Ake sifunde ngedivayisi encane (i-Vena Cava Filter) evimba amahlule egazi ukuthi angafiki emaphashini.

Ngezinye izikhathi, amahlule egazi angakheka emithanjeni ejulile yemizimba yethu, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni. Uma lawa ephuma lapho, ehamba negazi, ehamba enhliziyweni, futhi ebhajwe emthanjeni emaphashini, kungaba isimo esiyingozi kakhulu esingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngedivayisi ekhethekile, encane esetshenziselwa abantu abasengozini yalokhu futhi abangakwazi ukuthatha ama-anticoagulant.

Kalula nje, iyini le Vena Cava Filter?

Empeleni lokhu kuyithuluzi elincane lensimbi. Cabanga ngakho njengohlaka lwesambulela, noma i-mesh encane. Kufakwa ngaphakathi komthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuvimba amahlule egazi akheka ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba ukuthi angahambi negazi aye emaphashini. Kufana nesihlungi esifakwa epayipini lamanzi ukuze kumiswe ukungcola. Kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa, futhi kubamba amahlule egazi kuphela.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi zihlungi:

• Isihlungi se-Inferior Vena Cava (IVC): Lesi yisona esisetshenziswa kakhulu. I-Inferior Vena Cava iwumthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi lisuka engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba wethu (njengemilenze nesisu) liye enhliziyweni. Ngakho-ke, lesi sihlungi sifakwa ngaphakathi kwalo mthambo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi emilenzeni.
• Isihlungi se-Superior Vena Cava (SVC): Lesi sisetshenziswa kaningi kakhulu. Sisetshenziswa uma kukhona ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi emthanjeni othwala igazi lisuka engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba (njengezingalo, intamo, noma ikhanda) liye enhliziyweni.

Ubani odinga lesi sihlungi se-IVC?

Udokotela angase ancome isihlungi se-IVC ngezizathu eziningana ezithile. Akuwona wonke umuntu othola amahlule egazi ozodinga. Ungase uthande ukucabangela esinye uma unesinye salezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Uma unesifo lapho kwakheka khona amahlule egazi emithanjeni yakho, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) , kanye...
• Uma ungakwazi ukuthatha ama-anticoagulant, kungenzeka ukuthi unesinye isimo sezokwelapha esanda ingozi yokopha, noma ngoba une-allergy emuthini.
• Uma usenamahlule egazi aphindaphindayo , noma ngabe uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
• Uma uke waba negazi elijiyile emthanjeni ojulile emlenzeni wakho, okungukuthi i-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .
• Uma usuvele une -pulmonary embolism , igazi ligobile emaphashini, futhi kunengozi enkulu yokuthi liphinde livele.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?

Lokhu akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile kungaqedwa cishe ngehora.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa

Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezempilo. Kuzodingeka ubatshele ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. Bangase bakucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin noma imithi yokunciphisa igazi izinsuku ezimbalwa. Bazokweluleka nokuthi uyeke ukudla nokuphuza amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Bangase benze nokuhlolwa kwegazi, i-ECG, kanye ne-echocardiogram.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa

1. Okokuqala, i-saline (IV) izofakwa emthanjeni engalweni yakho.

2. Ngizokunika umuthi wokukuthulisa futhi ukwenze uzizwe unesiyezi kancane.

3. Umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ufakwa endaweni lapho kuzofakwa khona isihlungi (ngokuvamile entanyeni noma endukwini).

4. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa ukusika okuncane kakhulu, bese kudluliswa ithubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter ngalo ngomthambo liye endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-Vena Cava.

5. Udokotela uzosebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile ye-X-ray (i-fluoroscopy) ukuhlola ukuthi ithubhu lisendaweni efanele. Angase futhi afake uketshezi olukhethekile (izinto eziphambene) ukuze enze umthambo ubonakale kakhudlwana.

6. Uma isifikile endaweni efanele, isihlungi sifakwa nge-catheter bese sibekwa lapho. Isihlungi siyavuleka ngaphakathi bese sinamathela odongeni lomthambo.

7. Uma umsebenzi usuqediwe, i-catheter iyasuswa bese i-incision ivalwa ngebhandeji.

Ziyini izingozi kanye nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela amahora ambalwa. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, uzonikezwa imithi yobuhlungu. Ezimweni eziningi, ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kodwa uzodinga umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.

Nakuba lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephephile kakhulu, kunezingozi ezithile ezingavela kaningi.

• Ukungezwani noketshezi olukhethekile (umehluko) olujovwe.
• Ukopha noma ukutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa.
• Ukulimala emthanjeni wegazi.
• Ukusuka endaweni yokufaka isihlungi uye enhliziyweni noma emaphashini.
• Ukuqhekeka kwesihlungi .
• Ukuvaleka komthambo lapho kufakwa khona isihlungi (i-IVC thrombosis) .

Lezi zingozi ziphansi kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuzazi.

Ukululama

Isihlungi siqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemva kokufakwa. Kungase kube nokuklwebheka kanye nokungakhululeki endaweni yokusikwa izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma sifakwe ngentamo, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi evamile cishe emahoreni angama-24. Uma sifakwe nge-groin, udokotela ukweluleka ukuthi ugweme imisebenzi efana nokukhwela izitebhisi, ukushayela, nokuphakamisa izinsimbi cishe izinsuku ezimbili.

Uma kuyisihlungi sesikhashana (esingatholakala), kubaluleke kakhulu ukusisusa ngokushesha okukhulu, uma ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi isinciphile, noma lapho kuqalwa izinto zokunciphisa igazi. Ngoba uma isihlungi sishiywa emzimbeni isikhathi eside kakhulu, ingozi yezinkinga esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni iyanda.