Akekho kithi ocabanga kakhulu "ngamathe" ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, akunjalo? Sicabanga ngakho njengento nje esemilonyeni yethu. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngaphandle kwala mathe, ubungeke ukwazi ukudla, ukukhuluma, noma ukunambitha ukudla? Amathe empeleni awuketshezi olumangalisayo oludlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngqo, futhi kalula, namuhla.
Yiziphi izinzuzo ezinkulu ezinikezwa amathe emzimbeni wethu?
Amathe awawona amanzi amancane nje. Asiza kakhulu empilweni yethu yomlomo kanye nempilo yethu iyonke. Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izinkinga esingabhekana nazo ukube besilahlekelwa amathe.
Kalula nje, amathe ayisivikelo semvelo emilonyeni yethu futhi yiwona oqala isinyathelo sokuqala enkambisweni yokugaya ukudla.
Nazi ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko ezenzeka ngamathe.
| Umsebenzi owenziwe ngamathe | Incazelo nje |
|---|---|
| Ukugcina umlomo nomphimbo kumanzi | Amathe yiwo agcina izihlathi zethu, ulimi, nezindebe zethu zinganamatheli ndawonye, okusenza sikwazi ukukhuluma kalula. Asebenza futhi njengesithambisi esivikela amagciwane. |
| Ukwenza kube lula ukuhlafuna nokugwinya ukudla | Amathe ayamanzisa ukudla esikudlayo, akubumbe kube yibhola elincane (i-bolus) futhi akusize ukuthi kuhambe emphinjeni. Ngaphandle kwamathe, ukugwinya ukudla kungaba nzima kakhulu. |
| Ukuqala ukugaya ukudla | I-enzyme i-amylase etholakala ematheni iqala inqubo yokugaya ukudla okunesitashi esikudlayo (njengesinkwa nelayisi) emlonyeni. |
| Ukuvikelwa ezifweni | Izinto ezifana ne-lysozyme ematheni zibhubhisa amabhaktheriya ayingozi emlonyeni futhi zilawula amagciwane omlomo. |
| Ukuvikela amazinyo | Amathe ahlanza izinhlayiya zokudla ngemva kokudla. Aphinde ahlinzeke nge-calcium (i-Calcium hydroxyapatite) emazinyweni. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokubola kwamazinyo nesifo sezinsini . |
| Ukulinganisela i-pH yomlomo | Ubumuncu bezinto esizidlayo nesiziphuzayo buyahlukahluka. Amathe agcina i-pH (ubumuncu/i-alkaline) yomlomo ngezinga elithile. |
| Kusiza ukunambitha | Ukuze ulimi lwethu lunambithe ukudla okomile, kudingeka lube manzi. Lowo mswakama utholakala ngamathe. |
Amathe la avelaphi?
Amathe akhiqizwa yizindlala zamathe emlonyeni wethu nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Amathe akhiqizwa yizindlala angena emlonyeni ngamapayipi amancane (imigudu). Sinezindlala ezintathu eziyinhloko zamathe.
- Izindlala ze-Parotid: Lezi yizindlala ezinkulu kakhulu zamathe. Zitholakala phambi kwezindlebe, ezihlathini. Zikhipha amathe emlonyeni eduze kwamazinyo angaphezulu.
- Izindlala ezingaphansi kolimi: Lezi zitholakala ngaphansi kolimi.
- Izindlala ezingaphansi komhlathi: Lezi zitholakala ngaphansi komhlathi ongezansi. Amathe avela kulezi zindlala aphuma aye emlonyeni ngaphansi kolimi.
Lezi zindlala ezintathu eziyinhloko zikhiqiza u-90% wamathe ethu. U-10% osele ukhiqizwa amakhulu ezindlala ezincane zamathe ezitholakala emlonyeni wonke. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu omdala ukhiqiza amalitha angu-0.5 kuya kwangu-1.5 amathe ngosuku.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kulawulwa kanjani?
Ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kulawulwa uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluzimele (i-ANS). Asikwazi ukulawula lokhu ngamabomu, kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izingxenye ezimbili zalolu hlelo zithinta ukukhiqizwa kwamathe.
1. Uhlelo lwezinzwa oluzwelana
Yilokhu okusilungiselela izimo eziphuthumayo, ukwesaba, kanye nokucindezeleka. Kufana nokusabela "kokulwa noma ukubaleka". Uma lolu hlelo lusebenza, kukhiqizwa amathe aqinile nanamathelayo.Yingakho uzizwa sengathi umlomo wakho womile uma wesaba, ukhathazekile, noma uhlolwa.
2. Isistimu yezinzwa ye-Parasympathetic
Lolu hlelo lwenza okuphambene nezinye izinhlelo. Yilona olusigcina sizolile futhi sikhululekile. Lubizwa ngokuthi "ukuphumula nokugaya." Uma lolu hlelo lusebenza, lukhiqiza amathe amanzi. La mathe amanzi yiwo asisiza sidle futhi sigwinye ukudla.
Futhi, ezinye izinto zansuku zonke zingashintsha ukukhiqizwa kwamathe:
- Uma udla into emuncu: Cabanga udla ucezu lwemango kanye ne-lime encane. Umlomo wakho uqala ukukhithiza amathe, akunjalo? Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ukudla okumuncu kugcwele i-asidi. Umzimba ukhiqiza amathe amaningi ukuze unciphise leyo acid futhi uvikele amazinyo akho.
- Uma ngicabanga ngokudla: Ngisho nokucabanga ngokudla okumnandi kwenza umlomo wami uzizwe umanzi.
- Imini nobusuku: Ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kuphezulu emini, kodwa ebusuku, lapho silele, ukukhiqizwa kwamathe kwehla kakhulu. Lokhu kucatshangwa ukuthi kuhlobene nomjikelezo wansuku zonke wemizimba yethu (isigqi se-Circadian).
Yimiphi imibuzo evamile mayelana namathe?
Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imithi, kanye nokwelashwa kungashintsha inani kanye nohlobo lwamathe akhiqizwayo. Kunezinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukungabi namathe amaningi kanye nokungabi namathe amaningi. Kulezi, ukungabi namathe amaningi kakhulu yikona okuvame kakhulu.
Ukungabi namathe nomlomo owomile
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hyposalivation'. Uphawu oluvela kulokhu umlomo owomile `(Xerostomia).` Uma amathe enganele, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
| Izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa yokuncipha kwamathe | |
|---|---|
| Umoya omubi (i-Halitosis) | Ukungakhululeki komlomo nomphimbo kanye nobuhlungu |
| Ukwanda kokubola kwamazinyo kanye nesifo sezinsini | Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya ukudla |
| Ubunzima bokugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa | Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka ngomlomo |
Yiziphi izimbangela zomlomo owomile?
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha:Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni), isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa kahle, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-HIV, i-Sjögren's syndrome, izifo ezibangelwa amasosha omzimba njenge-lupus.
- Imithi: Imithi yokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, imithi yokungezwani komzimba (ama-antihistamine), eminye imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu, eminye imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi (ama-beta-blockers), kanye ne-chemotherapy yomdlavuza kungabangela umlomo owomile.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe, ikakhulukazi yomdlavuza wekhanda nentamo, kungalimaza izindlala zamathe futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kwamathe.
Ukwanda kwamathe
Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hypersalivation' noma 'i-Sialorrhea'. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindlala zamathe zikhiqiza amathe amaningi kunokudingekile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuza amathe. Izingane ezincane ziyavuza amathe ngoba azikwazi ukulawula imisipha yomlomo wazo kahle.
Ukuthelwa amathe ngokweqile kungabangela izilonda ezibuhlungu neziqhekekile emakhoneni omlomo (i-Angular cheilitis). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, la mathe amaningi angangena emigudwini yomoya futhi abangele izimo ezifana ne-aspiration pneumonia.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokwanda kwamathe?
- Imigodi engalashwanga: Ukubola kwamazinyo kubangela ukuthi amabhaktheriya akhule emlonyeni. Umzimba ungase ukhiqize amathe amaningi ngomzamo wokukhipha la mabhaktheriya.
- I-Gastritis (GERD): Uma i-asidi yesisu ingena emphinjeni, umzimba ukhiqiza amathe amaningi ukuvikela umlomo kuleyo asidi.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Uma usuzohlanza, izindlala zakho zamathe zikhiqiza amathe amaningi ukuvimbela i-asidi yesisu ukuthi ingonakalisi umlomo wakho.
- Ukukhulelwa: Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinguquko zamahomoni kanye nesicanucanu kungakhuphula okwesikhashana ukukhiqizwa kwamathe.
- Imithi ethile: Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zengqondo (isib. i-Clozapine) ingabangela ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwamathe njengomphumela ongemuhle.
Ingabe kufanele ngibone udokotela ngento efana nale?
Yebo, impela. Uma unomlomo owomile noma ukuqunjelwa amathe okuqhubekayo, ungakushayi indiva. Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Angakuhlola futhi athole ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu. Kungaba umuthi owuthathayo, noma kungaba uphawu lwesinye isimo sezokwelapha. Uma imbangela isitholakele, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele.
Abanye abantu babhekana namathe aqinile nanamathelayo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kungaba ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi amaningi . Kodwa-ke, uma inkinga iqhubeka, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela ngayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amathe awuketshezi olubalulekile empilweni yomlomo nomzimba wethu. Asiza ekugayeni ukudla, avikele amazinyo, futhi alwe nezifo.
- Umlomo owomile (ukuntuleka kwamathe) akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Kungabangela ukubola kwamazinyo nezinye izifo zomlomo.
- Ukukhiqizwa kwamathe ngokweqile (ukuvuza amathe) kungaba umphumela wezifo ezithile noma imithi.
- Uma unenkinga yesikhathi eside ngamathe (umlomo owomile, amathe amaningi, amathe ajiyile), qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment