Uma ucabanga ngesifo sikashukela, cishe ucabanga ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 esivame kakhulu esikhula njengoba ukhula. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kukhona olunye uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela olungakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Sihlukile kancane, kodwa uma siphathwa kahle, ngeke sikuvimbele ukuba uphile impilo enempilo ngokuphelele. Ake sixoxe ngakho ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Kuyini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1?
Kalula nje, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela futhi abhubhise amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-insulin (amaseli e-beta) kuma-pancreas ethu.
Cabanga ngakho, i-insulini ifana nesihluthulelo esisiza ushukela, noma i-glucose, egazini lethu, ukuthi ingene emaselini ethu ukuze yenze amandla. Manje, lapho la maseli akhiqiza i-insulini engasekho, umzimba awukhiqizi i-insulini oyidingayo. Khona-ke ushukela osegazini awukwazi ukungena emaselini bese uqoqana egazini. Yilokho okwenzekayo kulesi sifo.
Kwakubizwa ngokuthi "isifo sikashukela sentsha" ngoba sasivame ukutholakala ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha. Kodwa manje sesiyazi ukuthi singathinta abantu abadala banoma yimuphi ubudala.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2?
Lena indawo lapho abantu abaningi bebhajwa khona.
- Kuhlobo 1: Umzimba uyeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin ngokuphelele , ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-insulin ngaphandle ukuze uphile.
- Kuhlobo 2: Ngisho noma umzimba ukhiqiza i-insulin, inani alanele, noma amaseli omzimba awasabeli kahle kuleyo insulin (ukumelana ne-insulin).
Ziyini izimpawu? Ungazibona kanjani ngokushesha?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zivame ukuvela ngokushesha okukhulu , ngezinye izikhathi zingakapheli amasonto ambalwa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukoma okukhulu nomlomo owomile | Ukoma akupheli ngisho nangemva kokuphuza amanzi. |
| Ukuchama njalo | Ukudinga ukuchama njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ngisho noma udla kahle futhi ulambile, uyancipha isisindo. |
| Indlala enkulu | Ukuzizwa ulambile ngokushesha ngisho nangemva kokudla. |
| Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka | Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka njalo. |
| Izinguquko zombono | Izinto ezifana nokungaboni kahle. |
| Ukutheleleka okuvamile | Izifo zesikhumba eziphindaphindayo, umgudu womchamo, noma zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. |
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 esiqala sekwephuzile kubantu abadala (i-LADA)
Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo sitholakala lapho umuntu esemdala (phakathi kweminyaka engama-30-50). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults' (LADA). Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zivela kancane kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi zingaphambaniswa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Izingane ezincane zikhuliswa kanjani?
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezibonakala kubantu abadala, izingane ezincane nezinsana zingabonisa izimpawu ezahlukene uma ziqala ukuba nalesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuthi abazali bakuqaphele lokhu.
- Ukushintsha amanabukeni engane kaningi kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukuba nokuvuvukala kwenabukeni okungapholi naphezu kokwelashwa.
- Ingane eqeqeshwe endlini yangasese iqala ukumanzisa umbhede.
- Isivinini sokuphefumula esikhulayo.
- Ubuhlungu besisu nokuhlanza.
- Izinguquko ekuziphatheni kwengane (ngokuvamile ukuthukuthela, ukucasuka).
- Iphunga elimnandi nelinjengezithelo elivela emoyeni (lokhu kuyimpawu eyingozi).
Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingase zibonakale njengomkhuhlane ojwayelekile, kodwa kungaba isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu? Ingabe kuyifa?
Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela amangqamuzana awo asaziwa, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi sibangelwa kakhulu yizici zofuzo kanye nemvelo .
Kalula nje, uma othile emndenini wakho (umama, ubaba, umfowenu noma udadewabo) enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, usengozini enkulu yokuba naso, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzosithola.
Cabanga nje, noma ngabe unezakhi zofuzo ezikwenza utholakale kalula yilesi sifo, kungathatha isici sendawo, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane, ukuze lezo zakhi zofuzo "zisebenze".
Sitholakala kanjani lesi sifo? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, into yokuqala abazoyenza ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
| Ukuhlolwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1c | Ungathola umbono wezinga lakho likashukela egazini elijwayelekile ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule. |
| Ukuhlolwa Koshukela Wegazi Lokuzila Ukudla | Bahlola amazinga kashukela egazini labo ngemva kokuba bengadlanga lutho cishe amahora angu-8. |
| Ukuhlolwa Koshukela Ongahleliwe | Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. |
Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabonisa ukuthi unesifo sikashukela. Kodwa ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uhlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Autoantibody: Lolu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zamaprotheni (ama-autoantibodies) egazini ahlasela amaseli enza i-insulin. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka lezi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwama-ketone: Uma i-insulin ilahlekile, umzimba uqala ukushisa amafutha ukuze uthole amandla. Ama-asidi atholakalayo abizwa ngokuthi ama-ketone. Lawa angatholakala emchameni.
Ukwelashwa kanye nokuphathwa kokuphila
Impilo yakho ayiphelile ngoba nje utholakale unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ungaphila impilo ende kakhulu, enempilo, nejabulisayo. Isihluthulelo ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kahle.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin kuyimpoqo.
Kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, umzimba wakho awukhiqizi i-insulin, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe i-insulin ngaphandle nsuku zonke . Awukwazi ukuthatha i-insulin ngesimo samaphilisi, ngoba iyaphuka esiswini sakho. Ngakho-ke kufanele uyithathe ngemijovo noma ngephampu ye-insulin.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-insulin. Ziyahlukahluka ngesikhathi esithathwayo ukusebenza kanye nokuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo kanye nomthamo we-insulin ofanele wena ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kanye nemikhuba yakho yokudla.
Ukuhlola amazinga kashukela egazini njalo
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho engaphakathi kwebanga elibekiwe usuku lonke. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu:
1. I-Glucometer: Indlela yendabuko yokuhlola ihilela ukuthatha iconsi elincane legazi esihlokweni somunwe.
2. I-Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM): Inzwa encane ebekwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba ihlola ngokuzenzakalelayo amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo ngemizuzu embalwa bese ithumela idatha efonini yakho noma kwenye idivayisi. Iyakwazisa uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephezulu noma ephansi.
Ukudla nendlela yokuphila
Ukuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukudla. Kodwa kudingeka uqaphele inani lokudla okudlayo, ikakhulukazi ama-carbohydrate (isitashi). Udinga ukulungisa umthamo wakho we-insulin ukuze uhambisane nenani lokudla okudlayo.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo . Faka imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele.
- Nciphisa iziphuzo ezinoshukela, ukudla okumnandi, kanye nama-carbohydrate acwengekile (isinkwa, i-pasta).
- Vivinya umzimba njalo. Ukuzivocavoca kwandisa ukuzwela komzimba ku-insulin.
- Lawula ukucindezeleka futhi ulale ngokwanele . Lokhu kuthinta namazinga kashukela egazini.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yesifo sikashukela?
Uma amazinga kashukela egazini engalawulwa kahle isikhathi eside, izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba zingalimala. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uma ugcina ukulawula okuhle, ungavimbela eziningi zalezi zinkinga.
Inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ephuthumayo yi- diabetesic ketoacidosis (DKA) . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba untula i-insulin, okubangela ukuthi ama-ketone noshukela kuqongelelane egazini, okwenza igazi libe ne-asidi. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo.
Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukozela okukhulu, kanye nephunga elimnandi lokuphefumula , kungaba yi-DKA. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Izinkinga zesikhathi eside zingafaka phakathi isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso (nephropathy), ukulimala kwamehlo (retinopathy), kanye nokulimala kwemizwa. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lokhu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho nokugcina ushukela wegazi lakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye namazinga e-cholesterol elawulwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 akulona iphutha lakho. Kuyisifo sokuzivikela komzimba.
- Nakuba lesi kuyisimo sokuphila konke, ngokwelashwa nge-insulin kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, ungaphila impilo enempilo nesebenzayo ngokuphelele.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola njalo amazinga kashukela egazini lakho bese uwagcina ngaphakathi kwebanga eliqondiwe elinikezwe udokotela wakho.
- Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho. Bahlala bekulungele ukukusiza.
- Awuwedwa. Baningi abantu abaphila nalesi simo. Ngakho-ke hlala uqinile.
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