Ingabe lobu buhlungu besifuba buwuphawu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo? (I-Angina engazinzile)

Ingabe ngokuzumayo uzwa ubuhlungu bokucinana noma ukucindezela esifubeni sakho? Mhlawumbe uzwa lobu buhlungu kakhulu uma uhleli noma ubukele i-TV kunangesikhathi usebenza engadini. Ingabe lobu buhlungu bubonakala bubi kakhulu kunangaphambili, futhi bubonakala bufika ngezikhathi ezingalindelekile? Ungabunaki nje. Lokhu kungaba yisixwayiso esingathi sína esivela enhliziyweni yakho. Yilokhu esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.

Iyini ngempela le angina engazinzile?

Kalula nje, i-Unstable Angina ubuhlungu besifuba obuvela lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ingatholi inani elifanele legazi elinomoya-mpilo. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengomshini osebenza njalo. Lo mshini udinga ukunikezwa uphethiloli njalo, okuyigazi elinomoya-mpilo. Leli gazi lilethwa enhliziyweni ngemithambo yenhliziyo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol namafutha avela ekudleni esikudlayo ziqala ukwakheka ngaphakathi kwale mithambo yegazi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(i-Plaque)`. Lolu ngqimba `lwe-plaque`` lunciphisa kancane kancane imithambo yegazi. Uma kwenzeka ihlule legazi ngokuzumayo kuleyo ndawo encishisiwe bese libhajwa, ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni kuyanqamuka kakhulu. Yilapho-ke kuvela khona ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obubizwa ngokuthi i-Unstable Angina .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-angina engazinzile?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu, njengoba zihlukile ebuhlungwini besifuba obuvamile.

Lobuhlungu buvame ukuhlala imizuzu eyi-15 noma ngaphezulu. Uma bungelashwa, lobu buhlungu bungaphinde bubuye.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko kanye nezici eziyingozi zalesi simo?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yisifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, lokhu kubangelwa ukunqwabelana kwe-cholesterol namafutha emithanjeni yegazi yenhliziyo, okuvimba ukugeleza kwegazi, noma i-atherosclerosis.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?

• Kwabadala
• Uma kukhona emndenini (umama, ubaba, izingane zakubo) onesifo senhliziyo
• Kwababhemayo
• Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela
• Kulabo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Kulabo abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini

Kodwa khumbula, ngisho nomuntu ongekho engozini angaba ne-angina engazinzile. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wonke umuntu aqaphele izimpawu.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezinkulu ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma i-angina engazinzile ingelashwa ngokushesha, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

• Ukuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo: Lena inkinga enkulu kakhulu. Ukunikezwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo kunqanyulwa ngokuphelele, okubangela ukuba izingxenye zayo zife.
• Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Isimo lapho inhliziyo yonakele khona ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo futhi ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
• Isifo sohlangothi:Ukuvaleka noma ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia): Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• Ukuma kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe: Inhliziyo iyayeka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo. (Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).

Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?

Uma uya esibhedlela unalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzokubuza ngemininingwane ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzohlola umfutho wegazi lakho futhi ahlole umzimba wakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzoyala lezi zivivinyo.

• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ukuhlolwa okuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kunganikeza umbono wokuthi inhliziyo yonakele noma ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuye kwehla yini.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Lenhliziyo: Kunezinhlobo ezithile zama-enzyme aqongelela egazini lapho inhliziyo yonakele. Amazinga alawa ayahlolwa.
• I-Echocardiogram: Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungahlola izinto ezifana nokuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani nokuthi ipompa kanjani igazi.
• I-Coronary Angiogram: Lesi isivivinyo esinembile kakhulu. Ithubhu elincane lifakwa ngomthambo ongalweni noma emlenzeni wakho, lidluliselwe emithanjeni yegazi yenhliziyo yakho, bese kufakwa uketshezi olukhethekile, bese kuthathwa izithombe ze-X-ray. Lokhu kungabonisa ngqo ukuthi kuphi nokuthi kungakanani ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo yakho.

Iphathwa kanjani?

I-Angina engazinzile ayisona isifo esingelashwa ekhaya. Kuyadingeka ngempela ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokwelashwa. Ngoba ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo iphezulu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Umgomo oyinhloko ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni, ukulawula ubuhlungu, nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Imithi enikeziwe

Udokotela angakunika izinhlobo eziningana zemithi, njenge:

• I-Nitroglycerin: Yehlisa ubuhlungu besifuba futhi ikhulise imithambo yegazi, okwenza ukugeleza kwegazi kube lula.
• Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Imithi efana ne-Aspirin ne-Clopidogrel ivimba ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi amasha.
• Ama-Beta-blockers: Yehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi yehlise umthwalo womsebenzi wenhliziyo.
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol: Lawula amazinga e-cholesterol egazini.
• Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu: Lawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi.

Izinqubo uma kudingeka

Uma imithi yodwa ingakwazi ukulawula lesi simo, noma uma kukhona ukuvaleka okukhulu kwemithambo yegazi, udokotela angase asebenzise lezi zinhlobo zokwelapha.

• I-Angioplasty ene-Stent Implantation: Umthambo ovalekile uvuthwa ngedivayisi efana nebhaluni bese kufakwa idivayisi efana ne-mesh (Stent) ngaphakathi komthambo ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ungaphinde uvalwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Heart Bypass:Ukuhlinzwa okudlula umthambo ovalekile bese kusetshenziswa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba ukudala indlela entsha yokuthumela igazi enhliziyweni.

Yenza lezi zinto ukuze usindise impilo yakho

Isikhathi sokuya esibhedlela ngokushesha e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)

• Uma ubuhlungu besifuba sakho buhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-15 .
• Uma ubuhlungu bungapheli ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa umuthi we-nitroglycerin onikezwe udokotela.
• Uma ubuhlungu buphela isikhashana bese bubuya noma bube bubi kakhulu kunangaphambili .

Izinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi

Ngemva kokwelashwa, kukuwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi simo asiphinde senzeke.

• Thatha umuthi udokotela wakho awunikezayo ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
• Uma ubhema, yeka namuhla.
• Yamukela ukudla okunempilo. Yidla imifino nezithelo eziningi. Nciphisa amafutha, usawoti kanye noshukela.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo. Ngisho nokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kwanele.
• Lawula isisindo sakho.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-cholesterol, zilawule kahle.
• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka.

Akudingeki ukuthi uhambe wedwa kulolu hambo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Yazisa umndeni wakho ngalokhu. Kubaluleke kakhulu kubo ukwazi ukuthi benzeni esimweni esiphuthumayo.