Singakhuluma nge-stenosis yemithambo yezinso?

Ingabe unomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)? Ingabe uzizwa sengathi unobunzima bokuwulawula ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi eminingana? Noma ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi izinso zakho azisebenzi kahle ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile? Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalezi zinkinga yisimo esingakhulumi ngaso kakhulu, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngaso. Lokho kungukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi eholela ezinso, kwezokwelapha sibiza lokhu ngokuthi i-Renal Artery Stenosis.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Renal Artery Stenosis?

Kulungile, ake sikuqonde lokhu ngale ndlela. Izinso ezimbili emzimbeni wethu zifana nezihlungi ezimbili. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezinso ukuhlunga imfucuza emzimbeni egazini bese uyikhipha njengomchamo. Ukuze zenze lo msebenzi kahle, izinso zidinga ukuthola igazi elihle. Kunemithambo yegazi emibili eyinhloko ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni yethu liye ezinso. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Renal Arteries'.

I-Renal Artery Stenosis yisimo lapho imithambo yegazi eyodwa noma yomibili ethwala igazi ezinso incipha ngaphakathi. Kufana nepayipi lamanzi elivalekile ngodaka. Lapho imithambo yegazi ivaleka kanje, izinso azitholi igazi ezilidingayo. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Uma ukugeleza kwegazi ezinso kwehla, izinso zicabanga ukuthi umfutho wegazi emzimbeni wonke wehlile. Ngakho-ke zikhipha ama-hormone ukuze zizame ukwandisa umfutho wegazi emzimbeni. Lokhu kuphumela ekucindezelekeni kwegazi okuphezulu okunzima ukukulawula.

2. Ukulimala kwezinso: Uma igazi linganikezi izakhamzimba ezidingekayo kanye nomoya-mpilo isikhathi eside, amaseli ezinso aqala ukonakala. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, kungaqhubekela phambili esifweni sezinso esingamahlalakhona futhi ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Atherosclerosis . Cabanga ngepayipi lamanzi esinkini sethu sasekhishini. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezifana namafutha nokungcola ziyabhajwa kulo bese zibhajwa epayipini, akunjalo? Into efanayo yenzeka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Izinto ezingafunekiyo ezifana namafutha ne-cholesterol ekudleni esikudlayo zibhajwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi njengoqweqwe. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-plaque'. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, leli plaque liyaqongelela futhi linciphise isikhala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka emithanjeni ethwala igazi ezinso, kuvela i-Renal Artery Stenosis.

Ngakho-ke, noma yini ebangela i-atherosclerosis ikhulisa nengozi ye-stenosis yemithambo yezinso. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi lezo.

Ngaphezu kwe-atherosclerosis, lesi sifo singabangelwa nayisimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amangqamuzana odongeni lwemithambo yegazi ekhula ngendlela engajwayelekile, okunciphisa imithambo yegazi. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane.

Ziyini izimpawu? Wazi kanjani ukuthi unaso?

Nansi inkinga enkulu. I-Renal Artery Stenosis ayibangeli zimpawu kuze kube yilapho isinzima kakhulu. Kuphela lapho imithambo yegazi iba mincane kakhulu lapho izinkinga ziqala khona. Izinkinga esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso.

Njengoba ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kwehla, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni zomzimba: ikakhulukazi imilenze, amaqakala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubuso (i-edema).
• Ukukhathala kanye nokozela: Ungase uzizwe ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngenxa yokuqongelela kwemfucuza emzimbeni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: Lesi simo singabangelwa uketshezi olunqwabelana emaphashini.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokugxila, ukuphelelwa yithemba.
• Ukuchama njalo noma okungajwayelekile.
• Izinguquko zesikhumba: Isikhumba esomile, ukulunywa, noma ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?

Uma uya kudokotela wakho, angase akusole lokhu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho kanye nezici eziyingozi. Ngemuva kwalokho, bangase benze izivivinyo ezimbalwa ukuqinisekisa isimo.

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela uzolinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho. I-stethoscope izobekwa esiswini sakho, ngaphezu nje kwezinso zakho, futhi bazolalela umsindo ohlukile 'we-whoosh', okuwumsindo wegazi eligijima ngemithambo yegazi emincane.

2. Ukuhlolwa Kokusebenza Kwezinso: Amasampula egazi nomchamo ayahlolwa ukuze athole lokhu. Abheka amazinga aphezulu emfucuza efana ne-creatinine ne-urea egazini, kanye nephrotheni emchameni. Lokhu kunganikeza umbono wokuthi izinso zonakele yini.

3. Ama-Impression Scan: Lena yindlela engcono kakhulu yokunquma ngokunembile ukuthi imithambo ivaliwe yini.

• I-Duplex Ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zemithambo ethwala igazi ezinso, kuhlolwe ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani nokuthi imithambo ivaliwe yini.
• I-CT angiography (CTA): I-CT scan yenziwa ngokufaka idayi ekhethekile yokuhlukanisa emzimbeni. Lokhu kukhiqiza izithombe ze-3D zemithambo yegazi futhi kungabona ngokucacile izindawo ezivalekile.
• I-MR Angiography (MRA): Lokhu kufana ne-CTA, kodwa kusebenzisa insimu yamagnetic.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni imithambo yegazi yakho ivalekile kangakanani, uhlobo lwezimpawu zakho, nokuthi umonakalo ongakanani owenzekile ezinso zakho. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha.

1. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila

Lesi yisisekelo, ngoba kubalulekile ukulawula imbangela eyisisekelo, i-atherosclerosis.

• Ukudla okunempilo: Gxila ekudleni okunosawoti omncane, ushukela, uwoyela kanye ne-cholesterol. Faka izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele ekudleni kwakho.
• Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivocavoca okulula, njengokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Ukulawula isisindo: Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, ukwehlisa isisindo kungasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi, i-cholesterol, nesifo sikashukela.
• Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema: Lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyenze nakanjani.

2. Imithi (izinhlobo zemithi)

Kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi eminingana.

• Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi: Ama-ACE inhibitors nama-ARB yimithi esetshenziswa kakhulu. Le mithi ivimba ama-hormone anciphisa imithambo yegazi. Eminye imithi efana nama-beta-blockers kanye nama-calcium channel blockers nayo ingasetshenziswa.
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol: Uhlobo lwemithi olubizwa ngokuthi ama-statin lunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol eyingozi egazini futhi lulawula ukwakheka kwama-plaque.
• Ama-Anticoagulant: Imithi efana ne-aspirin inciphisa igazi futhi yenza kube lula ukuthi igazi ligeleze emithanjeni emincane.
• Ama-diuretics: Lawa asiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi ngokukhipha amanzi nosawoti omningi emzimbeni ngomchamo.

3. Ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo

Uma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kukhulu ngokwanele ukuthi akunakulawulwa ngemithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, noma uma ukusebenza kwezinso kwehla ngokushesha, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa.

• I-Angioplasty kanye ne-Stenting: Lena yindlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu. Kule nqubo, ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) lidluliselwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni noma engalweni liye emthanjeni wezinso ovalekile. Ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni kwepayipi liyafuthwa ukuze kwandiswe indawo evalekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, ipayipi elincane elifana ne-mesh (i-stent) lifakwa emthanjeni ukuze lingavaleki futhi.
• I-Renal Artery Bypass: Njenge-heart bypass, le nqubo ihilela ukudala indlela entsha yegazi yokudlula umthambo ovalekile. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ucezu lomthambo wegazi oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba noma ipayipi lokwenziwa.
• Ukususwa Kwezinso: Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa evula umthambo wegazi futhi isuse i-plaque eqongeleleke ngaphakathi.

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?

Uma wazi ukuthi une-Renal Artery Stenosis, noma uma unesifo sezinso, futhi uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo , bona udokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.

Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusibona kusenesikhathi bese ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela. Uma wenza kanjalo, unganciphisa umonakalo ezinso zakho futhi uphile impilo evamile.