Ingabe i-cartilage yakho iyancibilika? Ake sifunde ngalesi sifo esingajwayelekile (i-Relapsing Polychondritis)?

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obungavamile nokuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho, akunjalo? Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nezindlebe nekhala lakho. Lokhu kungase kungabi yizinto ezingahleliwe nje. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingavamile ukuzwakala ngaso, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngaso. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Relapsing Polychondritis . Nakuba igama liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, masiliqonde kalula.

Iyini lesi sifo?

Kalula nje, i-Relapsing Polychondritis yisifo esingavamile esithinta i-cartilage emizimbeni yethu. Okwenzekayo ukuthi i-cartilage iyavuvukala (ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, nobuhlungu) futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-cartilage iyaphela kancane kancane (iyancibilika futhi iguge). Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini le-cartilage. I-Cartilage iyizicubu ezikhethekile ezixhumanisayo emizimbeni yethu. Uyakhumbula, thinta ama-earlobes ethu, thinta ingaphambili lekhala lethu. Kukhona leyo ngxenye eguquguqukayo kancane, kodwa enamandla kulezo zindawo, okuyi-cartilage. Lokhu kutholakala ezindaweni eziningi emalungeni ethu, emphinjeni, kanye nase-trachea. Lesi sifo 'se-Relapsing Polychondritis' sithinta kakhulu:

• Ku-cartilage esezindlebeni zakho.
• Ku-cartilage ekhaleni lakho.
• I-larynx yakho (ibhokisi lapho sikhuluma khona) itholakala emphinjeni wakho .
• Umphimbo wakho (umphimbo womlomo) .

Lesi sifo sibizwa ngamanye amagama amaningana, kodwa singesezokwelapha: `I-Chronic atrophic polychondritis`, `I-Generalized or systemic chondromalacia`, `I-Meyenburg-Altherr-Uehlinger syndrome`, `I-Relapsing perichondritis`, `Isifo se-Von Meyenburg`. Kodwa-ke, igama elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-`Relapsing Polychondritis`.

Ubani ongakuthola lokhu? Kuvamile kangakanani?

Lesi simo singathinta noma ubani. Kodwa-ke, sivame ukuqala kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-60. Ngokwendlela esivame ngayo, empeleni siyisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, sithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili namashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu (285,000). Lokhu kusho ukuthi sithinta inani elincane kakhulu labantu emphakathini omkhulu. Yingakho lesi sifo kungakhulunywa ngaso kakhulu emphakathini.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela?

Umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo uthi, "Kungani lesi sifo senzeka?" Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ososayensi abakakatholi ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela i-Relapsing Polychondritis. Kodwa-ke, abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi yisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba.Manje ungase uzibuze, "Siyini lesi sifo sokuzivikela komzimba?" Kalula nje, imizimba yethu inesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Umsebenzi waso ukusivikela ezifweni ngokulwa namagciwane angaphandle. Kufana nokuba neqembu lamasosha emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa ezifweni zokuzivikela komzimba, amasosha ethu aqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile nezicubu . Ku-Relapsing Polychondritis, kucatshangwa ukuthi isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba sihlasela i-cartilage yethu ngale ndlela. Kodwa, akukacaci ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

I-polychondritis ephinde ivele ayivamile ukuba yisimo esiqhubekayo. Iyavela futhi idlule ngeziqephu noma ngokugqamuka. Uma izimpawu zivela, zingase zihlale izinsuku noma amasonto ambalwa. Bese ziyanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingaphinde zibuye eminyakeni eminingi. Izimpawu zokuqala: Kubantu abaningi, lesi sifo siqala ngobuhlungu , ukuthamba, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokubomvu endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili . Okubalulekile, lezi zimpawu zithinta i-cartilage ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlebe, kodwa hhayi i-earlobe . Ngezinye izikhathi indlebe ingase ithambe . Cabanga ngolunye usuku, umngane wakho uSunil ngokuzumayo uba nendlebe ebuhlungu, ebomvu, nevuvukele. Wayecabanga ukuthi kuyi-allergy nje. Yanyamalala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, enye indlebe yaphinde yafana. Yile ndlela izimpawu zalokhu ezingaqala ngayo ukuvela. Ezinye izimpawu:

• Ukugoba kwe -cartilage yekhala: Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ibhuloho lekhala liwe, okuholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kwekhala lesihlalo (ikhala libukeka njengesihlalo sehhashi emhlane wehhashi).
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga : Ubuhlungu bamalunga , obufana nobuhlungu bamalunga , bungase buvele.
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala .
• Ubuhlungu phakathi kwesifuba , eduze kwethambo lesifuba .
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo kanye nokubomvu .
• Uma indlebe yangaphakathi ithintekile: Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukukhala okuqhubekayo ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus) ,Izinto ezifana nesiyezi (vertigo) zingase zenzeke.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Lokhu kwenzeka uma umphimbo womoya (i-trachea) uthintekile. Ubunzima bokukhuluma bungenzeka futhi uma i-larynx ithintekile.

Okubalulekile: Ubunzima bokuphefumula bungaba bucayi, ngakho funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izimpawu ezingavamile: Lezi azibonakali kaningi, kodwa abanye abantu bangase bazibone:

• Izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo.
• Umsindo wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile (ukububula kwenhliziyo).
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Isifo sezinso.

Kuphi ? Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela. Kodwa-ke, akukho ukuhlolwa okukodwa okungaxilonga i-Relapsing Polychondritis. Okusho ukuthi, akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukodwa noma iskeni okungakutshela ukuthi "lokhu kuyi-Relapsing Polychondritis." Udokotela uzosola ukuthi unesifo uma usunezimpawu ezintathu okungenani isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, uma unenhlanganisela yezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwe-cartilage endlebeni yakho, ukuvuvukala kwe-cartilage ekhaleni lakho, kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga, udokotela wakho angase akusole lokhu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-biopsy ingenziwa ngokuthatha ucezu lwe-cartilage endlebeni .
• Kungase kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana (ukususa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha nokufuna izimpawu zokuvuvukala).

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Ngeshwa, alikho ikhambi le-Relapsing Polychondritis. Okusho ukuthi, alikho ikhambi okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi akukho lutho olungenziwa. Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokwelashwa yilezi:

• Ukuqeda izimpawu (ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala).
• Ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngemithi efana nalokhu:

• I-Colchicine: Lona umuthi ovame ukunikezwa we-gout.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Isibonelo , i-prednisone . Lena imithi enamandla enciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• I-Dapsone: Lona umuthi osetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo.
• Imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID): Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.

Uma isimo sibi kakhulu, odokotela bangase bakunike imithi efana nale:

• Imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba: Isibonelo , i-cyclophosphamide noma i-azathioprineLokhu abakwenzayo ukunciphisa umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esingasebenzi kahle.
• I-Methotrexate: Lona futhi umuthi ocindezela amasosha omzimba osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezifana ne-arthritis.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo: Uma amavalvu enhliziyo onakele.
• I-Tracheostomy: Uma umphimbo uvalekile kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kufakwe ipayipi ngqo lisuka emphinjeni liye emphinjeni.
• Izindlela zokuvula umgudu womoya:
• Ukubeka i-stent: Ithubhu elincane, njenge-stent ye-laryngeal, lifakwa ku-larynx noma ku-trachea ukuze lihlale livulekile.
• Ukwandiswa komoya: Idivayisi efana nebhaluni isetshenziselwa ukwandisa umgudu womoya oncishisiwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa ukuze kwakhiwe kabusha i-trachea noma i-larynx .

Ingabe lokhu akunakuvinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?

Njengoba imbangela eqondile ye-Relapsing Polychondritis ingaziwa , kunzima ukusho ukuthi ingavinjelwa kanjani. Okwamanje, azikho izindlela ezithile zokuvimbela .

Ingabe lesi sifo siyabulala? Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila?

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, kodwa isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abane-Relapsing Polychondritis ngokuvamile sihle . Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ama-95% eziguli asaphila eminyakeni engu-8 ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, kungabangela nezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila . Ubunzima bokuphefumula buyingozi kakhulu. Kukhona nengozi yokuzwa noma yokulahlekelwa umbono unomphela . Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka izimpawu bese uthatha ukwelashwa njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho.

Lokhu kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-Relapsing Polychondritis yisifo esingamahlalakhona . Lokhu kusho ukuthi akuyona inkinga efika idlule, kodwa yinkinga yokuphila konke . Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, unganciphisa ukuvama kwezimpawu futhi unciphise ubukhali bezimpawu lapho zenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese usungula uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele wena.

Yini enye ongayibuza udokotela?

Uma udokotela wakho ethi une-'Relapsing Polychondritis', ungabuza imibuzo efana nale ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngayo:

• "Dokotela, isimo sami sibi kangakanani?"
• "Yimiphi imithi engcono kakhulu kimi?"
• "Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ezithweni zami njengamehlo ami, izindlebe, uhlelo lokuphefumula, inhliziyo, nezinso?"
• "Ingabe kufanele ngibone abanye ochwepheshe (isib., uchwepheshe wezindlebe, impumulo, umphimbo, uchwepheshe wamalunga)?"
• "Ingabe kukhona engingakwenza mathupha ukuqinisa i-cartilage yami, noma ukunciphisa lokhu kulahlekelwa yi-cartilage?"
• "Ingabe kukhona ucwaningo olusha noma izivivinyo zemitholampilo ezenziwayo ngalesi sifo?"

Ngokubuza le mibuzo, ungazuza ukuqonda okungcono ngesimo sakho futhi uhlanganyele ngenkuthalo ekwelashweni kwakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu?

Uma une-Relapsing Polychondritis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti njalo nodokotela wakho. Futhi, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, izinguquko embonweni, noma ukuzwa , ungalindi kuze kube yi-aphoyintimenti yakho elandelayo. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu . Lezi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yizimo ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule?

Ungase ube nokuqonda okuthile ngalokho ebesikhuluma ngakho, 'i-Relapsing Polychondritis'. Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule yilezi:

• I-Relapsing Polychondritis yisifo esingavamile kakhulu lapho i-cartilage emzimbeni ivuvukala khona bese iyaphuka.
• Ngokuvamile, izindlebe nekhala kuyahlolwa, kodwa kungathinta nezindawo ezifana nomphimbo, umphimbo, kanye namalunga.
• Imbangela yangempela yalokhu ayikatholakali okwamanje, kodwa kusolwa ukuthi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba.
• Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa okuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha zokulawula izimpawu nokunciphisa izinkinga.
• Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula zingaba yingozi, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha.

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ungesabi ukubona udokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Ukuqaphela zonke izifo kuzokusiza ukuthi uphile impilo enempilo! I-Relapsing Polychondritis, i-Cartilage, Ubuhlungu bendlebe, Ukuvuvukala kwekhala, Ubunzima bokuphefumula, Ubuhlungu bamalunga, Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba, Ukuvuvukala, Izifo ezingavamile