Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awufaneleki? Ngisho nomsindo omncane ungakuphazamisa, kodwa ungagxila entweni oyithandayo amahora amaningi. Ingabe uke ucabange ukuthi, "Yimi lo, akunjalo?" uma ubona izinto ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ? Ungase ube ne-autism kanye ne-ADHD. Lesi yisimo abantu abaningi abanaso. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngaso ngendlela elula neqondile.
Kalula nje, iyini i-AuDHD?
I-AuDHD akuyona into yokuxilonga esemthethweni yezokwelapha. Kodwa yigama izazi zengqondo nabacwaningi manje ezilithatha ngokungathi sína kakhulu. Kalula nje, uma umuntu ene -Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) kanye ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) , igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza lowo muntu yi-AuDHD (Autism + ADHD).
Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi abanye abantu bathi, "Ngingu-AuDHD" kunokuba bathi "Ngine-AuDHD." Isizathu salokhu ukuthi lezi zimo azibhekwa njengesifo sobuchopho, kodwa njengokwehlukahluka kwemvelo (ukwehlukahlukana kwemizwa) ebuchosheni bomuntu. Okusho ukuthi, lokhu akuyona inkinga edinga ukulungiswa, kodwa nje umehluko endleleni abanye abantu abacabanga, abazizwa ngayo, nababona ngayo umhlaba.
Cabanga nje, kuze kube ngu-2013, odokotela babengavunyelwe ukuxilonga umuntu one-autism kanye ne-ADHD ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa manje leyo mithetho isishintshile. Ngoba ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi lezi zimo ezimbili zivame ukuhambisana.
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-AuDHD?
Akekho owazi imbangela eqondile yalokhu okwamanje. Kodwa kokubili i-autism kanye ne-ADHD yizimo zokukhula kwemizwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azikhuli zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa lapho umuntu emdala, kodwa ziqala ukubonisa izimpawu ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni. Ungase ungakuqapheli lokhu uze ube neminyaka engama-30 noma engama-40, kodwa kuvela ebuntwaneni.
Isici esiyinhloko izakhi zofuzo. Zombili lezi zimo zingazuzwa njengefa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngemva kokuba ingane yakho itholakale ine-autism noma i-ADHD, ungase ubheke uhlu lwezimpawu bese ucabanga ukuthi, "Oh my... yimina nje lowo." Abantu abadala abaningi baqala ukucwaninga ngesimo sabo ngemva kokuxilongwa kwengane yabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izici ezingathinta:
- Izinguquko esakhiweni sobuchopho, ekuthuthukisweni, noma ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali.
- Ukuchayeka ebuthi obungokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha.
- Impilo kamama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ukuzalwa kusenesikhathi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe.
- Ukungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele ebuchosheni ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akulona iphutha lakho. Lolu ushintsho olungokwemvelo olugxile ebuchosheni bakho kusukela ngesikhathi uzalwa.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwe-autism ne-ADHD:
- Abantu abangu-50% - 70% abane- autism nabo banezimpawu ze-ADHD.
- 15% - 25% wabantu abane-ADHD babonisa izimpawu ze-autism.
Kungani lokhu kungazange kuqashelwe isikhathi eside kangaka?
Ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi emazweni ethu, kuba nokubambezeleka ekutholeni lezi zimo. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:
- Izivivinyo ezindala: Esikhathini esidlule, izivivinyo ezaziklanyelwe ukuhlonza i-autism ne-ADHD zazenzelwe abafana ababephazamisa kakhulu futhi bevelele. Ngakho-ke, babephuthelwa yilabo ababefihla/befihla ukungezwani kwabo futhi bezama ukuhambisana nomphakathi, ikakhulukazi amantombazane.
- Izinguquko empilweni: Izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu njengoba imithwalo yemfanelo yakho yempilo ikhula. Isibonelo, ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile kakhulu lapho uqala ukusebenza, ushada, uba nomntwana, noma uqala ukuhlala wedwa.
- Imibono Engalungile: Abanye bangase baqonde izinguquko zakho kabi ngokuthi “ubuvila,” “ukuzikhukhumeza,” noma “ukwenza ngamabomu.”
Ziyini izimpawu ze-AuDHD?
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo wonke umuntu kuhlukile. Kodwa kunezici ezivamile ezihlobene ne-autism kanye ne-ADHD. Njengomuntu one-Autism ADHD, ungase ube nalezi zimpawu ezingqubuzanayo. Kungaba ukudideka okukhulu. Ake sibheke lezi zimpawu ngokucacile etafuleni.
| Izimpawu ezihlobene ne-autism | Izimpawu ezihlobene ne-ADHD |
|---|---|
| Ukungathandi ukukhuluma okuncane, ubunzima bokuqonda imithetho yomphakathi engakhulunywa. | Ubunzima bokuhlala ugxile, noma ukungakwazi ukukhetha ukuthi yini ozogxila kuyo. |
| Ukuphinda into efanayo (isb., ukuthepha ngomunwe, ukushwiba). | Ukuzizwa ungahlaliseki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ungakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa (ukungakhululeki). |
| Ukungakwazi ukubekezelela imisindo ethile, ukukhanya, iphunga, kanye nokuthinta (Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwemizwa). | Ukukhuluma konke ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokucabanga, enikeza imininingwane eminingi kakhulu. |
| Izintshisekelo ezikhethekile. | Ukukhohlwa izinsuku, ukulahlekelwa yimpahla, ukulahlekelwa yisikhathi. |
| Indlela umuntu one-AuDHD (zombili) azizwa ngayo | |
| • Unenkinga yokuqala noma ukuqeda umsebenzi, noma ngabe kuyinto oyithandayo ngempela. (Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwabaphathi) • Ngidinga ukukhuthazwa ukuze ngigxile, kodwa nginqotshwa ngisho yinto encane kakhulu. • Udinga isimiso sosuku, kodwa ukwenza into efanayo kuyashesha ukuba yisicefe. • Uthule kakhulu phambi kwabantu angabazi, kodwa ukhuluma kakhulu nabantu abathembekile kakhulu. • Ngisho noma uya emcimbini wokuzijabulisa (iphathi/umshado) futhi uzijabulise, uzizwa ukhathele lapho ufika ekhaya. | |
Ukuphila nemizwa enjalo ephikisanayo kungaholela ezimweni ezinjengokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka.
Ukubona kanjani lokhu ngendlela efanele?
Uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, ungenzi izinqumo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho (uDokotela Wokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko). Vula indlela ozizwa ngayo, indlela obhekene ngayo nosuku lwakho, nokuthi ubhekene nani nobunzima empilweni.
Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:
- "Dokotela, ingabe ngine-ADHD, i-autism, noma okunye?"
- "Kungani ngingakwazi ukubekezelela imisindo ethile namaphunga athile?"
- "Ungangithumela kuchwepheshe ngalokhu?"
Udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zengqondo noma kudokotela wezifo zengqondo. Ukuhlolwa okugcwele kungafaka:
- Ukukhuluma ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezinselele zamanje.
- Ukugcwalisa imibuzo.
- Ukukhuluma namalungu omndeni akwazi kahle.
- Ukuhlolwa okukala ukucabanga, inkumbulo, nokuqonda komphakathi.
Ungathola umbono othile ekuzihloleni okutholakala ku-inthanethi, njenge-'Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ)' noma i-'ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).`Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ayikwazi ukunquma ukuthi une-AuDHD yini. Lokhu kudinga ukuxilongwa okuqondile okuvela kudokotela oqeqeshiwe.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-AuDHD?
Akukho ukwelashwa okukodwa okuthi, "Lokhu kuyikhambi." Indlela ephumelela kakhulu ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezokwelapha ezikusebenzelayo.
- Imithi: Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-autism, imithi ingasiza ngezimpawu ezihambisana ne-ADHD, njengokunganaki nokungahlaliseki. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-autism bangase bazwele kakhulu emiphumeleni emibi yemithi ethile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese uzama imithi embalwa ehlukene ukuze uthole imithi efanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena.
- Ukwelapha: Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha angakusiza ukuphatha imizwa yakho futhi uxazulule izinkinga zakho. Izindlela ezifana ne-'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)' kanye ne-'Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)' zisebenza kahle kakhulu.
- Izinguquko endaweni ezungezile: Mhlawumbe impumuzo enkulu ivela ekushintsheni indawo okuyo kunokuzishintsha wena. Isibonelo:
- Ukusebenzisa ama-headphone aqeda umsindo ezindaweni ezinomsindo.
- Sebenzisa izikhumbuzo ezibonakalayo (amakhalenda, uhlu) ukuze ugweme ukukhohlwa imisebenzi.
- Ukujwayela ukuthi "cha" ezimweni zomphakathi ezikwenza ukhathale.
- Ukucela indawo yokuhlala edingekayo endaweni yokusebenza noma esikhungweni semfundo.
Ungaphila kanjani ngenjabulo ne-AuDHD?
Ukuphila kahle ne-AuDHD akukhona "ukukwenzela" lokho. Kumayelana nokwakha impilo yakho ebuchosheni bakho . Uma uqonda ukuthi ingqondo yakho isebenza kanjani, ungakha amasu, imingcele, kanye nemikhuba eyisekelayo.
Khumbula, ubuchopho bakho "abulungile." Bumane "buhlukile." Uma uhlonipha lowo mehluko futhi uqala ukuphila ngokuvumelana nawo, impilo iba lula kakhulu.
Ungazama lezi zinto:
- Gcina irekhodi lokuthi amandla akho, ukugxila, kanye nemizwa yakho kushintsha kanjani usuku lonke.
- Zinike isikhathi sokuphumula (isikhathi sokululama) ngemva komcimbi wokuzijabulisa, njengephathi noma umshado.
- Dala imikhuba ekwenza uzizwe uphephile.
- Yenza isikhathi esengeziwe sezinto ozithandayo nezikulethela injabulo.
- Khuluma nabantu abake baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nawe. Amaqembu okusekelana aku-inthanethi nawo ayindawo enhle yokwenza lokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-AuDHD yigama elichaza umuntu one-autism kanye ne-ADHD.
- Lolu ushintsho lokukhula kwezinzwa olwenzeka lapho uzalwa, futhi akulona iphutha lakho noma isifo esidinga ukulungiswa.
- Izimpawu zingaphikisana (isib., ukufuna ukuhlela izinto kodwa usheshe ukhathale). Ngakho ungazizwa unecala ngakho.
- Uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela noma kudokotela wezifo zengqondo oqeqeshiwe, kunokuthembela kuphela ku-inthanethi.
- Ukwelashwa akukhona "ukukulungisa", kodwa mayelana nokulungisa impilo yakho nendawo ezungezile ukuze ivumelane nokusebenza kobuchopho bakho.
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