Wake wayizwa indaba "yomgogodla ophukile"? Cishe siyizwile ngemva kwengozi noma ukuwa kusuka endaweni ephakeme. Futhi njengoba sikhula, cishe sibone abanye ogogo nomkhulu begoba kancane, okungukuthi, i-hunchback. Zombili lezi zimo zibizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi 'umgogodla ophukile'. Ukuzwa leli gama kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa ungesabi. Akuwona wonke ama-vertebrae aphukile angathi sína. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke, izimbangela, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa, ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Uyini ngempela umgogodla ophukile?
Kalula nje, umgogodla wethu awulona ithambo elilodwa elide. Ufana nombhoshongo owenziwe izingcezu ezincane ezingama-33 zamathambo (esizibiza ngokuthi 'ama-vertebrae') ezibekwe phezu komunye nomunye. Lo mbhoshongo yiwona osivumela ukuba sime, sigobe, futhi siphenduke. Ngakho-ke, ukuphuka noma ukuphuka kwelinye noma ngaphezulu lala ma-vertebrae yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umgogodla ophukile . Abantu bavame ukukubiza ngokuthi "umgogodla ophukile" noma "umhlane ophukile."
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo kanye nokulimala, njengokuwa, ukulimala kwezemidlalo, noma izingozi zezimoto.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi iningi lala ma-fracture alidingi ukuhlinzwa. Kungase kudingeke ugqoke i-brace ekhethekile izinyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, ama-fracture anzima kakhulu angadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze alungiswe.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuphuka komgogodla?
Udokotela uzohlukanisa ithambo lakho eliphukile ngokusekelwe ezicini eziningana. Okungukuthi, lapho ukuphuka kwenzeke khona ethanjeni, ukuthi ithambo liphukile kanjani, nokuthi izingcezu zethambo eliphukile azikho yini endaweni yazo (zizinzile noma azizinzile). Ake sibheke lezi ngazinye.
Kuye ngokuthi ikhefu lenzeke kuphi
Umgogodla wethu uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko. Kungaphuka noma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye.
- Ukuphuka komgogodla womlomo wesibeletho: Lokhu kwenzeka emathanjeni entanyeni yakho.
- Ukuphuka komgogodla wesifuba: Ukuphuka komgogodla ongaphezulu, okusukela entanyeni kuya ekugcineni kwezimbambo.
- Ukuphuka komgogodla we-Lumbar: Ukuphuka komgogodla ongezansi okubangela ubuhlungu bomhlane kubantu abaningi.
Kuye ngokuthi ithambo liphuke kanjani
Lokhu kubaluleke kancane. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezivame ukubonakala.
| Uhlobo lokuphumula | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhekeka Kokucindezela | Lokhu kuyizimfa ezincane noma ukuphuka kwamathambo omgogodla. Kufana nesiponji esinciphayo uma usicindezela. Imbangela enkulu yalokhu yi- osteoporosis . Lokhu kwenza amathambo abe buthaka futhi kungaphuka ngisho nokuwa okuncane. Ngezinye izikhathi, lesi simo singaqhubeka isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwezimpawu, okubangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe amasentimitha ambalwa ukuphakama noma ugobe (kyphosis) . |
| Ukuqhekeka Kokuqhuma | Lokhu kwenzeka uma kuba nokushaya ngamandla okukhulu emgogodleni. Cabanga ngomuntu ewa esihlahleni eside bese ewela ngqo ngezinyawo zakhe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphezulu emgogodleni, amathambo angaphuka abe yizicucu futhi aqhume. Lokhu kuyinkinga enkulu. |
| Ukuphuka Kwamathuba | Lokhu kufana nolunye uhlangothi lwe-Burst Fracture okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amathambo omgogodla ayahlukana. Isibonelo esihle salokhu izingozi zemoto. Uma ugqoka ibhande lesihlalo kuphela futhi ungaligqoki ibhande lesihlalo, bese imoto iphahlazeka ngokuzumayo, ingxenye engezansi yomzimba wakho inamathela ebhandeni bese ingxenye engenhla iphonswa phambili ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwalokho umgogodla ungalulwa futhi lolu hlobo lokuphuka lungenzeka. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka ibhande lesihlalo ngendlela efanele. |
Ngokuzinza kokuphuka (Okuzinzile vs Okungazinzile)
Yilokhu odokotela abakhathazeka kakhulu ngakho.
- Ukuphuka Okuzinzile: Lapha ithambo liphukile, kodwa izingcezu azisuswanga. Zisendaweni efanele. Lokhu kudinga ukwelashwa, kodwa ukuhlinzwa akunakwenzeka.
- Ukuphuka Okungazinzile: Lolu uhlobo lokuphuka olubi kakhulu. Izingcezu zamathambo aphukile zishintshile kusukela lapho zazikhona. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokulimala komgogodla, okuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomgogodla . Lolu hlobo lokuphuka luzodinga ukuhlinzwa nakanjani.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?
Eqinisweni, noma ubani angaphuka ithambo ngenxa yengozi. Kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abesifazane nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50 basengozini enkulu.
- Unesifo se-Osteoporosis (isifo sokulahlekelwa amathambo).Uma kunjalo, ingozi yokuphuka komgogodla (ikakhulukazi ukuphuka kokucindezeleka) iphakeme kakhulu. Umuntu oke waba nayo unamathuba aphindwe kahlanu okuba nayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanezimo zempilo ezilandelayo nabo basengozini enkulu:
- Umdlavuza (ikakhulukazi uma uthola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe)
- Abantu asebesebenzise ama-corticosteroids isikhathi eside
- I-Hyperthyroidism
- Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis)
- Isifo sezinso
- Isifo sengqondo esihlobene ne-anorexia (i-Anorexia Nervosa)
- Ukuntuleka kwevithamini D
- Abantu ababhema futhi baphuza kakhulu nabo basengozini enkulu.
Kwenzekani emzimbeni uma uphuka umhlane? Ungakwazi yini ukuhamba?
Uma uphula ithambo emgogodleni wakho, kungaba nzima ngawe ukuhambahamba ngendlela evamile futhi wenze umsebenzi owusizo. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yobuhlungu.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza i-brace ekhethekile ukusiza ukugcina umgogodla wakho uqondile. Lokhu kungaba nzima ukukugqoka, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi ithambo eliphukile liphole kahle.
Umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu uthi, "Ungahamba nomgogodla ophukile?" Impendulo ithi, yebo, isikhathi esiningi ungakwazi. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kokucindezeleka, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa yi-osteoporosis, ungahamba, kodwa uzozwa ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuphuka konakalisa umgogodla futhi kubangele ukukhubazeka, ngeke ukwazi ukuhamba.
Ngisho noma unezimpawu ezincane, uma ubuhlungu bakho bomhlane bungapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, uma buba bubi kakhulu, noma uma buhambisana nokuvuvukala, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Uma uke waba nengozi, kufanele uye ngqo e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit).
Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka komgogodla?
Ngokumangazayo, amanye ama-compression fractures awabangeli zimpawu. I-osteoporosis, ikakhulukazi, ingase ingabangeli ubuhlungu lapho uhamba. Abanye abantu bathola kuphela ukuthi bane-crack endala emgogodleni wabo uma behlolwa i-X-ray yesinye isimo.
Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zibe njengoba kuboniswe kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukuhlungu obusemhlane | Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obubukhali obuvela ngokuzumayo. Noma ubuhlungu obukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lobuhlungu bungakhula uma uhamba noma umi. | ||
| Ukuvuvukala noma ubuthakathaka | Indawo lapho kwaphuka khona ingase ivuvuke futhi ibe buhlungu ukuyithinta. | ||
| Ukushintsha kwesimo | Ukushintsha kwesimo | Ukugoba umhlane wakho phambili ngendlela okwakungeyona ngaphambili, okungukuthi, ukuba yi-hunchback. | |
| Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa | Ukuqaqamba noma ukulahlekelwa umuzwa kusukela emhlane kuya ezingalweni noma emilenzeni. Lokhu kungaba uphawu olubi kakhulu. | ||
| Ukwehla kobude | Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukucindezelwa kwamathambo amaningi kunganciphisa kakhulu ubude bakho (mhlawumbe kuze kufike kumasentimitha angu-6). | ||
| Ukuchama okungalawulwa | Isimo lapho ungakwazi ukulawula umchamo noma indle yakho ngesizathu ongakaze ube naso ngaphambili. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibucayi kakhulu. Kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. |
Udokotela ukuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Bazokuhlola umhlane wakho futhi babheke noma yikuphi ukuthamba, ukuvuvukala, noma izinguquko esimweni somhlane wakho. Kubalulekile ukunikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi uzizwa kuphi ubuhlungu nokuthi buqale nini.
Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray:Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona yini ukwaphuka noma ukuthi izingcezu zamathambo ziyahambahamba.
- I-MRI scan: Lokhu kungahlola umonakalo hhayi emathanjeni omgogodla kuphela, kodwa nasezicutshini ezithambile ezizungezile, ikakhulukazi umgogodla.
- I-CT scan: Lokhu kusiza ukuthola isithombe esicacile nesiningiliziwe somonakalo emathanjeni uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzocelwa ukuthi uhlolwe ukuqina kwamathambo (Bone Density Test noma i-DEXA scan) . Lokhu kunganquma ukuthi une-osteoporosis nokuthi imbi kangakanani.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangeni yokuphuka kwakho, uhlobo lokuphuka, nokuthi kukuphi emgogodleni wakho.
Ukwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlinzwa akudingeki. Izindlela zokwelapha ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukusekela: Uzonikezwa i-brace ekhethekile yokugcina umgogodla wakho uqonde kuze kube yilapho ithambo eliphukile liphola kahle. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlala izinyanga eziningana.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Kunikezwa izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuqinisa imisipha ezungeze umgogodla. Lokhu kunganciphisa ubuhlungu futhi kusize ekuvimbeleni ukuphuka kwemisipha esikhathini esizayo.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Osteoporosis: Uma une-osteoporosis, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi noma izithasiselo, njenge-calcium, ukuqinisa amathambo akho.
Ukuhlinzwa
Uma ukuphuka kwethambo kusengozini yokulimaza umgogodla wakho, noma uma ubuhlungu bakho bungathuthuki ngemva kwezinyanga eziningana zokwelashwa okunye, ungase udinge ukuhlinzwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa ezivame ukwenziwa.
- I-vertebroplasty: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka usimende okhethekile owuketshezi ku-vertebra ephukile ukuze aqinise ithambo.
- I-Kyphoplasty: Lokhu kufana nokwangaphambilini, kodwa ngaphambi kokufaka usimende, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka ibhaluni elincane emhlane bese elifutha. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ithambo elicindezelwe nelinciphile liphakanyiswe libuyele ekuphakameni kwalo okufanele. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho usimende ufakwa khona.
Zombili lezi zinqubo zokuhlinzwa zivame ukwenziwa ngosuku olufanayo futhi ungaya ekhaya (izinqubo zokulaliswa esibhedlela). Kodwa-ke, uzokwaziswa ukuthi ulale embhedeni cishe amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo cishe amasonto ayi-6.
Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi?
Ukuphuka komgogodla kuyimbangela enkulu yokulimala, ngakho-ke sonke kufanele sizame ukukuvimbela.
- Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo kahle njalo uma uhamba ngezimoto. Kokubili ibhande lethanga kanye nebhande lehlombe kuyimpoqo.
- Gqoka imishini yokuphepha edingekayo uma udlala imidlalo.
- Ungabeki izinto ngendlela engabangela ukuthi ushelele futhi uwe ekhaya noma emsebenzini. Gcina izinto zicocekile futhi zihlelekile.
- Ungakhweli ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni ukuze ufinyelele noma yini engaphezulu. Sebenzisa ileli elifanele.
- Gcina ukudla okunempilo kwamathambo kanye nesimiso sokuzilolonga. Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium, amavithamini C, kanye no-D. Ukuzilolonga okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, kanye nokuphakamisa izinsimbi kuqinisa amathambo.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 noma unomlando womndeni we-osteoporosis, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.
- Uma unenkinga yokuhamba noma usengozini yokuwa, ungabi namahloni ngokusebenzisa induku noma i-walker.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- "Umgogodla ophukile" yinto engenzeka ngenxa yengozi noma i-osteoporosis.
- Ikakhulukazi uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, ungabunaki ubuhlungu bomhlane obungapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela.
- Iningi lamathambo omgogodla awadingi ukuhlinzwa, kodwa adinga ukwelashwa, njengokugqoka i-brace.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane ngemva kwengozi noma ukuwa buwuphawu lokuthi kufanele uye e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha.
- Izimpawu ezinjengokuba ndikindiki ezithweni, ubuthakathaka, noma ukulahlekelwa ukulawula amathumbu kanye nesinye kufanele zibhekwe njengezimo eziphuthumayo futhi kufanele zibikwe esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Ukudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo kungagcina amathambo akho eqinile futhi kunciphise ingozi yalezi zinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo esikhathini esizayo.
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