Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela noma ingane yakho ukuthi unenkinga yezinso, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekutshela igama elide neliyinkimbinkimbi njenge-'Complement 3 Glomerulopathy'. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-'C3G' ngamafuphi. Lesi yisifo sezinso esingavamile. Nakuba lesi simo sithinta kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha, empeleni singakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-C3G, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane, ngendlela elula kakhulu.
Iyini le C3G?
Kalula nje, i-C3G isifo sezinso esibangelwa "uhlelo lokuhambisana", oluyingxenye yesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela, esingasebenzi kahle. Lolu hlelo lokuhambisana lufana nebutho lamaphoyisa elilwa namagciwane namagciwane angena emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one-C3G, ukusebenza kwalolu hlelo kuyaphazamiseka, bese kuqala ukulimaza izinso zakhe.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo se-C3G:
1. Isifo Sokubanda Okukhulu (i-DDD)
2. I-C3 Glomerulonephritis (C3 Glomerulonephritis - C3GN)
Zombili izinhlobo zingabangelwa yizimbangela zofuzo (mhlawumbe ezizuzwe njengefa) noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphila.
Yini ebangela lokhu? Kwenzekani ezinso?
Cabanga ngezinso zethu njengezihlungi zetiye. Lezi zihlungi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-glomeruli . Lezi yizo ezihlunga igazi lethu, zilihlanze, futhi zisuse imfucuza engafuneki ngomchamo.
Esifweni se-C3G, ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulunywe ngakho ohlelweni lokugcwalisa kulimaza lezi zihlungi ezithambile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-glomeruli. Uma kwenzeka lokhu kulimala, izimbobo ezikulesi sihlungi ziyanda, futhi amaprotheni, kanye namaseli egazi abomvu namhlophe, okufanele abe segazini, aqala ukuvuza emchameni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo unganda futhi uholele nasekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi i-DDD ithinta abantu abasebasha kune-C3GN.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo se-C3G?
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-C3G ozoba nezimpawu ezifanayo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Iphrotheni emchameni (i-Proteinuria) | Iphrotheni eningi kakhulu emchameni. Umchamo ungaba negwebu, ube namafu, noma ube mnyama. Uma lesi simo sibi kakhulu (i-nephrotic syndrome), kungase kube nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala. |
| Igazi emchameni (i-Hematuria) | Ukulimala kwezihlungi zezinso kubangela ukuthi amaseli abomvu egazi aqoqeke emchameni. Umchamo ungase ube bomvu, upinki, noma ube nsundu. |
| Ukuvuvukala | Ngenxa yokuthi izinso azisebenzi kahle, uketshezi luyaqoqana emzimbeni, okubangela ukuvuvukala emilenzeni, ezandleni, emaqakaleni, nasemaceleni kwamehlo. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni yegazi ngenxa yokungasuswa kahle koketshezi ezinso. |
| Ukukhathala kanye nokulala | Ngenxa yokuthi izinso azihlungi kahle imfucuza, ziqoqana egazini. Lokhu kungathinta ubuchopho futhi kubangele ukukhathala, ukozela, kanye nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. Isifo sezinso singadala ne-anemia, okungakhulisa nokukhathala. |
| Ukutheleleka Okuvamile | Uhlelo olubuthakathaka lokugcwalisa umzimba lunciphisa ikhono lomzimba lokulwa namagciwane, okungaholela ekuthelelekeni njalo. |
| Izinkinga Zamehlo | Ukukhubazeka kokubona kungenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamaprotheni namafutha (drusen) ku-retina. |
| Ukufakwa kwamafutha ngokungajwayelekile esikhumbeni (i-Acquired partial lipodystrophy) | Ukubhujiswa kwamaseli amafutha yisistimu yokugcwalisa kungabangela ukuthi ezinye izindawo zomzimba zibe zincane, kanti ezinye izindawo zingaba zinkulu futhi zibe namafutha amaningi agciniwe. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukuqwasha, isikhumba esomile nesilumayo, ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni, kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwemisipha ebusuku kungenzeka ekuhlulekeni kwezinso .
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi isifo se-C3G singakanani ngempela ukwenza i-biopsy yezinso . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu zezinso ngaphansi kwe-anesthetic elula bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi izinso zinomonakalo ongakanani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kanye nokuhlolwa kofuzo.
Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?
Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi engqondweni yakho. Xoxa ngalezi zinto ngokucacile nodokotela wakho. Isibonelo:
- Ngithole kanjani i-C3G?
- Uhlobo luni lwe-C3G enginalo? (i-DDD noma i-C3GN?)
- Yiziphi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuphatha impilo yami ngalesi sifo?
- Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
- Yini engingayilindela esikhathini esizayo ngalesi sifo?
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, akukho ukwelashwa okukodwa okungase kwelaphe ngokuphelele isifo se-C3G okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingalawula lesi sifo, zinciphise izimpawu, futhi zinciphise ukulimala kwezinso.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi kanye nokukhishwa kwamaprotheni: Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi (i-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors kanye ne-Angiotensin II type-1 receptor blockers (ARBs)) inganciphisa ukukhishwa kwamaprotheni emchameni futhi inciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
- Ukulawulwa kwe-cholesterol: Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu (i-hyperlipidemia), ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol ingasiza ekulawuleni ukubhebhetheka kwesifo se-C3G.
- Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba: Inhlanganisela yemithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba, njenge-glucocorticoids kanye ne-mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), ingavimbela ukubuyela emuva kwezinye iziguli.
- Ukwelashwa kwanamuhla: Imithi yokulwa nokuhambisana njenge-`eculizumab` ingalawula ukusebenza kohlelo lokuhambisana futhi inciphise ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi omusha obizwa ngokuthi i-`iptacopan` usafundwa njengamanje. Ubonise imiphumela ethembisayo kakhulu, ngakho-ke uvunyelwe ukusheshisa ucwaningo ngawo.
Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?
Njengemithi, indlela ozinakekela ngayo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
- Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla izithelo eziningi, imifino, ubhontshisi, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele. Nciphisa amafutha agcwele, usawoti, noshukela. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi unciphise ukudla kwakho i-potassium, i-sodium (usawoti), noma i-phosphate. Ungalokothi wenze noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwakho ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
- Nakekela impilo yakho: Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile, thatha imithi yakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele. Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungakusiza ulale kangcono, kukhulise amandla akho, futhi kunciphise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nohlelo lokuzivocavoca olukufanele.
- Gwema ukubhema: Lokhu kuhle kakhulu empilweni yakho iyonke.
- Nciphisa utshwala: Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuphuza utshwala bese ucela iseluleko.
Yini esingayilindela esikhathini esizayo?
Uma usutholakale unesifo se-C3G, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthola uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu. Cishe abantu abangu-50% abane-C3G banesifo sezinso esisesigabeni sokugcina (ESRD) zingakapheli iminyaka eyi-10 bexilongiwe. Kuleli qophelo, ikhono lezinso lokususa imfucuza liyaphela ngokuphelele. Kungadingeka i-Dialysis noma ukufakelwa kwezinso .
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokufakelwa izinso, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi isifo se-C3G sizophinde sivele enso entsha. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho kabanzi mayelana nenketho engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lingafaka phakathi udokotela wezinzwa, udokotela wezinzwa, kanye nodokotela wezifo. Kubalulekile ukugcina ubuhlobo obuhle nabo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-C3G yisifo sezinso esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu esibangelwa ukukhubazeka ohlelweni lokugcwalisa, oluyingxenye yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko zingase zihlanganise iphrotheni noma igazi emchameni, ukuvuvukala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nokukhathala.
- Lesi sifo sitholakala ngokuqinisekile ngokuhlolwa kwezinso.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lalokhu, lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi izinso zingavikelwa ngokulawula umfutho wegazi, imithi elawula amasosha omzimba, kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha futhi ulandele imiyalelo yabo ngqo.
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