Qaphela ogwini lolwandle! Ake sifunde ngokulunywa yizimpukane zesihlabathi.

Wake waya ogwini lolwandle, udlala esihlabathini, noma uhamba emanzini angajulile bese ngokuzumayo imilenze nezingalo zakho ziqala ukulunywa? Mhlawumbe uke waqaphela ngisho namabala amancane abomvu. Lokhu kungaba umsebenzi wezimpukane zesihlabathi. Kodwa noma sithi "izimpukane zesihlabathi," kunezinhlobo eziningana zezilwane ezibizwa ngaleli gama. Nakuba ezinye izimpukane zingeyona ingozi kangako, ezinye zingaba yingozi kancane. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizofunda kahle ukuthi ziyini lezi mpukane zesihlabathi.

Kuyini "Ukulunywa Yizimpukane Zesihlabathi"?

Esikhathini esiningi, uma sicabanga "ngezinambuzane zesihlabathi," sicabanga nganoma yisiphi isilwane esincane esihlala esihlabathini bese siziluma. Okunye ukulunywa yilezi zilwane akukubi kangako. Lezo esivame ukuzibiza ngokuthi "izinkukhu zesihlabathi," kanti lezo ezingaba yingozi kakhulu, empeleni azizona izinkukhu noma izinambuzane. Zifana nezinkalankala ezincane nezimfanzi, futhi ziyingxenye yeqembu lezilwane ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-crustacean." Zithola igama lazo eqinisweni lokuthi ziyagxuma. Abanye abantu bazibiza nangokuthi ama-sand jumper noma ama-beach fleas. Uma zilunywa, zingashiya amabhamuza abomvu, alumayo esikhumbeni. Kodwa ngokuvamile ziyaphola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona nohlobo lwe-flea olubizwa ngokuthi "i-sand flea" . Lubizwa ngokuthi "i-Tunga penetrans". Abanye abantu balubiza nangokuthi "i-chigoe flea" noma "i-jigger flea". Ubuwazi ukuthi lena yi -flea encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni! Kodwa naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, ingenza umsebenzi omningi. Le flea ingabhoboza isikhumba sakho futhi ingene ngaphakathi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ingabangela isifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-tungiasis". Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu kanye nezilonda zesikhumba. Lawa ma-chigoe flea avame kakhulu emazweni anezimo zezulu ezifudumele njengeMelika Ephakathi, iNingizimu Melika, i-Afrika, kanye neCaribbean. Akuvamile kakhulu emazweni afana ne-United States.

Ingabe izimpukane zesihlabathi nezimpukane zesihlabathi ziyinto efanayo?

Lokhu futhi kuyinto abantu abaningi abayididayo. Izimpukane zesihlabathi nezimpukane zesihlabathi ziyizinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zezilwane. Masingazididekisi, kulungile? Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimpukane zesihlabathi. Uma ziluma, zivame ukubangela amabhamuza amancane aphola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, njengokulunywa umiyane.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa oluyingozi lwezimpukane zesihlabathi. Zithwala izinambuzane ezibizwa ngokuthi `(Leishmania)`. Lokhu kungabangela isifo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi `(leishmaniasis).` Lokhu kungabangela izilonda zesikhumba, umonakalo ezithweni zangaphakathi, ngisho nokufa. Lezi zimpukane zitholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele. Kodwa-ke, kubikwa ukuthi sezifikile ezindaweni ezifana neFlorida neTexas e-United States.

Ingabe lezi zimpukane zesihlabathi zihlukile kwezimpukane ezivamile emakhaya ethu?

Lezi zimpukane zesihlabathi zihlukile kancane kuzinambuzane ezivamile esizithola ezifuyweni zethu, njengezinja namakati. Zombili zingaphila ezilwaneni zasendle noma zasekhaya futhi zingadlulisela izifo.

Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomehluko:

1. Izimpukane ezivamile azihlali emizimbeni yabantu. Kodwa lezo zimpukane zesihlabathi eziyingozi "ze-chigoe" zingahlala ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sabantu.

2. Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ukulunywa yizintwala okuvamile kubangele izilonda zesikhumba ezinzima njengalezo ezibangelwa yizintwala ze-`(chigoe)`.

Ubani okungenzeka ukuthi ukhathazwa kakhulu yilezi zimpukane zesihlabathi?

Lokho kulunywa okuncane, okungenangozi kwesihlabathi (lezo zilwane ezincane ezinjengalezo okukhulunywe ngazo ekuqaleni) kungenzeka kunoma ubani. Kungakuluma uma uhamba ngezinyawo ungagqokile ogwini lolwandle, udlala esihlabathini, noma emanzini angajulile, afudumele. Zithanda izindawo ezimanzi.

Kodwa isifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(tungiasis)`, esibangelwa yi-`(chigoe)` flea, sivame kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya ezimpofu nezingenawo amathuluzi adingekayo. Abantu abahamba ngezinyawo bengenazicathulo emabhishi, emapulazini, nasemhlabathini basengozini enkulu. Izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, kanye nabakhubazekile basengozini enkulu yalokhu. Lezi zinambuzane zizala kakhulu ngesikhathi sesomiso, njengo-Agasti noSepthemba. Izivakashi ezivakashela izindawo ezinjalo zingaziletha lezi zinambuzane `(chigoe)` emazweni azo.

Ingabe lesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi `(tungiasis)` sivamile?

Kwamanye amazwe ampofu asemakhaya, lesi sifo esibangelwa yizinambuzane esibizwa ngokuthi "i-tungiasis" yisona esivame kakhulu. Cabanga nje, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi kwezinye izindawo, abantu abafinyelela ku-60% kanye nezingane ezifika ku-80% bayasithola.

Kodwa lokho kulunywa yizimpukane zesihlabathi okuvamile, okungenangozi kuyinto engabonakala njalo ezindaweni ezisogwini lwezwe lethu.

Kungani lezi zimpukane zesihlabathi zisiluma?

Kalula nje, zonke izintwala zesihlabathi ziyaluma ngoba zilambile. Uma uthatha intwala yesihlabathi eyesabekayo ebizwa ngokuthi `(chigoe),` eyesifazane ihlaba isikhumba sakho bese ingena. Iyahamba iyomunca igazi lakho. Ngemva kokuphuza lelo gazi, ikhula ibe cishe izikhathi ezingu-2000 ngobukhulu bayo bokuqala! Cabanga ngalokho! Bese ibeka amaqanda ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lawo maqanda ayawa esikhumbeni sakho, bese amachwane ephuma. Leyo ntwala yesifazane `(chigoe)` ihlala ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha, bese ifela lapho.

Kukuphi emzimbeni lapho omiyane beluma khona kakhulu?

Zonke izinhlobo ze-sand fleas zivame ukuluma amaqakala akho kanye nezinyawo zakho. Zithanda izindawo ezithambile njengaphakathi kwezinzwane zakho, ezithendeni zakho, nangaphansi kwezinzipho zakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase uthole ukulunywa nokubomvu kwesikhumba emathangeni akho, ezingalweni, ezinsinini nasezithweni zangasese.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka yizimpukane zesihlabathi?

Ezinsukwini zokuqala, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulunywa yi-common sand flea noma i-"chigoe" eyingozi, izimpawu ziyafana kancane, futhi azizimbi kangako.

• Ukuluma kanye nokubomvu kwesikhumba. (Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi `(pruritus)` kwisayensi yezokwelapha.)
• Amabala abomvu, aphakanyisiwe afana nama-blister.
• Ukuvuvukala kancane.

Kodwa inkinga iba yimbi kakhulu ngemva kokuba i-female flea ibeke amaqanda. Ama-blister ayavuvukala abe mhlophe. Ungabona indawo encane emnyama phakathi komhlophe. Lokhu kungemuva kwe-female. Ukucindezela okuvela ngaphakathi kubangela ukuthi izicubu ezizungezile zivuvuke, okubuhlungu kakhulu.Kungafika. Kancane kancane, izindawo lapho lezi zinambuzane '(chigoe)' zilunywe khona zingaba mnyama, zibe uqweqwe, noma ziqhekeke futhi zibe nezilonda ('(ulcers)').

Isexwayiso: Uma kuvela amanxeba esikhumba anjengalawa, angangenwa kalula amagciwane, njenge-"tetanus" (lockjaw) noma i-"gangrene" (ukufa kwezicubu). Ngakho-ke ungalibali uma ubona lezi zimpawu.

Udokotela angazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kwakuwukulunywa yizimpukane zesihlabathi?

Uma uya kudokotela, bazoqala bahlole isikhumba sakho ngokucophelela. Bazobheka ikakhulukazi izinyawo zakho, phakathi kwezinzwane zakho, nanoma yikuphi lapho ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga khona. Bazobuza nangezifo zakho zangaphambilini, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nezifo.

Amabala avela ngemva kokulunywa yi-sand flea okuvamile, noma izigaba zokuqala zokulunywa yi-"chigoe", angabonakala njengezinye izifo zesikhumba. Isibonelo:

• (I-contact dermatitis) (Ukungezwani komzimba okwenzeka lapho izinto ezithile zithinta isikhumba)
• Ukulunywa yizimpukane okuvamile
• Ama-hives (urticaria) kanye nokuvuvukala (i-angioedema)
• Amachashaza avela ngemva kokulunywa omiyane

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi utshele udokotela wakho lezi zinto ngqo:

• Uke waba seduze nomuntu onesifo sesikhumba?
• Uke wachitha isikhathi usebhishi, ehlathini, noma kwenye indawo engaphandle?
• Uke wahamba waya ezindaweni, kungaba ngaphakathi kwezwe noma kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi izindawo lapho kuvame khona ama-sand flea? (isib. amazwe ase-Afrika, aseNingizimu Melika)

Azikho izivivinyo zegazi ezinganquma ngokunembile ukuthi ulunywe yizimpukane zesihlabathi. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi ukulunywa kubangele ezinye izifo noma izifo.

Yini engenziwa ukwelapha lokhu?

Uma ulunywa yi-sandfly engavamile futhi enganzima kangako, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ekhaya:

• (Ama-antihistamine) (imithi enciphisa ukulunywa - kungaba ngomlomo noma nge-topical, kodwa hhayi kokubili ngesikhathi esisodwa, kungcono ukubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa)
• Ukusebenzisa amanzi abandayo (amaphakethe abandayo).
• Ukufaka ukhilimu wokulwa nokulunywa, njenge-calamine lotion.
• Udokotela angase ancome ama-corticosteroids angaphandle noma aphuzwa ngomlomo ukuze anciphise ukuvuvukala.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezilonda ezivulekile noma usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Angase akunikeze ama-antibiotic. Ungase futhi unikezwe umjovo we-tetanus. Amanye ama-cream ezintwala nawo asetshenziselwa lokhu. Uma izintwala zingene esikhumbeni, udokotela uzozisusa ngokucophelela izintwala esebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlinza.

Khumbula lokhu: Ungalokothi uzame ukususa lawa makhaza ngokwakho ngento ebukhali (njengenaliti noma iphini), kulungile?Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokulimala okuqhubekayo kanye nokutheleleka.

Yini ongayenza ukuze uhlale uphephile ezifweni zesihlabathi?

“Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha,” basho. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sihlale siphephile kulezi zinambuzane zesihlabathi, kunezinto ezimbalwa esingazenza:

• Uma uhamba phesheya, ikakhulukazi ezweni lapho izifo ezithwalwa yizinambuzane zivame khona, khuluma nodokotela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha zasezindaweni ezishisayo ngaphambi kokuba uye ukuze wazi ngezingozi.
• Faka umuthi wokuxosha izinambuzane esikhumbeni sakho. Ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo equkethe i-DEET, imikhiqizo yemvelo efana namafutha kakhukhunathi, noma amanye amafutha abalulekile. Lokhu kuhle ukukusebenzisa uma uya ogwini lolwandle noma ehlathini.
• Ngemva kokuhamba ungafake zicathulo esihlabathini noma othulini, geza izinyawo zakho kahle ngensipho.
• Gqoka izicathulo ezivalekile kanye namasokisi noma nini lapho kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma uya ezindaweni lapho kusolwa khona ukuthi kunezimpukane zesihlabathi.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi lokhu kube ngcono? Ingabe imiphumela izoqhubeka?

Ukulunywa yizintwala zesihlabathi okujwayelekile kuzophola ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngisho noma kunezintwala ze-`(chigoe)`, ukutheleleka kuzophela ngokwako ngoba ziyafa futhi ziwe esikhumbeni ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane (amasonto angu-4-6). Iningi labantu alibi nokugula okukhulu noma izinkinga zesikhathi eside ezivela kulezi zintwala ze-`(chigoe), ikakhulukazi uma zelashwa ngokushesha.

Kodwa-ke, uma amanxeba eba mabi kakhulu noma uma kuvela ukutheleleka, kungase kuvele ezinye izinkinga:

• Ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Izipikili ziyawa.
• Ukuxebuka kwesikhumba.
• Izibazi.
• Ukuqina kwesikhumba noma izinzipho.

Kufanele ngimtshele nini udokotela ngalokhu?

Uma ubona noma yimaphi amabhamuza amasha, amabala abomvu, noma ukulunywa esikhumbeni sakho, qaphela. Ngokuvamile kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela uma kungapholi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngokuvamile kuyinto encane ezophola ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezilonda ezivulekile, izilonda, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka (isib. ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala okwandayo, ukubomvu okusabalalayo, ubomvu, noma umkhuhlane), kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke, ekuphetheni, ukulunywa yizintwala zesihlabathi kungaba lula, kube kuncane, noma kungaba kubi kakhulu, kudinga ukunakwa. Lawo ma-crustacean amancane, njengezinkalankala, awabi yingozi kakhulu futhi aphulukisa ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, lawo ma-chigoe fleas (atholakala kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ezingakathuthuki kahle) angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zesikhumba, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nezifo.

Ngakho-ke uma unebala elingavamile, ukulunywa, noma i-blister esikhumbeni sakho elingapholi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, noma uma kubonakala sengathi liya liba libi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.Ikakhulukazi uma uke wavezwa endaweni lapho kungase kube khona ama-sand fleas. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela!

Ama- sand fleas, ukulunywa, izifo zesikhumba, ukulunywa, ulwandle, ama-chigoe fleas, i-tungiasis, izifo zesikhumba