Ungathanda ukwazi ngokufakelwa kwe-Stem Cell? Ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe!

Cishe uke wezwa amagama athi 'ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell' noma '(Ukufakelwa kwe-Stem Cell)'. Mhlawumbe wena noma othile omaziyo utshelwe ngalokhu kwelashwa ngudokotela. Ngakho-ke mhlawumbe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi kuyini ngempela, ukuthi kusetshenziselwa luphi uhlobo lwezifo, nokuthi kwenzekani ngemva kwalokhu. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Ayini ama-stem cell? Asebenza kanjani?

Kulungile, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi lawa maseli e-stem ayini. Kalula nje, lawa uhlobo olukhethekile kakhulu lweseli emzimbeni wethu. Lawa maseli anekhono elimangalisayo, eliwukukhula abe yiluphi olunye uhlobo lweseli. Kufana nomlingo, akunjalo? Uma kukhulunywa ngokufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem, sikhuluma ngqo ngamaseli e-stem akha igazi. Lawa maseli yiwo kamuva enza lezi zinto ezidingwa yimizimba yethu:

• Amaseli Egazi Abomvu: Lawa ngamaseli athwala umoya-mpilo emizimbeni yethu yonke. Cabanga nje, lawa maseli asisiza ukuphefumula.
• Amaseli Egazi Amhlophe: Lawa maseli egazi amhlophe asivikela ngokulwa namagciwane abangela izifo angena emizimbeni yethu. Afana namasosha emizimbeni yethu.
• Ama-Platelet: Lawa ama-platelet amisa ukopha uma usikekile kancane. Asiza ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Ngakho-ke, la maseli e-stem ayingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yethu yegazi.

Kuyini ukufakelwa kwe-Stem Cell?

Manje njengoba usunomqondo omncane ngamaseli e-stem, kuyini ukufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem? Kulokhu, odokotela bathatha amaseli e-stem aphilile bese bewafaka egazini lomuntu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuthathelwe indawo amaseli e-stem anawo uma engasebenzi kahle.

Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngokugcwele kulokhu kwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kungaba usizo kakhulu futhi kube usizo kubantu abanezifo ezithile ezingathi sína.

Hlobo luni lwabantu oludinga ukufakelwa i-stem cell?

Akuwona wonke umuntu ozodinga lokhu kwelashwa. Ukufakelwa i-stem cell kuvame ukwenziwa ukusiza abantu abanezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Kulabo abanezifo ezibucayi ezihlobene negazi noma izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
• Kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza (isib. i-leukemia).
• Ukuntuleka kwamasosha omzimba (okungukuthi, abantu abanekhono elinciphile lokulwa nezifo).
• Kubantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzivikela komzimba , njenge-lupus.
• Kubantu abanezifo ezihlobene negazi, isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -Thalassemia noma i-Sickle Cell Disease .

Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, njengoba amaseli okuqala esiguli engasebenzi kahle, ukunikela ngamaseli amasha anempilo kungenza umehluko omkhulu.

Sithola kanjani la maseli okuqala angatshalwa kabusha?

Umbuzo omuhle! Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthola la maseli okuqala abalulekile:

1. Ukufakelwa Komnkantsha Wamathambo: Yilokhu abantu abaningi abake bezwa ngakho. Lawa maseli e-stem akhiqizwa emnkantsha wamathambo, ongaphakathi kwamathambo ethu amakhulu.

2. Kusuka ku-plasma yegazi (umfudlana wegazi): Amaseli e-stem nawo angahlukaniswa ngqo egazini kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile.

3. Igazi Le-Umbilical Cord: Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, igazi elisele e-umbilical cord liqukethe nala maseli abalulekile. Lawa angaqoqwa futhi asetshenziswe ngumuntu odinga usizo.

Umuntu ohlinzeka ngala maseli okuqala ubizwa ngokuthi umnikeli . Kwezinye izimo, isiguli singaba ngumnikeli waso. Okusho ukuthi, amaseli aso okuqala athathwa kuqala, agcinwe efrijini elikhethekile (aqandisiwe), bese ephinde atshalwe kabusha kuwo. Kwezinye izimo, omunye umuntu unikela ngala maseli.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma uthatha ama-stem cell komunye umuntu, ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo zalawo maseli kufanele kufane kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, umfowenu noma udadewenu ungumuntu ofanelana kahle kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungathola umuntu ofanelana nomzali noma ngisho nomuntu ongahlobene nhlobo.

Kwenzekani uma amaseli omnikeli engafanelani kahle?

Naleli futhi iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Uma amaseli okuqala omnikeli engafanelani kahle (nakuba ngezinye izikhathi efanelana kahle), kungavela izinkinga ezimbili:

1. Ukwenqatshwa: Yilapho amasosha omzimba esiguli ehlasela khona amaseli okuqala asanda kutshalwa, anikelwe, njengokungathi ucabanga ukuthi, "Lawa akusiwo awethu."

2. Isifo Sokufakelwa Kwesitho Esifana Nesomuntu Osiphathayo: Lokhu kuphambene kancane. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amaseli asanda kutshalwa, anikelwe (isitho esifana nesomuntu osiphathayo) afike ahlasele amaseli aphilile emzimbeni wesiguli (isitho esifana nesomuntu osiphathayo).

Odokotela basebenzisa imithi ekhethekile ukuvimbela izinto ezinjengalezi.

Inqubo yokufakelwa kweseli le-stem yenzeka kanjani?

Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, masiyigcine ilula.

Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokufakelwa i-stem cell, odokotela bafaka into ebizwa ngokuthi ``Central Line / Central Venous Catheter`` ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesiguli, emthanjeni omkhulu eduze kwenhliziyo. Lena yipayipi ekhethekile engashiywa emzimbeni isikhathi eside kunomugqa ojwayelekile ``IV``. Lokhu kuvumela ukuphathwa kalula kwemithi namasampula egazi ngaphandle kwezinti zezinaliti ezivamile.

Ukufakelwa kwamaseli e-stem kwenziwa esibhedlela .

Okokuqala, umuntu othola ama-stem cell anikelwe unikezwa i-chemotherapy esezingeni eliphezulu kanye/noma imisebe . Lokhu kwenziwa ngezizathu ezimbili:

• Bulala lawo maseli angenampilo abangele lesi sifo.
• Yenza buthaka amasosha omzimba esiguli ukuze amaseli asanda kunikelwa angalahlwa.

Ngemuva kwalokho, amaseli okuqala anempilo anikelwe afakwa emzimbeni wesiguli ngendlela ye-intravenous (IV), efana ne-saline efakwa emthanjeni.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokufakelwa? Yini ongayilindela?

Ngemva kokufakelwa i-stem cell, kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi umzimba wesiguli ukhiqize amangqamuzana amasha egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingozi yokutheleleka, ukopha, nezinye izinkinga iyanda.

Iningi labantu lizohlala esibhedlela cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu ngemva kokufakelwa kwabo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokhathazeka kakhulu ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi amaseli okuqala atshalwe kabusha ayakha yini amaseli egazi amasha.
• Imithi: Ivimbela ukwenqatshwa kanye nesifo se-Graft-versus-Host, esikhulume ngaso ngaphambilini.
• Umuthi unikezwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka.
• Uma kudingeka , amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet anikezwa ngaphandle (ukumpontshelwa igazi).
• Bayahlola ukuthi ezinye izitho zomzimba, njengesibindi nezinso, zisebenza kahle yini.
• Uma kuvela izinkinga, njengezilonda emlonyeni, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, izifo, ukopha, ukwenqatshwa, noma isifo se-Graft-versus-Host, ziyalashwa.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sithola ukudla okunempilo.
• Bonke abavakashi bayahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi balandela imithetho yokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi:
• Akuyona into enhle ukuvakashela noma ubani ogulayo.
• Wonke umuntu oza ukuzovakasha kumele ageze izandla zakhe kahle ngaphambi kokungena ekamelweni.
• Wonke umuntu kumele agqoke imaski, amagilavu, kanye nengubo ekhethekile.

Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zibaluleke kakhulu ngoba phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amasosha omzimba esiguli aphansi kakhulu. Ngisho negciwane elincane lingabangela inkinga enkulu.

Yini ongayenza ukuze ululame ngokushesha?

Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe unyaka ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho alulame ngemva kokufakelwa i-stem cell. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ungaba sengozini yokutheleleka okukhulu. Ngisho nomkhuhlane ovamile ungaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, nansi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze uzivikele ezifweni:

• Wena, umndeni wakho, nanoma ubani okuvakashelayo kufanele nigeze izandla zenu njalo futhi kahle. Sebenzisa insipho elwa namagciwane noma isihlanzi sezandla.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Geza umzimba wakho nsuku zonke nge-shampoo nensipho ethambile.

Futhi, landela le miyalelo ngokucophelela evela eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha:

• Ungabuyela nini esikoleni, uphume, uye ezindaweni zomphakathi?
• Uma kufanele ugqoke imaski.
• Yikuphi ukudla okulungele ukukudla nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okulungele ukukudla.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungaba seduze nezilwane ezifuywayo noma cha.

Konke lokhu kwenzelwa ukukuvikela.

Yini enye ofuna ukuyazi?

Ngemva kokufakelwa i-stem cell nokuphuma esibhedlela, intsha eningi iyalulama kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha liyazi ukuthi lesi sikhathi sokululama singaba nzima. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo. Udokotela wakho, isisebenzi sezenhlalakahle esibhedlela, noma uchwepheshe wempilo yengane bangakusiza kulesi sikhathi esinzima. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukucela usizo.

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, wena noma abazali bakho kufanele nishayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha:

• Uma unomkhuhlane ongama-degree Celsius angu-38.0 (100.4 Fahrenheit) noma ngaphezulu .
• Uma unekhala eligobhozayo, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuqina kwesifuba.
• Uma uhlanza noma uhudo.
• Uma indle imnyama.
• Uma uzwa ubuhlungu noma uphuma igazi ngisho noma kuyinto encane kakhulu.
• Uma kukhona igazi emchameni.
• Uma uzizwa unesiyezi , unekhanda elibuhlungu , noma ungaboni kahle.
• Uma ukhwehlela futhi wopha igazi noma uma ikhala lakho liphuma igazi futhi lingayeki ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa.

Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ngakho-ke, ukufakelwa kwe-Stem Cell kuyindlela yokwelapha ewusizo kakhulu kwezinye izifo ezinkulu. Nakuba kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, inikeza ithemba elisha ezimpilweni eziningi.

• Amaseli e-stem angamaseli akhethekile akha igazi emizimbeni yethu.
• Ukufakelwa kuhilela ukunikeza isiguli amaseli okuqala aphilile.
• Lokhu kudinga isikhathi nokunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze ululame.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela ezifweni.
• Uma unezinkinga noma ukungakhululeki, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Bazokuchazela konke ngokuningiliziwe. Khumbula njalo ukuthi awuwedwa!

Ukufakelwa Kwamaseli Esiqu, Izifo Zegazi, Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza, Ukungavikeleki Emzimbeni, Ukufakelwa Kwamathambo, Impilo