Wena nezihlobo zakho ninezinto eziningi ezifanayo, akunjalo? Amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubude, nezifo ezifana ne-asthma nesifo senhliziyo konke kungadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ngakho-ke uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe lokhu kuyinto engiyizuze njengefa?" Futhi ungase ukhathazeke kancane ngokuthi izingane zakho nazo zizosithola lesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
Okokuqala, ake siqonde ukuthi siyini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1?
Kalula nje, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 siyisifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Baba, ingabe lokho kuzwakala kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane? Kulungile, ake ngikuchaze kalula. Cabanga ukuthi kukhona ibutho elivikela izwe lethu. Umsebenzi walelo butho ukuvikela izwe ezitheni zangaphandle. Umzimba wethu nawo unesimiso sokuzivikela esifanayo. Siwubiza ngokuthi isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba . Umsebenzi walo ukuhlonza nokubhubhisa izitha zangaphandle njengamagciwane, amagciwane, namagciwane abangela izifo futhi asigcine siphilile.
Kodwa-ke, kulesi sifo sokuzivikela komzimba, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela luyaphambuka kancane futhi alukwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamangqamuzana ethu amahle nezitha zakwamanye amazwe. Kufana nebutho lethu elihlasela abantu abangenacala ezweni lakithi.
Ku-diabetes yohlobo 1, lesi simiso sokuzivikela esingalungile sihlasela uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli kuma-pancreas ethu abizwa ngokuthi ama-beta cell . Lawa ma-beta cell yiwo enza i-hormone insulin, ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu. I-insulin yiyo ethatha ushukela (glucose) ekudleni esikudlayo bese iyithumela emaselini ukuze iguqulwe ibe amandla. Ngakho-ke lapho isimiso sokuzivikela somzimba sibhubhisa la ma-beta cell, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuyayeka ngokuphelele. Yilapho-ke isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 siqala khona.
Ngakho-ke isizukulwane sihlobene kanjani nalokhu?
Yebo, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 sitholakala emindenini. Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma umama wakho, ubaba, umfowenu, udadewenu, noma ingane yakho inesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, cishe unamathuba aphindwe kayi-15 okuthola lesi sifo kunomuntu ongenawo amalungu omndeni anaso.
Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu. Ukuthi nje unamathuba aphindwe kayi-15 okuthola lesi sifo akusho ukuthi uzosithola nakanjani.
Ngokumangalisayo, abantu abangu-85% abathola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, noma abantu abangaphezu kwabayisishiyagalombili kwabayishumi, abanawo umlando womndeni walesi sifo . Futhi, noma ngabe othile emndenini unalesi sifo, amathuba okuba abanye basithole mancane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke lokhu kwenzeka kanjani? Ingabe kumane kuyizakhi zofuzo?
Cha. Into ebalulekile ukuthi, izakhi zofuzo zodwa aziyona imbangela.Cabanga ngezakhi zofuzo njengenqwaba yempuphu yezibhamu elungele ukushiswa. Kodwa ukuze ishiswe, idinga inhlansi yangaphandle. Leyo nhlansi yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'izici zemvelo' .
Odokotela nososayensi basazama ukuthola ukuthi iyini ngempela le 'nhlansi'. Kungaba ukutheleleka ngegciwane, okuthile ekudleni esikudlayo, noma esinye isici semvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze umuntu abe nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kumele abe nezakhi zofuzo ezimenza ahlakulele lesi sifo, futhi kumele abhekane nesici semvelo esibangela lezo zakhi zofuzo. Lapho zombili lezi zinto zihlangana, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela siyaphazamiseka futhi siqale ukuhlasela amaseli e-beta.
Yiziphi izakhi zofuzo ezihlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1?
Ososayensi benza ucwaningo oluningi ngokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuhlobene nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Eziningi zalezi zakhi zofuzo zithinta indlela amasosha omzimba ethu asebenza ngayo. Elinye lala magciwane abaluleke kakhulu yi -HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) . Lawa magciwane e-HLA yiwo afundisa amasosha omzimba ukuhlukanisa phakathi "kwamangqamuzana ethu namaseli angaphandle." Ngakho-ke uma kukhona iphutha kulawa magciwane e-HLA, amasosha omzimba awakwazi ukwenza lo mehluko kahle.
Lezi zakhi zofuzo ze-HLA zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ungathola umbono olula ngalokhu kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lwe-Gene | Umthelela ku-Type 1 Diabetes |
|---|---|
| I-HLA-DR2 | Kubonakala sengathi kuvikela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ngezinga elithile. |
| I-HLA-DR3 noma i-HLA-DR4 | Kwandisa ingozi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ikakhulukazi kubantu abamhlophe. |
| I-HLA-DR7 | Abantu abamnyama bahlonzwe njengabasengozini enkulu . |
| I-HLA-DR9 | Kuye kwabonakala njengokwandisa ingozi yabantu baseJapan. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo ze-INS, eziyala umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize i-insulin, zingase zihlotshaniswe nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kofuzo okwamanje kuvame ukwenziwa ezingeni locwaningo. Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu noma unemibuzo mayelana nomlando womndeni wakho, kungcono ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 siyisifo esibangelwa ukukhubazeka ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba (isifo sokuzivikela komzimba), kunokuba sibe yisifo sofuzo.
- Nakuba ukuba nelungu lomndeni elinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola lesi sifo, akusho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho nizoba nalesi sifo.
- Iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (cishe ama-85%) abanawo umlando womndeni walesi sifo.
- Kudingeka kokubili ukuthambekela kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nesisusa semvelo ukuze lesi sifo sivele.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngomlando womndeni wakho wesifo sikashukela noma ingozi yengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese uthola iseluleko esifanele.
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