngensipho namanzi cishe imizuzu eyi-10-15. Lokhu kungasusa iningi legciwane enxebeni. Lolu usizo lokuqala olubaluleke kakhulu.

2. Bona udokotela: Ngemva kokugeza inxeba, yiya esibhedlela sikahulumeni esiseduze noma kudokotela ngokushesha. Chaza kahle ukuthi kwenzekeni. Nikeza imininingwane efana nokuthi isilwane esikulumile sibukeka kanjani, ukuthi uyasazi yini isilwane, nokuthi ngabe isilwane besiziphatha ngendlela exakile.

3. Ukufaka umuthi enxebeni: Ungafaki lutho olufana noshoki, upelepele, noma ikhofi enxebeni. Futhi, ungalibophi inxebeni. Udokotela uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

4. Ukuthola ukwelashwa: Kuye ngohlobo lwenxeba lakho kanye nolwazi mayelana nesilwane, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi udinga yini ukuthola uchungechunge lwemigomo yesifo samarabi (ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwalesi sifo/i-PEP).

Luyini uchungechunge lokugomela amarabi (i-PEP)?

I-PEP iyindlela yokwelapha enikezwa ukuvimbela isifo samarabi ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane. Inezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.

• Umuthi wokugomela amarabi: Lona uchungechunge lwemijovo enikezwa izinsuku eziningana. Ngokuvamile imijovo emi-4 noma emi-5 inikezwa ezinsukwini ezingu-0, 3, 7, kanye no-14 (ngezinye izikhathi ezingu-28). Lo mjovo ufundisa amasosha omzimba wakho ukulwa negciwane lamarabi.
• I-Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG): Lokhu kunikezwa abantu abangakaze bathole umuthi wokugomela i-rabies ngaphambili, ikakhulukazi uma belimale kakhulu. Kusebenza ngokufaka ama-antibodies enxebeni ukuze kulwiwe negciwane kuze kube yilapho umzimba wakho wakheka amasosha omzimba. Kufana nokuletha iyunithi yamandla akhethekile evela ngaphandle kuze kube yilapho ibutho lomzimba wakho selilungile.

Ungazivikela kanjani kuma-rabies?

Amarabi yisifo okulula kakhulu ukusivimbela kunokwelapha.

• Goma izilwane zakho ezifuywayo: Qiniseka ukuthi ugoma izinja zakho namakati ngokumelene ne-rabies ngesikhathi.
• Ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo zikhululeke: Zigcine ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakho ukuze uzivimbele ukuthi zingathintani nezinye izilwane ezigulayo.
• Ungasondeli ezilwaneni ongazazi: Ungasondeli ezinjeni noma emakati ongawazi asemgwaqweni, angenamnikazi, noma angenalo igama. Fundisa nezingane zakho ngalokhu futhi.
• Hlala kude nezilwane zasendle: Ungasondeli noma wondle izilwane zasendle. Uma ubona isilwane esilimele, ungasondeli noma usiphe ukudla bese wazisa izikhulu zezilwane zasendle.
• Uma isilwane siziphatha ngendlela exakile: Uma isilwane sibangela ukuphazamiseka ngaphandle kwesizathu, noma sihlasela wonke umuntu, hlukana naso. Bika lokho ezikhulwini ezifanele.
• Abantu abasemisebenzini enobungozi obukhulu: Odokotela bezilwane, abaphathi bezilwane, kanye nezikhulu zezilwane zasendle bahlakaniphile ukuthola umuthi wokugomela amarabi (pre-exposure prophylaxis/PREP) kusenesikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela noma nini ngemva kokulunywa yisilwane. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezilandelayo, iya e -Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha.

• Uma inxeba lijulile.
• Uma ukuphuma kwegazi esilondeni kungenakuvinjelwa.
• Uma inxeba lisendaweni enezinzwa eziningi, njengobuso bakho, intamo, noma iminwe yakho.

Amarabi akusona isifo okufanele sithathwe kalula. Kodwa akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela nokwenza ngendlela efanele. Ukugoma isilwane sakho ngesikhathi, ukuqaphela izilwane ongazazi, nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele ngaphandle kokulibala uma kwenzeka ingozi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela wena nomndeni wakho.