Wake waba nesicanucanu esinzima nokuhlanza ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okunye okukhulu? Noma ingabe waba nesicanucanu sasekuseni esingabekezeleleki ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Kungaba yinto engakhululekile kangangokuthi kungenza izimpilo zethu zibe nzima. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo zemithi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukulawula lolu hlobo lwesicanucanu nokuhlanza. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini le nto ephikisana ne-serotonin?
Leli igama elinikezwa uhlobo lwemithi. Kalula nje, lena imithi enikezwa ukuvimbela nokwelapha isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ngokwezokwelapha, le mithi ibizwa ngokuthi 'imithi yokulwa nokugabha'. Ngisho noma udokotela wakho engashongo leli gama ngqo, kungenzeka ukuthi unikezwe umuthi kuleli klasi.
Amanye amagama amaningana asetshenziswa kulolu hlobo lwemithi:
- Abaphikisi be-Serotonin-receptor
- Abaphikisi be-receptor be-5HT3
- Ama-blocker e-Serotonin
Nakuba la magama engase azwakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, wonke asho into efanayo. Okusho ukuthi, le mithi ivimba ukusebenza kwekhemikhali emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin . Ake sibheke ngokuningiliziwe.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi kulesi sigaba ezivame ukusetshenziswa eSri Lanka nasemhlabeni jikelele:
- I-Ondansetron - Lena eyaziwa kakhulu. Iza ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Zofran®.
- I-Granisetron - itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Kytril®.
- I-Palonosetron - itholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Aloxi®.
- I-Dolasetron - Nakuba ekuqaleni yayaziwa ngokuthi i-Anzemet®, manje isiyekisiwe ukusetshenziswa emazweni afana ne-United States.
Lomuthi utholakala kokubili ngefomu lamaphilisi kanye nefomu lomjovo.
Usetshenziselwani ngempela lo muthi?
Le mithi ivunyelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuvimbela isicanucanu nokuhlanza ezimweni ezithile.
- Ukwelashwa ngomdlavuza (i-Chemotherapy): Lokhu kubalulekile ukulawula isicanucanu esibi abantu abaningi abasithola ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza nakho kungabangela isicanucanu.
- Ngemva Kokuhlinza Isisu: Abantu abaningi babhekana nokuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu lapho bethola ingqondo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lo muthi unikezwa ukuvimbela lokhu.
Lezi zinqunywa odokotela njengoba kufanele kokubili kubantu abadala kanye nezingane.
Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela basebenzisa le mithi kwezinye izimo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukusetshenziswa "okungekho ku-label". Okusho ukuthi, bayinikeza ngoba odokotela bayazi ukuthi iyasebenza esimweni esithile, yize ingavunyelwe kuleso simo.
Okulandelayo yizibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwalo muthi ngaphandle kwelebula:
- Ukwelapha (hhayi nje ukuvimbela) isicanucanu nokuhlanza ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukulawula isicanucanu esinzima nokuhlanza (ukucasuka kwasekuseni) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okunzima ukukulawula ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni wethu?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale siqonde ukuthi iyini 'i-serotonin'.
I-Serotonin iyi -neurotransmitter emizimbeni yethu. Ifana 'nesithunywa'. Lesi sithunywa silawula izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa isimo sethu sengqondo, ukulala, kanye nokugaya ukudla. Ama-90% e-serotonin emizimbeni yethu atholakala emangqamuzaneni ohlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla (amathumbu).
Cabanga nje, lapho sithola into efana ne-chemotherapy, amangqamuzana asemathunjini ethu ayalimala. Bese kuthi lawo maseli akhiphe inani elikhulu le-serotonin egazini ngokuzumayo. Le serotonin eningi ithumela umlayezo ebuchosheni ithi, "Kukhona okungahambi kahle lapha!" Lowo myalezo yiwona osenza sizizwe 'sinesicanucanu' .
Ukuze le miyalezo ye-serotonin ifinyelele ebuchosheni, kudingeka ibophe 'kuma-receptor' athile esiswini nasebuchosheni bethu. Lokhu kufana 'nemigodi yokhiye' lapho ukhiye ungena khona. I-Serotonin iyisihluthulelo, kanti i-receptor iyimbobo yokhiye. Uma ukhiye ufakwe kahle, umnyango uyavuleka (okungukuthi, umyalezo wokucasuka uyathunyelwa).
Umuthi we-`Serotonin Antagonist` usebenza ngokuya kulezi zimbobo zokhiye (ama-receptor angu-5-HT3) bese uwavala. Kufana nokufaka ukhiye mbumbulu embobeni yokhiye. Khona-ke ukhiye wangempela (i-serotonin) awukwazi ukungena. Umyalezo awuyi ebuchosheni. Umphumela? Isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuyaphela.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zemithi
Lo muthi ngokuvamile uphephile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, unemiphumela emibi kanye nezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uziqaphele.
Imiphumela emibi evamile
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuqunjelwa
Lezi ngokuvamile azibi zimbi kakhulu, kodwa uma zikukhathaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Izingozi okufanele uziqaphele kakhulu
| Isimo sengozi | Okufanele ukwazi |
|---|---|
| Izimo zenhliziyo | Uma unezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo njenge- Long QT syndrome , i-Ventricular arrhythmia , noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi. Abanye abantu bangase babhekane nezinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yabo ngenxa yalo muthi. |
| I-Serotonin Syndrome | Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu nesisheshayo. Uma sithathwa neminye imithi ekhulisa amazinga e-serotonin (isib. ama-SSRI, ama-SNRI okucindezeleka), amazinga e-serotonin emzimbeni angaba phezulu kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. |
| Ukukhulelwa | Nakuba lo muthi ungenalo ingozi enkulu yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kuye kwabikwa ukwanda okuncane kwezehlakalo zokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo kanye nolwelwesi oluqhekekile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngeseluleko sikadokotela uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi. |
Okuningi mayelana ne-Serotonin Syndrome
Lesi yisimo esibucayi esingasongela ngisho nokuphila. Qaphela kakhulu izimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma uhlangabezana nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ukungaphumuli, ukukhathazeka
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Uhudo
- Ukwandiswa kwamehlo abonakala emazinyweni
- Ukuthuthumela komzimba
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha, ukuqina
- Ukujuluka, ukuzizwa ubanda
- Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- Izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphakeme (ngaphezu kuka-101.3°F / 38.5°C)
- Ukuquleka
- Ukulahlekelwa ingqondo
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uthatha lo muthi isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uxhumana nodokotela wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma imiphumela emibi iqala ukukukhathaza.
- Uma isicanucanu sakho nokuhlanza kungathuthuki noma kube kubi kakhulu.
- Uma ucabanga ukuyeka imithi (ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho).
Isicanucanu siyinto engathandeki neze. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunemithi ephumelela kakhulu etholakalayo namuhla yokulawula izimo ezinjalo. Uma unale nkinga, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo ngokukhululekile bese uthola ukwelashwa okukulungele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Serotonin Antagonist iwumuthi osebenza kahle kakhulu olawula isicanucanu nokuhlanza okubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye nokuhlinzwa.
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvimbela isenzo sesithunywa esibizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin emzimbeni.
- Uma unesifo senhliziyo noma uthatha eminye imithi (ikakhulukazi imithi yokucindezeleka), qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.
- Qaphela izimpawu ze-Serotonin Syndrome (ukukhathazeka, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukuqina kwemisipha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo) bese uya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (i-ETU) ngokushesha uma usola isimo esinjalo.
- Thola futhi usebenzise le mithi kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.
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