Cishe uke wezwa nge-meningitis, noma lokho ngezinye izikhathi esikubiza ngokuthi 'umkhuhlane wobuchopho.' Kuyisimo esibi esibangela ukuthi isivikelo esizungeze ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla sivuvuke. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa igama. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kulesi sifo. Izinto ezilula njengokugonywa nokugeza izandla zethu zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yethu kanye nemindeni yethu yokuthola lesi sifo. Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi lokho kusebenza kanjani.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokugoma evimbela i-meningitis
Indlela engcono kakhulu nephumelela kakhulu yokuvikela i-meningitis ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-meningococcal. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zale mithi yokugomela. Lokhu kungavimbela cishe ama-70% ezimo zokugula okubangelwa amagciwane e-meningococcal. Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi abathola umuthi wokugomela bavikelekile kahle.
Ngezansi kunezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokugoma kanye nencazelo elula yayo.
| Isigaba somuthi wokugoma | Incazelo nezincomo |
|---|---|
| Umuthi wokugomela i-meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) | Odokotela batusa ukuthi izingane zithole lo muthi wokugoma lapho zineminyaka engu-11 noma engu-12. Bese kuba nomthamo wokukhulisa lapho zineminyaka engu-16. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-Serogroup B Meningococcal B | Lo muthi wokugomela uvame ukunconywa kubantu abasha, ikakhulukazi abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-16 no-18 . |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-meningococcal polysaccharide (MPSV4) | Lolu olunye uhlobo lomjovo oluvikela i-meningitis. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yimuphi umjovo okulungele wena ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho, impilo yakho, kanye nezici eziyingozi. |
Abantu abasengozini ekhethekile okufanele bagonywe
Ngaphezu kokugoma okuvamile kwabantwana, odokotela batusa nokuthi abantu abanezici ezithile eziyingozi bathole lo muthi wokugoma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Abantu abacabanga ukuthi bebesondelene kakhulu nesiguli esine-meningitis: Ngoba kunobungozi obukhulu bokuthola lesi sifo.
- Abafundi bonyaka wokuqala abahlala ezindlini zokulala zaseyunivesithi: Ingozi yokusabalala kwalesi sifo iphezulu ngoba abantu abaningi bahlala ndawonye.
- Labo abaqeqeshwa empini: Ngenxa yokuhlala eduze emakamu.
- Abantu abaya emazweni lapho i-meningitis ivame khona (isib. amazwe ase-Afrika).
- Abantu abasusiwe udengezi lwabo noma abadengezi lwabo alusebenzi kahle: Ngoba udengezi luyisitho esibalulekile ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela komzimba.
- Abantu abanobuthakathaka obuthile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba: Isibonelo, labo abanezimo ezifana "nokuntuleka kwengxenye ye-terminal component component".
- Abantu abasebenza emalabhorethri futhi abavame ukuchayeka kumagciwane e-meningococcal.
Ngisho noma ungaweli kunoma yisiphi salezi zigaba, uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba nge-meningitis, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho ngakho.
Khumbula lezi zinto ngaphambi kokugonywa.
Uma ugula kakhulu ngosuku lokugonywa kwakho, njengokuthi unomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma umkhuhlane omkhulu, linda uze ululame ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma. Futhi, kufanele ugweme ukuthola lo muthi wokugoma uma unezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba nomthamo wangaphambilini walo mjovo.
- Uma une -allergy enkulu kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomjovo.
Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane kanye nokubomvu endaweni yokujova. Lokhu kuvamile. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba njengomkhuhlane ophakeme, ukuzizwa ungaphilile, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma isiyezi, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) .
Omunye umuthi wokugomela obalulekile ovimbela i-meningitis
I-Meningitis ingenzeka futhi njengenkinga yezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, singazivikela ngokungaqondile kwi-meningitis ngokuthola imijovo evimbela lezi zifo eziyisisekelo. Eminingi yale mijovo ifakiwe ohlelweni lukazwelonke lokugoma olunikezwa izingane ezweni lethu.
| Igama Lomuthi Wokugoma | Ukubaluleka |
|---|---|
| Umuthi wokugomela i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo B (Hib) | Lo muthi wokugomela uvimbela ukutheleleka okubangela i-pneumonia kanye ne-meningitis. Amagciwane e-Hib ayeyimbangela eyinhloko ye-bacterial meningitis ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Kodwa lo muthi wokugomela manje usunciphise kakhulu ukutheleleka kwawo. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-pneumococcal | Lokhu kuvikela i-bacterial meningitis. Lo mjovo unconywa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kanye nabo bonke abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-measles, i-mumps, i-rubella (MMR) | I-Meningitis ingenzeka njengenkinga yesimungumungwane kanye nomumbu. Umuthi wokugomela i-MMR uyayiqeda leyo ngozi. |
| Umuthi wokugomela i-Varicella/Chickenpox | Igciwane le-chickenpox lingabangela ne-viral meningitis. Lo mjovo ungavikela kuleyo ngozi. |
Ezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ezingathathwa ngaphezu kwemigomo
Nakuba ukugoma kuyisivikelo sethu esiyinhloko, kunemikhuba elula esingayilandela ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke engasivikela hhayi kuphela kwi-meningitis, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi ezithelelanayo.
I-Meningitis ingasakazeka kusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye ngokuthimula, ukukhwehlela, ukuqabulana, nokwabelana ngezinto ezifana nezitsha, izitsha zokudla, kanye namabhulashi amazinyo asetshenziswe yisiguli .
Cabanga uma othile emndenini wakho ethola uhlobo oluthelelanayo lwe-meningitis, nciphisa ukuxhumana naye kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Uma uke waxhumana eduze nomuntu one-meningitis, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.Kuye ngohlobo lwe-meningitis isiguli esinayo, udokotela angase ancome ukuthi uphuze nama-antibiotic njengesinyathelo sokuqapha. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unokungabaza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Nakuba i-meningitis iyisifo esibi kakhulu, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ingavinjelwa.
- Ukugoma kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuzivikela kulesi sifo. Khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho mayelana nemithi yokugoma efanele wena nezingane zakho bese uthola imijovo edingekayo.
- Ngaphezu kokugoma, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, njengokugeza izandla njalo ngensipho nokungabelani ngezinto zakho siqu (njengamabhulashi amazinyo, izinkomishi) nabanye.
- Uma uke waxhumana eduze nesiguli esine-meningitis noma unemibuzo mayelana nalesi sifo, ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha .
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