Uke waqaphela ukuthi umama wakho, ubaba, noma ugogo noma umkhulu wakho ukhohlwa izinto ezincane kulezi zinsuku? Nakuba sicabanga ukuthi ukukhohlwa izinto ezifana nokuthi izikhiye zakho zikuphi, igama lomuntu, noma lokho obuzokwenza kuyinto evamile njengoba sikhula, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesimo esibucayi kakhulu, njenge-Alzheimer's. Ungakhathazeki uma uzwa lokhu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ngokugcwele lokhu. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi siyini isifo i-Alzheimer's.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Alzheimer's?
Isifo i-Alzheimer's yisifo esibhubhisa inkumbulo yakho kancane kancane. Yisifo esithinta ubuchopho. Ezigabeni zokuqala, ungase ube nobunzima bokukhumbula izehlakalo zakamuva, kodwa ungase ukwazi ukukhumbula izehlakalo ezenzeka eminyakeni edlule.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ezinye izimpawu ziqala ukuvela.
- Ubunzima bokugxila entweni eyodwa.
- Ngisho nemisebenzi elula yansuku zonke, njengokwenza itiye, kunzima ukuyifeza.
- Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, udidekile, futhi ukhungathekile, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Izinguquko ezinkulu ekuziphatheni. Ukuthukuthela ngokuzumayo, ukukhathazeka njalo, noma ukucindezeleka.
- Ukulahlekelwa yindawo yakho nokulahleka.
- Izinkinga zomzimba. Izinto ezifana nokushintsha kwendlela ohamba ngayo, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
- Ubunzima bokuxhumana nokushintshana ngemibono nabanye.
Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungase ukhohlwe ngisho nabathandekayo bakho. Ungase ungakwazi nokwenza izinto eziyisisekelo njengokugqoka, ukudla, noma ukuya endlini yangasese wedwa. Lesi sifo sibhubhisa kancane kancane izicubu zobuchopho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi simo sivame ukuhlasela abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65 .
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesifo i-Alzheimer's kanye ne-Dementia?
Abantu abaningi bayawadida la magama amabili, kodwa kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwawo womabili.
I-Dementia akuyona igama lesifo esithile. Yigama elijwayelekile lezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimo ezibangela izinkinga ngenkumbulo, ukucabanga, kanye nokuziphatha. Kufana negama elithi "imoto."
Isifo i-Alzheimer's yisifo esivame kakhulu esigabeni esijwayelekile se-dementia. Kufana nokuthi "imoto." Okusho ukuthi, wonke umuntu one-Alzheimer's une-dementia, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu one-dementia one-Alzheimer's.
Yiziphi izigaba zesifo i-Alzheimer's?
Isifo se-Alzheimer siqhubeka kancane kancane ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
| Isigaba sesifo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isigaba sokuqala (Esincane) | Kulesi sigaba, kunzima ukubona izimpawu eziqondile. Yilabo abaseduze nesiguli kuphela abazobona izinguquko ezincane kakhulu. Bangashayela imoto futhi bahlanganyele emisebenzini yomphakathi. Kodwa bangase bakhohlwe imininingwane emincane, babe nobunzima bokuqeda imisebenzi ethile, futhi babe nobunzima bokuhlela izinto. |
| Okumaphakathi | Lesi yisigaba esivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Singathatha iminyaka. Izimpawu ziba sobala kakhulu. Kuba nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Izinguquko zokuziphatha zibonakala kakhulu. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, isiguli sidinga kakhulu umuntu (umnakekeli) ukuze siphephe futhi sinakekelwe. |
| Isigaba sokugcina (Esinzima) | Kulesi sigaba, ukunakekelwa kungadingeka amahora angama-24 ngosuku . Kungenzeka bangazi ngisho nendawo ebazungezile. Kungenzeka bangakwazi ngisho nokwenza izinto eziyisisekelo njengokuhamba, ukuhlala phansi, nokugcina begwinya ukudla. Kulesi sigaba, ungase ucabangele ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice, okunikeza isiguli kanye nomndeni impumuzo. |
Ziyini izimbangela ze-Alzheimer's?
Nakuba abantu abathola isifo i-Alzheimer's bevame ukuba badala, akuyona into evamile yokuguga. Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi kungani abanye abantu benaso kanti abanye bengenaso. Kodwa bayazi ukuthi izimpawu zibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomonakalo kumaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni:
1. Ukwakheka kwama-tangles afana nentambo ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa (ama-neurofibrillar tangles).
2. Uhlobo lweprotheni olubizwa ngokuthi i-beta-amyloid luqoqana ebuchosheni bese lwakha ama-plaque.
Ucwaningo lusaqhubeka mayelana nembangela yalo monakalo. Kungase kube nengxenye yezakhi zofuzo.Uma umzali noma umfowenu noma udadewenu enalesi sifo, usengozini enkulu yokuba naso, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzosithola.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma usola ukuthi unezimpawu ze-Alzheimer's, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho. Uzokubuza imibuzo futhi, uma kudingeka, akuthumele kudokotela wezinzwa.
Khumbula, uma uya kudokotela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhamba nelungu lomndeni, umuntu ojwayelene nezinguquko zakho zokuziphatha.
Udokotela angenza izivivinyo eziningana, njengokuthi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwemizwa okuhlola izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ikhono lokuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nolimi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo ukuze kuhlolwe ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
- Ukuhlolwa kwempilo yengqondo (ukuhlolwa kwengqondo).
- Ukuskena kobuchopho: Lokhu kungafaka phakathi i-CT (Computed Tomography), i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), kanye nokuskena kwe-PET (Positron Emission Tomography).
- Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ukupompa umgogodla ukuhlola uketshezi lomgogodla (CSF).
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha i-Alzheimer's?
Lena inkinga wonke umuntu anayo. Ngeshwa, alikho ikhambi lesifo i-Alzheimer's okwamanje. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunemithi eminingana enganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo futhi isize ukulawula izimpawu ukuze isiguli siphile impilo ekhululekile.
- Imithi enciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo: Imithi emisha efana neLecanemab (Leqembi) kanye neDonanemab (Kinsula) izama ukulawula ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo ngokususa amaprotheni ayingozi aqoqana ebuchosheni. Lawa asebenza kahle kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala.
- Imithi yokulawula izimpawu: Imithi efana ne-Cholinesterase inhibitors kanye ne-Memantine ingathuthukisa amakhono okukhumbula nokucabanga futhi ilawule izinkinga zokuziphatha.
Konke lokhu kunqunywa udokotela wakho, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulandela iseluleko sakhe.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi?
Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela i-Alzheimer's ngokuphelele, kunezinguquko eziningana zendlela yokuphila esingazisebenzisa ukuze sinciphise ingozi yethu.
- Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme awulungele impilo yobuchopho.
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya ebuchosheni.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo:Nciphisa ukudla okunoshukela namafutha amaningi bese udla imifino eminingi, izithelo, ubhontshisi kanye nokusanhlamvu.
- Hlala uxhumene nabantu: Ukukhuluma nabanye nokuzibandakanya emisebenzini eyahlukene yomphakathi kusiza ukugcina ubuchopho busebenza.
- Nakekela ikhanda lakho: Ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda kungandisa ingozi ye-Alzheimer's esikhathini esizayo.
- Yenza izinto eziphonsela ubuchopho bakho inselelo: Funda okuthile okusha, funda izincwadi, uxazulule amaphazili. Lezi izivivinyo ezinhle zobuchopho bakho.
Iseluleko Somnakekeli Wesiguli Esinesifo i-Alzheimer's
Ukunakekela umuntu one-Alzheimer's akulula. Kuyisibopho esikhulu. Uma ungomunye walabo bantu, lawa macebiso azokusiza.
- Gcina isimiso esiqhubekayo: Mphe ukudla, umgeze, bese umlalisa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukudideka kwakhe.
- Bekezela: Ungathukutheli ngisho noma bekubuza umbuzo ofanayo izikhathi eziyishumi. Khuluma ngothando nangenhlonipho.
- Nikeza izingubo ezilula ukuzigqoka: Khetha izingubo ezine-elastic kanye ne-Velcro esikhundleni sezinkinobho nama-laces.
- Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe kakhudlwana: Susa omata abashelelayo. Faka imigoqo yokubamba endlini yokugezela.
- Zinakekele: Ngesikhathi unakekela umuntu ogulayo, cabanga ngempilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba. Cela usizo kwabanye uma kudingeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo i-Alzheimer's asiyona into evamile yokuguga. Siyisifo esithinta ubuchopho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, izinguquko zokuziphatha, noma ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingalawula ukuqhubeka kwaso futhi zilawule izimpawu.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo inganciphisa ingozi yezifo.
- Uthando, ukwesekwa, nokuqonda kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu one-Alzheimer's kanye nomnakekeli wakhe.
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