Wake wazibuza ukuthi izingalo nemilenze yakho kuhamba kanjani, ukuthi uzizwa ushisa noma ubanda kanjani, uphefumula kanjani ngaphandle kokucabanga, ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kanjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela enkulu yokuxhumana, noma umgwaqo omkhulu, emzimbeni wethu olawula konke lokhu, okuxhumanisa ubuchopho kanye nomzimba wonke. Leyo yintambo yomgogodla eyigugu kakhulu.
Kalula nje, iyini le ntambo yomgogodla?
Intambo yomgogodla iyisakhiwo esiyisilinda, esifana nethubhu esakhiwe yizinzwa namaseli. Igeleza phakathi komgogodla wakho, kusukela phansi kobuchopho bakho (i-brainstem) kuya phansi komgogodla wakho. Ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso sethu sezinzwa.
Cabanga ngakho njengekhebula elithwala isignali liye ku-TV yakho ekhaya lakho. Kodwa intambo yomgogodla yenza umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi ngokuphindwe kayisigidi kunaleyo ntambo. Njengoba nje intambo ye-TV ithwala idatha efana nama-movie nezindaba, intambo yomgogodla ithwala yonke imiyalezo kagesi imizimba yethu eyidingayo ukuze isebenze phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba.
Iyiphi insizakalo enikezwa yi-spinal cord emizimbeni yethu?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko womgogodla ukuthwala izimpawu zemizwa zisuka ebuchosheni ziye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba bese zibuyela ebuchosheni. Lezi zimpawu zibizwa ngokuthi imiyalezo kagesi. Le miyalezo yiyo egcina konke emzimbeni wethu kusebenza kahle. Ake sibheke imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko.
- Ukulawula ukunyakaza komzimba nemisebenzi: Uma ufuna ukuphakamisa ingalo, ukuhamba, noma ukugijima, imiyalezo ethunyelwa ebuchosheni ihamba ngomgogodla iye emisipheni ehambisanayo. Lokhu kuxhumana kubalulekile futhi ekulawuleni izenzo ezizenzakalelayo (ezizimele) esizenzayo ngaphandle kokuqaphela, njengokuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Ukubika imizwa ebuchosheni: Uma uzwa ubuhlungu endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho, noma lapho othile ekuthinta, ingcindezi, ukushisa, noma ukubanda, zonke lezi zinto zihamba ngemizwa ziye emgogodleni, bese zisuka lapho ziye ebuchosheni. Yilapho uzizwa khona, "O, ngibuhlungu," noma "Kuyabanda lokho."
- Ukuphatha i-Reflexes: I-Reflexes yizimpendulo zomzimba ezenzeka ngokushesha, ngaphambi kokuba sicabange ngazo. Isibonelo esihle yilapho udokotela eshaya idolo lakho ngesando esincane, okwenza umlenze wakho ugxume phambili. Ezinye zalezi zimpendulo zilawulwa ngqo yintambo yomgogodla, ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kobuchopho. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba ukuthi uphendule ngokushesha futhi uzivikele ngezikhathi zengozi, njengengozi.
Izingxenye zomgogodla kanye nemizwa exhunywe kuwo
Umgogodla ungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko, ezifana ncamashi nezingxenye ezintathu zomgogodla wethu.
1. Umlomo wesibeletho: Lena yindawo ezungeze intamo yakho.
2.Isifuba: Lokhu kubhekisela emzimbeni wakho ongaphezulu, noma endaweni yesifuba.
3. I-Lumbar: Lena indawo ezungeze umhlane ongezansi.
Kunezinzwa ezingu-31 ezixhunywe kulo mgogodla. Lezi yizo ezisakaza imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni kuwo wonke umzimba.
| Uhlobo lokwethuka | Indawo kanye nomsebenzi |
|---|---|
| Izinzwa Zesibeletho | Kunamapheya angu-8. Kusukela entanyeni, athwala izimpawu ikakhulukazi ebusweni nasekhanda. |
| Imizwa Yesifuba | Kunezimbili ezibhangqwana. Zithwala izimpawu ziye emzimbeni ongaphezulu, esifubeni, emhlane ongaphezulu kanye nasesiswini. |
| Imizwa Yesihlungu | Kunezimbili ezi-5. Ziqala kusukela esinqeni ziye emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. |
| Imizwa yeSacral | Kunezimbili ezi-5. Ziqala kusukela engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yesitho sangasese sowesifazane kuya ethangeni. |
| I-Cauda Equina | Lokhu akuyona inzwa eyodwa, kodwa inqwaba yemizwa engezansi komgogodla. Yilokho okunikeza umuzwa ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba. Igama lesiLatini elithi "cauda equina" lisho 'umsila wehhashi'. Lathola igama lalo ngoba le nqwaba yemizwa ifana nomsila wehhashi. |
Izimbozo ezivikela umgogodla
Njengoba nje u-anyanisi unezingqimba zesikhumba, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-membrane (ama-meninge) avikela umgogodla wethu. Lawa azungeze nobuchopho bethu.
- Isikhathi eside:Lesi yisembozo sangaphandle, esiqinile, nesibanzi. Sisiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala komgogodla ngenxa yezingozi.
- I-Arachnoid mater: Lena ungqimba oluphakathi.
- I-Pia mater: Lolu ungqimba oluncane kakhulu olunamathele emgogodleni kusukela ngaphakathi.
Kunezikhala ezimbili ezikhethekile phakathi kwalezi zendlalelo.
1. Isikhala Se-Epidural: Lesi sitholakala ngaphandle kwe-dura mater. Yilapho i-epidural, enikezwa omama abakhulelwe ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha, inikezwa khona.
2. Isikhala Esingaphansi Kwe-Subarachnoid: Lesi sitholakala phakathi kwe-arachnoid mater kanye ne-pia mater. Lesi sikhala siqukethe uketshezi olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) . Lokhu kunikeza isivikelo esengeziwe kanye nokuvikela umgogodla. Lapho udokotela ebhoboza i-lumbar ukuze axilonge izifo ezithile, udokotela ufaka inaliti kulesi sikhala bese ethatha isampula ye-CSF.
Yiziphi izifo nokulimala okuthinta umgogodla?
Ngenxa yokuthi umgogodla udlala indima ebaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu, noma yikuphi ukulimala kwawo kungaba kubi kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zesikhathi eside noma ezihlala njalo.
Ngisho nomonakalo omncane emgogodleni ungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezingaphansi kokulimala, njengokulahlekelwa ukulawula umchamo noma ukukhubazeka.
Nazi ezinye izimo ezivamile ezingathinta umgogodla:
- I-myelitis eguquguqukayo ebukhali
- I-spondylosis yomlomo wesibeletho
- Amadiski ane-herniated
- Ukuphuka komgogodla
- Ukuwohloka kwemisipha yomgogodla
- I-stenosis yomgogodla
- Izimila zomgogodla
- Ukutheleleka komgogodla
Siwugcina kanjani umgogodla wethu uphilile?
Kunezinto ezilula esingazenza ukuze sigcine umgogodla wethu kanye nomgogodla wonke uphilile.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo. Yenza izivivinyo zokuzelula njalo.
- Prakthiza ukugcina umhlane wakho uqondile lapho uhleli futhi umile. Ungahlali endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside kakhulu.
- Uma ulele, lala endaweni esekela ukugoba kwemvelo kwentamo yakho kanye nomhlane ongezansi.
- Uma ubhema, yeka.Gwema eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
Ingabe umgogodla kanye nomgogodla kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene?
Yebo, lezi yizingxenye ezimbili. Abantu abaningi bayaphambanisa lezi ezimbili.
Kalula nje, ikholomu yomgogodla iyisimbozo samathambo esivikela umgogodla. Yakhiwe ngamathambo abizwa ngokuthi ama-vertebrae abekwe phezu komunye.
Intambo yomgogodla iyipayipi elenziwe ngemizwa, izicubu, namaseli ngaphakathi kwesembozo samathambo esivikelayo.
Cabanga ngentambo kagesi. Intambo yomgogodla ifana nepayipi lepulasitiki eliphezu kwayo. Intambo yomgogodla ifana nentambo eyigugu kakhulu egijima ngaphakathi kwalelo payipi.
Uma ubunganikeza imiklomelo ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu, umgogodla ubungawuthola nakanjani. Kuyafaneleka. Ukuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba. Umgogodla uhlala uphethe izimpawu zemizwa kagesi ezikusiza ukuthi unyakaze, uzizwe, futhi uphile.
Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekhonweni lakho lokunyakaza, indlela izinto ezizizwa ngayo, noma indlela olawula ngayo umzimba wakho, ungakuzibi. Uma ukhathazekile noma wesaba kancane ngakho, kufanelekile ukukubonisa udokotela . Ngaleyo ndlela, uzokwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela izimpawu zakho nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezidingekayo ukuze uzilawule.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umgogodla uyindlela eyinhloko yokuxhumana phakathi kobuchopho bethu nomzimba wonke.
- Ukunyakaza kwethu, imizwa, kanye nokusabela kwethu kulawulwa yintambo yomgogodla.
- Lesi simiso sezinzwa esiyigugu sivikelwe yisembozo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi ikholomu yomgogodla.
- Noma yimuphi umonakalo emgogodleni ungaba yingozi kakhulu, futhi kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekunyakazeni noma ekuzweni.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuma kahle komzimba) kusiza ekuvikeleni umgogodla wakho.
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