Ufuna ukwazi ngemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe? Ungesabi, ake sixoxe!

Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukulwa nomdlavuza akulula. Uma kufanele ubhekane nento efana nokwelashwa ngemisebe, kuyinto evamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi futhi mhlawumbe nokwesaba okuncane engqondweni yakho. Ikakhulukazi, ungase uzibuze ngemiphumela emibi yalezi zindlela zokwelapha, ukuthi zinjani, nokuthi zizohlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ngakho-ke namuhla, kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngemiphumela emibi engenzeka kulezi zindlela zokwelapha ngemisebe ngendlela elula ukuze uyiqonde.

Kungani lokhu kwelashwa ngemisebe kubangela imiphumela emibi?

Kalula nje, ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe enamandla aphezulu (ngokuvamile ama-X-ray) ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza emzimbeni wakho. Odokotela be-radiation oncologists (abaziwa nangokuthi odokotela be-radiation oncologists) bahlela ukwelashwa ngokucophelela. Umgomo wabo ukunciphisa umonakalo kumaseli anempilo nokwandisa umonakalo kumaseli omdlavuza.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqaphile kangakanani, ngezinye izikhathi amangqamuzana aphilile eduze kwesimila nawo angathinteka yile misebe. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, ngokungafani namangqamuzana omdlavuza, lawa maseli aphilile angalulama ngemva kokulimala yimisebe. Kodwa-ke, kungalesi sikhathi sokululama lapho ungase ubhekane nale miphumela emibi.

Kunzima ukubikezela ngqo ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi umuntu azoyizwa, noma ukuthi izoba mibi kangakanani. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukuchaza izinguquko umzimba wakho ongase uzizwe. Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela ngokuvamile, ngakho ake sixoxe ngale miphumela emibi kabanzi.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yokwelashwa ngemisebe?

Omunye wemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu yokwelashwa ngemisebe ukukhathala . Lokhu akusikho nje ukukhathala okuvamile, umuzwa wobuthakathaka ongapheli ngisho noma uphumule.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuneminye imiphumela emibi eminingana evamile:

• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba: Isikhumba endaweni ethola ukwelashwa ngemisebe singaba bomvu, sibe mnyama (kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama), amabala, ikhasi, noma ukulunywa. Siphinde sibize lesi simo ngokuthi "i-Radiation Dermatitis". Lokhu kufana nalokho okwenzeka esikhumbeni uma ushiswa yilanga.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele: Ama-follicle ezinwele endaweni ephathwa ngemisebe angase awe. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza wobuchopho noma umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo kungabangela ukulahleka kwezinwele ekhanda.
• Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli egazi: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungabangela ukwehla kwenani lamaseli egazi athile.

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukuba yesikhashana futhi izothuthuka kancane kancane ngemva kokuqeda ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ingase ihlale isikhathi eside.

Imiphumela emibi ethile yokwelashwa ngemisebe ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba

Imiphumela emibi ivame ukuxhomeka ekutheni udokotela wakho uqondisa kuphi imisebe yemisebe emzimbeni wakho, ngakho-ke izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba zingase zithinteke ngendlela ehlukile.

Uma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa ubuchopho

Uma welashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza wobuchopho, kungathinta isimiso sakho sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Lokho kusho ukuthi kungathinta indlela ocabanga ngayo, indlela izinzwa zakho ezisebenza ngayo, kanye nendlela okhuluma ngayo.

• Kungase kube nesicanucanu.
• Izinwele ekhanda lakho zingase zinciphe noma ziphume.
• Ungase uzwe ikhanda elibuhlungu noma umuzwa wokucindezeleka ngaphakathi ekhanda lakho.
• Ungase ulahlekelwe yinkumbulo, ube nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, kanye nokukhathazeka okuncane.
• Ukushintsha kombono (isib. ukubona okufiphele).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa (ukungakwazi ukuzwa okushiwoyo ngokucacile).

Ukwelashwa okufana ne-Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezimbalwa zezimila ezincane zobuchopho, kuthiwa kunemiphumela emibi embalwa kune-radiotherapy evamile, enikezwa ubuchopho bonke emavikini ambalwa.

Uma welashwa ngemisebe endaweni yekhanda nentamo

Uma kunikezwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe yokwelapha umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, umuzwa wokunambitha, wokuhogela, wokudla, nowokukhuluma ungase uthinteke.

• Umlomo owomile noma ukujiya kwamathe emlonyeni.
• Ukuhosha kwezwi.
• Izinkinga zamazinyo (isib., ingozi eyengeziwe yokuba nezimbobo).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka noma ushintsho ekunambithekeni.
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela.
• Izilonda zomlomo nomphimbo.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukukhuluma.
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso nentamo.
• Ukwehla kokusebenza kwe-thyroid (`(Hypothyroidism)`).
• Ukulahlekelwa noma ukuncipha kwezinwele zobuso (njengentshebe namadevu).
• Ukuzwa ukuqina endaweni yomhlathi.

Uma welashwa ngemisebe endaweni yesifuba

Uma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa umdlavuza esifubeni, njengomdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nomdlavuza womphimbo, kungalimaza amangqamuzana ezithweni ezisiza ekugwinyeni nasekuphefumuleni.

• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Isilungulela.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Ukukhwehlela.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Uma welashwa ngemisebe emabeleni

Uma kunikezwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza webele, ukuvuvukala noma ukwakheka koketshezi ezicutshini zebele kungenzeka. Lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi efana nalokhu:

• Ubuhlungu bebele, ukuthamba, noma ukuthamba lapho lithinta.
• Izinguquko ekubukekeni kwamabele.
• Ukuqina ehlombe noma engalweni.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele endaweni ephathwayo.
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukuqina kwebele, ikhwapha, noma ingalo (i-Lymphedema).

Uma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa esiswini nasendaweni ezungezile

Uma kunikezwa ukwelashwa ngemisebe yokwelapha umdlavuza wesisu, njengomdlavuza wesisu, umdlavuza we-pancreatic, kanye nomdlavuza wesibindi, ulwelwesi lwezitho zokugaya ukudla kanye nezokukhipha indle lungathinteka. Lokhu kungabangela:

• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza.
• Uhudo (ukuqunjelwa).
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Ukuqunjelwa kanye nobuhlungu obubangelwa yilokhu.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungahlosile.

Uma ukwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa ethangeni

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza we-pelvic, njengomdlavuza we-rectal, umdlavuza wesibeletho, umdlavuza wesibeletho, umdlavuza we-vulvar, umdlavuza we-prostate, kanye nomdlavuza wamasende, kungathinta izitho zangasese. Kungabangela nemiphumela emibi efana naleyo ebonwa ngokwelashwa ngemisebe esiswini.

Imiphumela emibi eyenza kube nzima ukuya endlini yangasese:

• Ukudinga ukuchama njalo.
• Umuzwa wokushisa lapho uchama.
• Ukuzizwa ungakwazi ukulawula ukuchama noma ukuphuma kwendle.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza.
• Uhudo.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukulahlekelwa izinwele endaweni ephathwayo.

Imiphumela emibi ethinta impilo yocansi:

• Kwabesifazane, ukulahlekelwa ukuzala kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi.
• Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, ukuncipha, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala.
• Kwabesilisa, ukulahlekelwa yikhono lokuba nezingane.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kanye nobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokukhipha isisu.

Le miphumela emibi iqala nini? Izohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe ivame ukuqala emavikini ambalwa okuqala okwelashwa . Ungase uzizwe eminye yayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela emibi iqala emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokwelashwa, noma ngisho emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Isikhathi sale miphumela emibi singahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Ngokuvamile, imiphumela emibi ivame ukwanda njengoba ukwelashwa kuqhubeka.

Le miphumela emibi ivame ukuqala ukuncipha phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokwelashwa. Imiphumela emibi evamile, njengokukhathala, ivame ukuphela phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Uma uke welashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma entanyeni, kungathatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ukuthi izinwele zakho zikhule futhi.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe ingaba isikhathi eside futhi ihlale njalo . Noma, ingaqala amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Lokhu kuncike kakhulu emandleni omthamo wemisebe owutholayo kanye nengxenye yomzimba wakho elashwayo.

Kuye ngokuthi uxilongwe kanjani kanye nohlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe olutholayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside.

Ungayiphatha kanjani imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe?

Izindlela eziningi ezisetshenziswa ukuphatha imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy, ngezinye izikhathi enikezwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, zingasetshenziswa futhi ukuphatha imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Nazi ezinye izeluleko ezijwayelekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukuphumula okwanele. Qonda ukuthi ukukhathala okuvela ekwelashweni ngemisebe akuyona into "ongayibekezelela." Thatha ikhefu uma uyidinga, bese wenza umsebenzi olula. Hlela umsebenzi wakho kanye nokuzivocavoca okulula ngezikhathi zosuku lapho uzizwa unamandla kakhulu.
• Nakekela isikhumba sakho nezinwele zakho ngokukhethekile. Uma uthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma entanyeni yakho, sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esine-SPF engama-30 noma ngaphezulu ukuze uzivikele elangeni uma uphuma ngaphandle. Geza isikhumba sakho nezinwele ngamanzi afudumele kanye nensipho ethambile, engagugi, womise, futhi ugweme ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumba equkethe amakhemikhali anamandla.
• Lungela izinguquko ekudleni kwakho. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, kungcono ukudla ukudla okuncane kaningana ngosuku esikhundleni sokudla kathathu okukhulu. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukhethe ukudla okungenamafutha amaningi kunalokho ojwayele ukukwenza. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wezokudla nokuhlela ukudla kwakho kungaba usizo kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.
• Yenza impilo yakho yengqondo ibe yinto eza kuqala. Gcina ingqondo yakho iphilile ngokulala ngokwanele nokuzama amasu okunciphisa ukucindezeleka njengokuzindla. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wengqondo noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha kungakusiza ukuthi ubhekane nobunzima bokuqonda kanye nezinselele zokuphila nomdlavuza.
• Hlela izinguquko ezingaba khona empilweni yakho yocansi kanye nokuzala. Ungadinga ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuze uphathe imiphumela emibi yocansi yokwelashwa ngemisebe. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngezinsiza ezingakusiza ukuthi uthole umntwana ngemva kokwelashwa.
• Uma kudingeka, sebenzisa imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokusiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi yemisebe. Kuye ngemiphumela emibi yakho, ungase unikezwe neminye imithi yokuvimbela.
• Uma kudingeka, funa usizo lochwepheshe. Abantu abafana nodokotela bezokudla kanye nodokotela bezengqondo bangaba izengezo ezibalulekile eqenjini lakho lokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase uzuze ekunakekelweni kokwelapha ubuhlungu. Lezi zindlela zokunakekelwa zingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zomdlavuza kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa.

Kungaba nzima ukuhlela kusengaphambili ukuthi uzolindelani lapho welashwa ngemisebe. Ngaphezu kokungaqiniseki okuhambisana nokuxilongwa komdlavuza, kunezinye izinto ezingaqinisekile, njengemiphumela emibi ehambisana nokwelashwa. Akekho ongabikezela ngqo ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kuzoba njani.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule

Kodwa, siyakwazi lokhu: Ubuchwepheshe bokushiswa kwemisebe manje sebuthuthuke kakhulu futhi bunembile kunangaphambili. Ngenxa yalokho, lobu buchwepheshe bungabulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngaphandle kokubeka izicubu ezinempilo emithanjeni eyingozi yemisebe. Ukushiswa okuncane kwamangqamuzana anempilo kusho imiphumela emibi embalwa.

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko ongase ubhekane nazo, ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwakho lokuxilonga kanye nokwelashwa. Angachaza ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi okufanele uyiqaphele, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha nezindlela zokuphatha ezitholakalayo. Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa kulolu hambo.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe , imiphumela emibi, umdlavuza, impilo, ukwelashwa, izinkinga zesikhumba, ukukhathala