Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakuncoma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwama-hormone e-thyroid, kanye nolunye ukuhlolwa okukhethekile? Noma ingabe unenkinga yokuthola imbangela eqondile yenkinga yakho ye-thyroid? Yilapho-ke sikhuluma ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Antibody ye-Thyroid.' Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengegama eliyinkimbinkimbi, empeleni kulula kakhulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kuyini nokuthi kubheka ini.
Iyini le antibody?
Kalula nje, ama-antibodies ayisimiso sokuzivikela somzimba wethu. Umsebenzi wawo ukuthola nokubhubhisa abahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe (ababizwa ngokuthi "ama-antigen") njengama-virus namabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni. Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesimiso sethu sokuzivikela.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi amasosha omzimba wethu enza iphutha. Aqala ukuhlasela hhayi nje kuphela abahlaseli bangaphandle kodwa namaseli ethu aphilile kanye nezicubu. Yile ndlela esibiza ngayo ama-antibodies akha imizimba yethu ngokuthi 'ama-autoantibodies' .
Iningi labantu linamanani amancane kakhulu ala ma-autoantibodies emizimbeni yabo. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa uma ekhula ngobuningi, kusho ukuthi ungase ube nesifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
Ngakho-ke iyini i-antibody ye-thyroid?
Ama-antibodies e-thyroid angolunye uhlobo lwe-autoantibody esikhulume ngalo ekuqaleni. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amasosha ethu omzimba aqala ngephutha ukuhlasela i-thyroid gland entanyeni yethu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-antibodies azama ukuhlasela amaseli e-thyroid gland ngale ndlela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Thyroid Antibody kulinganisa lokhu egazini.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola kakhulu ukuthi unesifo se-thyroid esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba. Lezi zifo ezimbili yilezi:
1. Isifo sikaHashimoto: Kulokhu, ukusebenza kwendlala yegilo kwehla (i-Hypothyroidism).
2. Isifo sikaGraves: Kulokhu, indlala yegilo iba namandla ngokweqile (i-Hyperthyroidism).
| Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-antibodies e-thyroid | Isimo sezokwelapha esivame ukuhambisana naso |
|---|---|
| I-Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPOAb) | Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sesifo sikaHashimoto. |
| I-Thyroglobulin Antibody (TgAb) | Kungase kuhlobane nesifo sikaHashimoto. |
| I-immunoglobulin evuselela i-thyroid (i-TSI) | Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sesifo sikaGraves. |
| I-antibody ye-TSH receptor (TRAb) | Olunye uhlobo lwe-antibody oluhlotshaniswa nesifo sikaGraves. |
La magama angase abonakale engokwesayensi kancane futhi kunzima ukuwakhumbula. Kulungile. Uma udokotela wakho ebiza lezi zinto ngamanye amagama, ungesabi ukuzibuza ngokuqondile ukuthi ziyini.
Kungani udokotela angancoma lolu vivinyo?
Udokotela wakho uvame ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubizwa ngokuthi i-TSH ne-T4 ukuhlola amazinga e-hormone yakho ye-thyroid. Uma imiphumela yalezo zivivinyo ingajwayelekile , uzoyala lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-antibody ukuze athole ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezinye izizathu eziningana:
- Ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza we-thyroid, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ubuyile yini .
- Qapha izimo ze-thyroid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa .
Ngingakulungiselela kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa?
Lokhu kuyinto engcono kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi ngokuvamile akudingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile . Ungadla futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho ekunikeza eminye imiyalelo, kufanele uyilandele.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona into eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma uthatha noma yimaphi amavithamini noma izithasiselo eziqukethe i-biotin, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngakho. I-Biotin ingaphazamisa imiphumela yalolu vivinyo. Ngakho-ke buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukuthatha izinsuku ezingaki ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Lokhu kwenziwa elebhu, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Kuhilela ukuthatha igazi elincane emthanjeni osengalweni yakho usebenzisa inalithi encane.
Ngiyiqonda kanjani imiphumela yombiko?
Umbiko owutholayo uzovame ukufaka okulandelayo:
- Igama lokuhlolwa
- Umphumela wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi
- Ububanzi obujwayelekile bokuhlolwa
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umphumela wakho "Muhle" noma "Mubi", noma uphakeme noma uphansi.
Ngokuvamile, imiphumela yombiko we-antibody ye-thyroid ibhalwa ngokuthi 'Engemihle' noma 'Emihle' .
- Umphumela ongemuhle usho ukuthi izinga laleyo antibody emzimbeni wakho lingaphakathi kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile.
- Umphumela omuhle usho ukuthi izinga le-antibody lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile.
Yiziphi izindinganiso ezijwayelekile?
Lawa manani angahluka kancane kusuka kwelebhu kuya kwelebhu, ngakho-ke njalo uwaqhathanise 'neNormal Range' ebhalwe embikweni wakho. Ngokuvamile, amanani ajwayelekile alandelayo:
| Uhlobo lwe-antibody | Inani elimaphakathi (cishe) |
|---|---|
| I-antibody ye-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) | Kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-5.6 IU/ml |
| Ama-antibodies e-Thyroglobulin (TgAb) | Kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-4 IU/ml |
| Ama-antibodies e-TSH receptor (TRAb) | Kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1.75 IU/L (kungahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa) |
| I-thyroid ekhuthaza i-immunoglobulin (TSI) | Kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.55 IU/ml |
Khumbula, ungesabi uma ubona imiphumela yombiko. Udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukuchaza kahle ukuthi kusho ukuthini.
Kusho ukuthini uma i-antibody i-positive?
Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-thyroid okuhle kuvame ukusho ukuthi unesifo se-thyroid esizimele. Kodwa lokho akulona njalo iqiniso . Abanye abantu abaphilile bangaba ne-positive ngala ma-antibodies. Yingakho udokotela ezobheka lo mbiko kanye nezimpawu zakho kanye nokunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi (njenge-TSH).
Uma ama-antibodies e-TPO ebonakala ukuthi akhona:
- Uma amazinga akho e-hormone ye-TSH nawo ephakanyisiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo sikaHashimoto .
- Ngisho noma izinga lakho le-TSH lijwayelekile okwamanje, uma i-antibody yakho ye-TPO ine-positive, ungase ube sengozini yokuthola i-hypothyroidism esikhathini esizayo .
Uma i-antibody ye-TgAb ilungile:
- Lokhu kungashiwo futhi ukuthi yisifo sikaHashimoto.
- Uma amazinga e-TgAb ephakanyisiwe kumuntu oye wahlinzwa futhi welashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza we-thyroid, kungase kubonise ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza .
Uma ama-antibodies e-TRAb kanye ne-TSI ebonakala kahle:
- Uma amazinga akho e-hormone ye-TSH ephansi futhi une-antibody positive, kunethuba elikhulu kakhulu lokuthi unesifo se-Graves . Cishe abantu abangu-95% abanesifo se-Graves banale antibody positive.
Uma imiphumela ingajwayelekile, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?
Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-antibody yakho ingajwayelekile, ungakhathazeki. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo nokuthi ngabe kuyadingeka yini ukwelashwa noma cha.
Uma isifo sikaHashimoto sibangela i-hypothyroidism, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuba yiphilisi lansuku zonke elithathwa impilo yonke. Ngesifo sikaGraves, kunezindlela eziningana ongakhetha kuzo, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma ubona umphumela ongavamile embikweni. Kodwa khumbula, udokotela wakho uzokusiza ngokuchaza imiphumela nokuxoxa ngokwelashwa uma kudingeka. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukungabaza ongase ube nakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-antibody ye-thyroid kubheka kakhulu ukuthi imbangela yenkinga yakho ye-thyroid iyisimo sokuzivikela komzimba.
- Ukuthi nje umphumela 'ulungile' akusho ukuthi unesifo. Kungumsebenzi kadokotela ukuqhathanisa nezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-TSH kanye nezimpawu zakho, bese ufinyelela esiphethweni.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi wazise udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa nganoma yimaphi amavithamini owaphuzayo, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe i-biotin.
- Ungesabi ngokubheka izinombolo ezisembikweni kuphela. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaso sonke isikhathi ngakho futhi ukucacise.
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