Ingabe uzizwa ugula ngaso sonke isikhathi yize ungenaso isifo somzimba? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu (Somatic Symptom Disorder)!

Wake wazizwa ukuthi ngisho noma uya kudokotela bese ethi awunaso isifo esingathi sína, usazizwa ugula kakhulu futhi unezimpawu ngokulandelana? Noma uzizwa umthwalo omkhulu nokukhathazeka ngisho noma unesifo esincane? Ingabe lezi zinto ziyakuvimbela ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele? Uma kunjalo, isihloko esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla sizoba sibaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Kuyini "i-Somatic Symptom Disorder"?

Kalula nje, `(Isifo Somatic Symptom Disorder - SSD)` yisimo sengqondo lapho uhlupheka khona ngokweqile futhi ukhathazeka ngento ethile, noma ngabe akuyona ngempela ukugula ngokomzimba, noma kunalokho, ngento encane. Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ukukhathazeka kwakho nokwesaba kubangela ukubonakala kwezimpawu zomzimba, noma kwenze izimpawu ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kungaphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi kunciphise injabulo yakho yokuphila.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi, laba bantu abenzi lutho. Bazwa ubuhlungu ngempela, lokho kungakhululeki. Kodwa isizathu salokho sihlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kwengqondo kunokugula okukhulu emzimbeni. Laba bantu baya kodokotela ngaso sonke isikhathi, bahlolwe, kodwa abatholi ukuthula kwengqondo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Somatic Symptom Disorder)` kanye ne-`(Isifo Sokukhathazeka Ngokugula)`?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi lokhu kufana yini nokuthi `(Illness Anxiety Disorder)`. Lezi ezimbili zihlukile kancane. Umuntu one-`(Illness Anxiety Disorder)` uvame ukungabi nezimpawu ezinkulu zomzimba, kodwa uhlala ecabanga ukuthi uzothola isifo esithile esingathi sína, noma wesaba kakhulu ukuthi usenesifo esithile kakade, futhi yilokho akucabangayo. Kodwa ku-`(Somatic Symptom Disorder), izimpawu zomzimba empeleni ziyazwakala, futhi yilokho abakhathazeka kakhulu ngakho.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Conversion Disorder)` kanye ne-`(Somatic Symptom Disorder)`?

Kunjalo nangalokhu (Isifo Sokuguqulwa - Isifo Sezinzwa Esisebenzayo)`. Kulokhu, ngenxa yenkinga ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa (kodwa hhayi ngenxa yomonakalo ongokwenyama ezinzwa), kuvela izimpawu ezinjengokungakwazi ukuhamba, ukungakwazi ukukhuluma, kanye nokulahlekelwa umbono. Kodwa-ke, ku-`(Isifo Sokuguqulwa)`, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile kanye nokucindezeleka mayelana nezimpawu zomzimba ezivelayo akuyona into eyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, ku-`(Isifo Somatic Symptom)` , into eyinhloko ukukhathazeka ngokweqile mayelana nezimpawu zomzimba kanye nokucindezeleka okuvela ngenxa yalokho.

Lesi simo sithinta bani? Kuvamile kangakanani?

Lesi simo "(Somatic Symptom Disorder)" singathinta izingane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zalesi simo ziqala ukuvela ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kayishumi okubona lesi simo kunabesilisa.

Lokhu akuyona into engavamile kangako. Odokotela bathi phakathi kuka-5% no-7% wabantu abadala bangase babe nalesi simo.

Yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ze-`(Somatic Symptom Disorder)`?

Umuntu onalesi simo angase abe nezimpawu zomzimba ezahlukahlukene. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu bomzimba (lesi yisibonakaliso esivame ukubikwa). Kungaba yinoma yini kusukela ekhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besisu, kuya ebuhlungwini bamalunga.
• Ukukhathala, umuzwa wokuphelelwa yimpilo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ngezinye izikhathi bubizwa ngokuthi "i-Dyspnea", okusho ukuzizwa uphefumula kanzima noma unenkinga yokuphefumula).

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibe zincane, noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. Kungase kube nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Kungase kube nesizathu sezokwelapha salokhu, noma kungase kungabi nasizathu esicacile.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu zomzimba, izici eziyinhloko ze-"Somatic Symptom Disorder" yindlela laba bantu abacabanga, abaziphatha ngayo, nabazizwa ngayo lapho bephendula kuzo. Okungukuthi:

• Bayasaba kakhulu futhi bakhathazeke ngezimpawu zabo zomzimba.
• Ngisho nesibonakaliso esincane kucatshangwa ukuthi siyisibonakaliso sesifo esibulalayo. Cabanga nje, uma uzwa ubuhlungu obuncane besisu, uzokhathazeka izinsuku eziningi, ucabanga ukuthi, 'O, angazi noma ngike ngaba nomdlavuza.'
• Baya kodokotela bayohlolwa futhi bahlolwe, kodwa lapho imiphumela ibuya, abakholwa. Bacabanga ukuthi, "Udokotela akakwazi ukuxilonga isifo sami."
• Nginomuzwa wokuthi udokotela akanandaba ngempela nezimpawu zami.
• Ukushintsha kusuka komunye udokotela uye komunye, noma ukuthola imithi kodokotela abaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa (lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuthenga udokotela').
• Bachitha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo becabanga ngezinkinga zabo zempilo futhi bethola izixazululo zazo.
• Bahlala bebonakala bezwela kakhulu emiphumeleni emibi yemithi. Bahlala bethi, 'O, dokotela, ngemva kokuthatha lowo muthi, lokhu kwenzeke kimi, lokhu kwenzeka kimi.'
• Baqala ukuthembela kwabanye. Bacela usizo, ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo. Bayathukuthela uma izidingo zabo zingahlangatshezwa.
• Imicabango, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha mayelana nezimpawu zabo zomzimba kwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele.

Okubalulekile, phakathi kuka-30% no-60% wabantu abane-Somatic Symptom Disorder bangase babe nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo ezihambisana nokukhathazeka kanye/noma ukucindezeleka.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Abacwaningi bathi kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona. Lezi zihlanganisa amathonya ezakhi zofuzo, izici zemvelo, kanye nezici zengqondo. Ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko ezitholakele yilezi:

• Ukuxhashazwa ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Lezi zinto zingabangela ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuqonda nokuphatha imizwa yakho kahle ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ngenxa yezinto ezifana 'nokunganakwa kwabazali' noma 'ukuntuleka kokusondelana ngokomzwelo', okuwukuntuleka kothando, ukunakwa, noma ukusondelana ngokomzwelo okuvela kubazali.
• Ukukhathazeka ngokweqile ngezinguquko emzimbeni wakho kanye nalokho okuzwayo ('izinqubo zomzimba'), uzibuza njalo ukuthi, 'Ingabe ngizogula?'

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola kuqala (`Ukuhlolwa Komzimba`), futhi angase a-ode ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa komchamo, njll. (`Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhorethri`). Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini esinye isizathu esibonakalayo sezimpawu ozizwayo. Uzobuza nangezifo zakho zangaphambilini (`Umlando Wezempilo`).

Ngemva kwalezi zivivinyo, uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi awunaso isifo esibucayi somzimba, noma uma kungekho sizathu sezokwelapha esingatholakala ngenxa yobukhulu bezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo , njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo .

Umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo uzonquma ukuthi unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Somatic Symptom Disorder" ngokusekelwe ezicini ezithile. Ukuze axilonge lokhu, umuntu kumele:

1. Kumelwe ube nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esiphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi sikubangele ukucindezeleka okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha .

2. Futhi, kumele kube nemicabango, imizwa, noma ukuziphatha okweqile ngenxa yalezo zimpawu. Okusho ukuthi, okungenani okukodwa kwalokhu okulandelayo kumele kube khona:

• Ukucabanga ngokweqile nokude kakhulu ngobunzima bezimpawu zomzimba.
• Ukuba nokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo ngempilo noma izimpawu zomzimba.
• Ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi namandla ezimpawini zomzimba nasezinkingeni zempilo.

Kubantu abanalesi `(Somatic Symptom Disorder)`, kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ukwamukela ukuthi ukukhathazeka kwabo nokwesaba kwabo "kukhulu kakhulu."

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Yebo, impela. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu zomzimba ngenkathi futhi welapha izimpawu zengqondo. Lokhu kuhilela ukukhuluma ngezindlela zokwelapha (psychotherapy) kanye nemithi ngezinye izikhathi yokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka okuyisisekelo .

Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa lwe-psychotherapy. Lusiza abantu ukuthi bashintshe izindlela zabo zokucabanga nokuziphatha, ngaleyo ndlela bashintshe indlela abazizwa ngayo. Ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, i-CBT ingasiza abantu ukuthi babhekane nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka futhi babhekane nezimo ezahlukene ngempumelelo.

Uma une-`(Somatic Symptom Disorder),`(CBT)` ingasiza ngezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Hlola imizwa yakho nezinkolelo zakho mayelana nezimpawu zakho zomzimba kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
• Thola izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngezimpawu zakho.
• Yeka ukucabanga kakhulu ngezimpawu zakho zomzimba.
• Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezenza izimpawu zakho zomzimba zibe zimbi kakhulu.
• Ngisho noma unezinhlungu noma ezinye izimpawu, thola izindlela zokuhlala umatasa futhi unobungane.
• Yenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke kangcono.

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nemithi yokucindezeleka . Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo, lokhu kuye kwabikwa ukuthi kusiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu, ukukhathala, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokungalali.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela lesi simo?

Izifundo ziveze izici eziningana eziyingozi ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi simo. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Ukunaka kakhulu imizwa yomzimba.
• Inkinga Yokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa.
• Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Utshwala.
• Ukunganakwa ngesikhathi sobuntwana.
• Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba nangokocansi.
• Indlela yokuphila ephithizelayo/ukulimala.
• Ukuhlushwa yizifo zesikhathi eside ngesikhathi sobuntwana (`Ukugula okungapheli ngesikhathi sobuntwana`).
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka.
• Ukuba nezinkinga ezithile zobuntu, isibonelo, i-Avoidant Personality Disorder, i-Paranoid Personality Disorder, kanye ne-Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kungasiza abantu abane-SSD ukuthi bafunde ezinye izindlela zokubhekana nokucindezeleka kanye nezinto ezibangela izimpawu. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubukhali bezimpawu zabo.

Iyini iphrojekthi yalesi simo?

Isifo Somatic Symptom Disorder cishe siyisimo sesikhathi eside (esingamahlalakhona). Okusho ukuthi, kungaba yisimo lapho izimpawu zifika zidlule khona, ngezikhathi zokuyekelela, ezihlala kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni.

Uma ingelashwa, i-Somatic Symptom Disorder ingabangela okulandelayo:

• Ukulinganiselwa kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke.
• Ukungakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi noma ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini.
• Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo.
• Ukwehla kwezinga lempilo.
• Ukulutheka kotshwala nezidakamizwa.

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa, abantu abaningi bangathola ukwelashwa noma ukwehla okukhulu kwezimpawu zabo. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlala unethemba.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma utholakale une-Somatic Symptom Disorder, ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kuzokusiza ekwelapheni nasekululameni kwakho:

• Yakha ubudlelwano obuhle, obusebenzisanayo, nobethembanayo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo oyinhloko, udokotela omvakashela njalo.
• Gcina udokotela ofanayo oyinhloko. Lokhu kungakusiza ugweme ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okungadingekile.
• Bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi ubhekana kanjani nezimpawu zakho zomzimba.
• Bonana nochwepheshe wakho wezempilo yengqondo (isazi sezengqondo noma umeluleki) njalo ukuze uphathe futhi uqaphe izimpawu zakho zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka ngokweqile nokwesaba.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngalokhu?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo oyinhloko kanye/noma uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu:

• Uma uzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu ngezimpawu zakho zomzimba kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho ngazo, noma ukuthi ziphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
• Uma unezimpawu zokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka (ukuzizwa udangele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukungabi nandaba nanoma yini, unenkinga yokulala, ukungakwazi ukudla, njll.).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) iyisimo sempilo yengqondo. Njengazo zonke izimo zempilo yengqondo, ukufuna usizo ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu zivela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuphazamiseka empilweni yakho. Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bangakunikeza izinhlelo zokwelapha ukukusiza ukuthi uphathe imicabango yakho nokuziphatha kwakho.

Ngakho-ke, yini esiyithathayo ekhaya kule ndaba?

Kalula nje, "Isifo Somatic Symptom Disorder" yisimo lapho ukhathazeka khona kakhulu futhi ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zomzimba, noma ngabe akukho ukugula okukhulu emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu akuyona into oyicabangayo, yinto oyizwayo ngempela. Isizathu salokhu sihlobene kakhulu nengqondo kunomzimba.

• Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, okusho ukuthi kanye nezimpawu zomzimba, ubhekene nokwesaba okukhulu nokukhathazeka ngakho, okuphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukubona udokotela noma umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo .
• Ngokwelashwa okufanele (ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kwengqondo njenge-CBT kanye, uma kudingeka, imithi) kanye nokusekelwa, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle.
• Awuwedwa, nabanye abantu bake babhekana nalezi zinto. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukucela usizo nokufuna ukwelashwa. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola impumuzo.

Isifo se-Somatic, izimpawu zomzimba, impilo yengqondo, ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, i-CBT, ukwelashwa kwengqondo