Uma sizwa igama elithi umdlavuza, abaningi bethu bazizwa besaba futhi bekhungathekile. Lokho kuyinto evamile. Kodwa ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, kuye kwavela izindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ezisisiza ukulawula umdlavuza futhi siphile impilo engcono. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngeklasi ekhethekile kakhulu yemithi ehlose futhi imise ukukhula kwamaseli omdlavuza. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi ama-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, noma ama-TKI ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, ayini ama-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs)?
Lolu uhlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okuqondiwe." Cabanga ngale ndlela: umuthi ojwayelekile womdlavuza (i-chemotherapy) ufana nebhomu eliwiswe empini. Ungabulala amasosha esitha (amangqamuzana omdlavuza) kanye nabantu bethu abangenacala (amangqamuzana anempilo). Kodwa lo muthi oqondiwe obizwa ngokuthi i-TKI ufana nesibhamu esidubulayo. Ubheka ngqo ekuqondisweni futhi ulimaza amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela. Umonakalo kumaseli anempilo mncane kakhulu.
Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela ama-enzyme angaphakathi kwamaseli omdlavuza asiza ukukhula nokuhlukana ngokushesha. Le mithi ingase ingawuqedi ngokuphelele umdlavuza, kodwa ingasiza ekulawuleni umdlavuza futhi iwubeke esimweni sokululama isikhathi eside , noma ingakusiza uphile isikhathi eside futhi uphile kahle nomdlavuza.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake sibheke ukuthi amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu alawulwa kanjani. Cabanga ngamaseli ethu ahlukanayo njengokungathi akhanyisa isibani.
1. Izici zokukhula: Lezi zifana nomunwe ophendula inkinobho yokukhanyisa. Yizo ezinika amaseli isignali yokuthi "ahlukane manje."
2. Ama-Tyrosine kinase: Lawa amaswishi okukhanya. Uma uwavula ngomunwe wakho, avula 'On', bese amaseli aqala ukuhlukana. Uma isidingo sesiphelile, avula 'On' futhi.
Kumaseli aphilile, lolu shintsho lusebenza kahle kakhulu. Luya 'Vulwa' uma kudingeka, futhi 'Luvaliwe' uma umsebenzi usuqediwe.
Kodwa kwamanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ikakhulukazi ohlotsheni lomdlavuza wegazi olubizwa ngokuthi i-Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) , lolu shintsho olubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Tyrosine kinase' luphukile. Luhlala luthi 'Luvuliwe'. Lokho kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana ahlala ethola isignali yokuthi "ahlukanise, ahlukanise, ahlukanise." Ngakho lawa maseli omdlavuza ahlukana ngokungalawuleki, agcwalise umongo wamathambo futhi amise ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana egazi anempilo.
Yilapho-ke imithi ye-TKI iqala khona ukusebenza. Lokho okwenziwa yile mithi ukuvala ngenkani leyo switch ephukile, ehlala ivuliwe. Bese amangqamuzana omdlavuza elahlekelwa isignali yokuhlukana, bese ukukhula kwawo kuyama. Uyaqonda ukuthi leyo nqubo iqondile kangakanani?
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezisetshenziselwa imithi ye-TKI?
Le mithi manje isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zomdlavuza. Bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo Lomdlavuza | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza webele one-HER2 | Uhlobo lomdlavuza webele oluneprotheni eningi ebizwa ngokuthi i-HER2 ebusweni bamaseli. |
| I-leukemia ye-lymphocytic engapheli | Umdlavuza wegazi okhula kancane kancane othinta uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi. |
| Izimila zesisu | Luhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluvela ezindongeni zesimiso sokugaya ukudla. |
| Umdlavuza wezinso | Ngomdlavuza oqala emaseli ezinso. |
| Umdlavuza wamaphaphu (umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongeyona iseli elincane) | Ukwelapha uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. |
| Umdlavuza wesikhumba (i-Melanoma) | Uhlobo olubi lomdlavuza wesikhumba oluvela emangqamuzaneni anika isikhumba umbala waso. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke izidakamizwa ze-TKI ezisebenzela zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi oqondiswe kahle ngokusekelwe ku-genetic form yomdlavuza wakho.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kule mithi?
Yebo. Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungaba nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa lokhu kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu futhi kuye ngohlobo lomuthi owuthathayo. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bengakhululekile kangako, kanti abanye bangase babe nezinkinga ezinkulu.
Eminye yemiphumela emibi evame ukubonakala yile:
- Ukukhathala nokukhathala: Lokhu kuvame kakhulu.
- Uhudo: Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu.
- Izinkinga zesikhumba: Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukoma, ukulunywa, njll. Ezimweni ezingavamile , izimo zesikhumba ezinzima njenge-Stevens-Johnson syndrome zingase zibe khona.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)
- I-Proteinuria
- Ukwehla noma ukuzuza isisindo
Okubalulekile: Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale lokhu kwelashwa, udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngokucacile ngemiphumela emibi engaba khona yemithi ozoyithola. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha noma ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Yini esingayenza ukuze ukwelashwa kube lula?
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyindlela eyinselele, kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze lolu hambo lube lula kancane.
- Into engcono kakhulu yokukhathala ukuphumula: Uma uzizwa ukhathele, qonda ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuhle futhi ukulala isikhashana emini.
- Qaphela ukudla kwakho: Abanye abantu bancipha isisindo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Abanye bangase bakhuluphale. Uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, funa usizo kuchwepheshe wezokudla . Bangabe sebedala uhlelo lokudla olufanelana nesimo sakho.
- Hlela usuku lwakho: Ukwelashwa kungashintsha kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Zama ukugcina izinto zihlelekile ngokumaka ama-aphoyintimenti kadokotela wakho kanye nama-aphoyintimenti emithi ekhalendeni.
- Funda Ngokunakekelwa Kwe-Palliative: Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abangazi ngayo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative uhlobo olukhethekile lokunakekelwa, ngaphezu kokwelashwa komdlavuza, olukusiza ukuthi uphile ngokunethezeka nokugula kwakho ngokulawula izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukukhathala, kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza angaba buthakathaka kule mithi ye-TKI futhi ayeke ukuphendula ekwelashweni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukumelana nemithi'. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angakushintshela komunye umuthi we-TKI noma omunye umuthi wokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho njalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) ayiqembu lemithi ethuthukisiwe ehlose futhi ivimbele uhlelo lokubonisa oluhilelekile ekukhuleni kwamaseli omdlavuza.
- Esikhundleni sokwelapha umdlavuza ngokuphelele, lokhu kulawula lesi sifo futhi kusize iziguli ziphile isikhathi eside futhi ziphile impilo engcono.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukunikezwa njengephilisi elithathwa nsuku zonke, futhi uhlelo lokwelashwa lunqunywa udokotela wakho.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka futhi iyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Imithi ye-TKI iyintuthuko enkulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza, iletha ithemba elisha ezigulini eziningi.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho