Isifo sikashukela siyisifo esivamile, kodwa esingaba yingozi phakathi kwabantu abaningi ezweni lethu. Mhlawumbe othile emndenini wakho, umngane, noma ngisho nawe ngokwakho ungaba nalesi simo. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, asizinaki izimpawu zaso zokuqala. Siyasichitha njengokuthi "sikhathele kancane," "somile kakhulu," bese sisidedela. Kodwa lezi zimpawu ezincane zingase zifihle ingozi enkulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, njengokukhuluma nje nomngane.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sikashukela?
Isifo sikashukela yisimo lapho izinga likashukela, noma i-glucose, egazini lakho liphezulu kakhulu. Le glucose inguphethiloli oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngamandla kumaseli omzimba wethu. Kodwa ukuze le glucose ingene emaseli, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin, ekhiqizwa yi-pancreas yomzimba wethu, ibalulekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela:
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1: Lesi yisikhathi lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele. Sivame ukukhula ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha, kodwa singakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sobudala. Laba bantu kuzodingeka bathathe imijovo ye-insulin nsuku zonke impilo yabo yonke.
- Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Okwenzeka lapha ukuthi nakuba umzimba ukhiqiza i-insulin (`Insulin`), amaseli awakwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle (Ukumelana ne-Insulin). Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, imikhuba emibi yokudla, kanye nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela yizinto eziyinhloko ezibangela lolu hlobo lomdlavuza.
Izimpawu ezivamile zokuxwayisa zesifo sikashukela
Kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile, zakuqala zazo zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
- Ukuzizwa ulambile ngaso sonke isikhathi: Ukudla okudlayo kuphenduka i-glucose futhi kunike amangqamuzana amandla. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ayikho i-insulin noma ayisebenzi kahle, le glucose ayingeni emaseli. Ngakho amangqamuzana awanawo amandla, okusho ukuthi aqhubeka nokuthumela izimpawu ebuchosheni ukuthi "alambile". Yingakho uzizwa ulambile kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile nokukhathala: Ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana akho awatholi amandla awadingayo, ungase uzizwe ukhathele njalo futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho.
- Ukuchama njalo: Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu uchama cishe izikhathi ezingu-4-7 ngosuku. Kodwa umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele achame kaningi. Kungani kunjalo? Ngokuvamile, izinso zimunca i-glucose emzimbeni njengoba zihlunga igazi. Kodwa lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ekhuphuka ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, izinso azikwazi ukumunca wonke lo shukela. Ngakho umzimba udinga amanzi engeziwe ukuze ukhiphe ushukela omningi emchameni. Umphumela uba ukuya endlini yangasese njalo.
- Ukuzizwa womile kakhulu:Uma uchama kakhulu, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi uzizwe womile ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokweqile. Ungase uzizwe sengathi awomile ngisho noma uphuza amanzi.
- Umlomo owomile kanye nesikhumba esomile nesilumayo: Njengoba umzimba usebenzisa amanzi ukwenza umchamo, kunciphisa umswakama otholakala kwezinye izinto. Ngenxa yalokho, umlomo uba owomile futhi isikhumba siqala ukoma nokuluma.
- Ukubona okufiphele: Uma amazinga amanzi emzimbeni wakho eshintshashintsha, ilensi esweni lakho ingavuvukala. Lokhu kushintsha ukuma kwelensi futhi kwenze ingakwazi ukugxila kahle. Yilokhu okubangela ukubona okufiphele.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungenhloso: Uma umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukuthola amandla ekudleni, uqala ukushisa imisipha namafutha ukuze uthole amandla esikhundleni salokho. Ungase wehlise isisindo ngisho noma ungayishintshi indlela odla ngayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ikhanda elibuhlungu liwuphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Ikakhulukazi uma amazinga kashukela egazini ephansi kakhulu (hypoglycemia), ikhanda elibuhlungu lingaba khona.
Umehluko ezimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2
Nakuba lezi zimpawu zivamile kuzo zombili izinhlobo, kunomehluko endleleni ezibonakala ngayo. Ithebula elingezansi lizokusiza ukuthi ubone lo mehluko.
| Isici | Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 | Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Isivinini sokuqala kwezimpawu | Izimpawu zibonakala ngokushesha kakhulu, zingakapheli izinsuku noma amasonto. Izimpawu zibonakala kakhulu ezinganeni. | Kukhula kancane kancane. Izimpawu zincane kakhulu. Ungase ungazi ukuthi unesifo sikashukela iminyaka eminingi. |
| Izici ezi-4 eziyinhloko zokuqala | 1. Ukuchama njalo 2. Ukoma njalo 3. Ukukhathala ngokweqile 4. Ukwehlisa isisindo | Zonke noma ezinye zezimpawu ezingenhla zingase zivele kancane kancane. |
Umehluko phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa
Akukho mehluko omkhulu ezimpawini zokuqala zesifo sikashukela phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nomehluko othile. Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba amaningi okuba nezifo zemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nezifo zomgudu womchamo . Futhi, amadoda anesifo sikashukela esingalashwanga angase abhekane nokuncipha kwamandla emisipha .
Ingabe izingane nazo zinesifo sikashukela? Qaphela lezi zimpawu
Yebo, izingane zingaba nesifo sikashukela.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni
Nakuba isifo sikashukela soHlobo 1 singaba khona kunoma yimuphi ubudala, sivame kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-5-6 no-11-13.
- Indlala noma ukoma ngokweqile
- Ukuchama njalo (ngisho nokumanzisa umbhede ebusuku)
- Ukukhathala ngokweqile
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ukucasuka okungachazeki noma izinguquko ekuziphatheni
- Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yesitho sangasese sowesifazane emantombazaneni angakafiki eminyakeni yokuthomba noma angakafiki eminyakeni yokuthomba
- Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-diaper ezinganeni
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezinganeni
Nakuba isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala, siya ngokuya siba sivame kakhulu nasezinganeni , njengoba ukukhuluphala kwezingane kuyanda . Kungase kungabonakali zimpawu, kodwa qaphela lezi:
- Indlala noma ukoma ngokweqile
- Ukuchama njalo
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ubumnyama besikhumba esizungeze intamo, amakhwapha, kanye nezinqe (i-Acanthosis Nigricans)
- Ukwehlisa isisindo (lokhu kuvame kakhulu ku-Type 1)
- Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe
Ake sifunde nangesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akuvamile ukubangela izimpawu ezinkulu. Ungase uzizwe womile kancane, udinga ukuchama kaningi, noma ube nomlomo owomile. Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzokuhlolela sona phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 kuya kwangu-28 okukhulelwa. Kodwa uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile, unomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela, noma ube nalesi simo ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini , ungase uhlolwe ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwakho.
Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga zesifo sikashukela
Uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa, singadala izinkinga ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingaba izimpawu zesimo esinjalo:
- Kuthathe isikhathi ukuthi amanxeba aphole
- Ukulunywa kwesikhumba njalo (ikakhulukazi esithweni sangasese sowesifazane noma endaweni yesinqe)
- Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo okuvamile
- Ukwanda kwesisindo kwakamuva
- Isikhumba esimnyama esicwebezelayo entanyeni, emakhwapheni, nasezimbotsheni (`Acanthosis Nigricans`)
- Ukuba ndikindiki nokuqaqamba ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukukhubazeka kokubona
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Erectile (ED)
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-45 noma unezinye izinto ezibangela isifo sikashukela (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, umlando womndeni), kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo , noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ukulimala kwemizwa, isifo senhliziyo, nezinye izinkinga eziningi.
Ngokuvamile, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:
- Uma uzizwa unesicanucanu, ukhathele, futhi womile kakhulu
- Uma uchama kakhulu
- Uma unesifo sesisu esibuhlungu kakhulu
- Uma ukuphefumula kujule futhi kushesha kunokujwayelekile
Ikakhulukazi, uma umoya wakho unuka kamnandi, njengomshini wokususa i-nail polish, kusho ukuthi amazinga akho amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-ketone egazini aphezulu kakhulu. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi sidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Hlala uqaphele izimpawu ezivamile njengokoma njalo, ukuchama njalo, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukubona okufiphele kanye nokwehla kwesisindo.
- Ngisho noma lezi zimpawu zincane kakhulu, ungazinaki bese ubuza ukuthi, "Kuyini lokho?" Kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo esibucayi.
- Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zivela ngokushesha, kuyilapho izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zikhula kancane kakhulu.
- Uma usengozini yokuthola isifo sikashukela (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, umlando womndeni), thola ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu.
- Ngokuthola isifo sikashukela kusenesikhathi nokuthola ukwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile. Uma unokungabaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
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