Ingabe unemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi ebonakala emilenzeni yakho? Noma ingabe imilenze yakho ihlala ivuvukala futhi izwa isinda? Nakuba lezi kuyizinkinga ezivamile kubantu abaningi, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingaba izimpawu zesifo esihlobene nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, ikakhulukazi imithambo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi siyini lesi sifo semithambo yegazi, noma `(Isifo Semithambo Yegazi)`, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lesi sifo. Ungesabi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo semithambo yegazi?
Cabanga nje, kunenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu wonke. Le mithambo siyibiza ngokuthi imithambo yegazi. Kulezi, imithambo ethwala igazi isuka emzimbeni iye enhliziyweni yimithambo. Ngaphakathi komthambo ophilile kunezingxenye ezincane ezifana nomnyango, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-valve. Lezi zivuleka ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Ngakho igazi ligeleza njalo liye enhliziyweni futhi alibuyi.
Kodwa-ke, esimweni esifana nokuthi `Ukuntuleka Kwemithambo`, lawa ma-valve awasebenzi kahle. Okwenzekayo ukuthi igazi alihambi phambili, kodwa liyama endaweni eyodwa, noma ligeleze libuyele emuva. Yilokhu esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi isifo semithambo. Ukwelapha lokhu kubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zezifo zemithambo yegazi
- Amahlule Egazi: Ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli (CVI): Ukuma kwegazi ngenxa yobuthakathaka besikhathi eside bama-valve emithanjeni.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ukuqhekeka kwegazi emithanjeni ejulile emzimbeni (ngokuvamile emilenzeni). Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kancane.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism: Ihlule legazi eliphuma ku-DVT liye emaphashini. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu nesiyingozi.
- I-Exficial thrombophlebitis: Kwakha ihlule legazi emithanjeni engaphansi kwesikhumba, okwenza umthambo uvuvuke, ube bomvu, futhi ube buhlungu.
- Imithambo ye-Varicose kanye nemithambo yesicabucabu: Imithambo evuvukele, egoqekile ebonakala ngaphezu kwesikhumba. Abantu abaningi babiza le mithambo ngokuthi "imithambo yesicabucabu."
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoqala azame ukulawula lesi simo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasetshenziswa kodwa noma kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Kwenzekani ngalokhu? |
|---|---|
| Izinto zokunciphisa igazi (i-Anticoagulation) | Le mithi ivimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezifana ne-DVT kanye nokuvimbela ukwakheka kwamajiya egazini. |
| Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zamasokisi (Amasokisi Okucindezela) | La masokisi afaka ukucindezela okuncane emilenzeni, anciphise ukuhlangana kwegazi emithanjeni. Asiza ekulawuleni imithambo ekhuphukile kanye ne-DVT. |
| Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila | Izimpawu zingalawulwa ngezinto ezifana nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuhamba, ukugcina imilenze yakho iphakeme kancane, kanye nokwehlisa isisindo. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-Sclerotherapy | Lokhu kuyindlela ekhethekile yokwelapha imithambo evuvukele. Udokotela ufaka uketshezi olukhethekile ngqo emthanjeni ovuvukele. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umthambo unciphe futhi unyamalale ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
Ukwelashwa kwesimanje kusetshenziswa ama-catheter
Ngalezi zindlela, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane esikhumbeni bese efaka i-catheter , ipayipi elincane kakhulu, emthanjeni. Njengoba lokhu kungadingi ukusika okukhulu, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sifushane futhi izinkinga zimbalwa.
- I-Angioplasty: I-catheter ifakwa emthanjeni ovalekile bese kuba nebhaluni elincane ekugcineni elifuthwayo ukuze kwandiswe umthambo kusuka ngaphakathi. Lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kalula. Ngezinye izikhathi, kufakwa i -stent , ipayipi elincane eline-mesh, ngaphakathi komthambo ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ungaphinde unciphe.
- Ukwelashwa nge-thrombolytic okuqondiswa yi-catheter: I-catheter ifakwa endaweni lapho kutholakala khona i-blood clot bese kufakwa ama-thrombolytics kuyo ngqo. Lokhu kuncibilikisa i-clot zingakapheli amahora ambalwa noma izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukususwa kokushisa okungaphakathi: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukwelashwa nge-laser. I-catheter isetshenziselwa ukuthumela ukukhanya kwe-laser noma amandla okushisa emthanjeni ongasebenzi kahle, "ukuvala" umthambo kusuka ngaphakathi. Umthambo ube usuncipha bese igazi liqala ukugeleza emithanjeni enempilo.
- Isihlungi se-Vena cava:Lesi isihlungi esincane esimise okwesambulela. Sifakwa ngaphakathi komthambo omkhulu esiswini sethu (i-vena cava). Sisetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amahlule egazi akheka emilenzeni ukuthi angahambi aye ebuchosheni noma emaphashini.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukunconywa kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezilula zehlulekile, noma uma isimo sibi kakhulu.
Uma lesi simo siphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, noma uma usengozini yesimo esibucayi kakhulu njenge-DVT noma i-Pulmonary Embolism, udokotela wakho angase acabangele ukuhlinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa:
- Ukubopha nokususa: Lokhu kuhilela ukubopha umthambo onenkinga we-varicose bese uwususa. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokusika okuncane kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elinjenge-endoscope.
- I-SEPS (ukuhlinzwa kwe-subfascial endoscopic perforator): Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kubantu abanemithambo yegazi eyonakele emilenzeni engezansi futhi abanamanxeba angapholi (izilonda zemithambo yegazi).
- Ukudlula ngokuhlinzwa: Kufana nokwakha indawo yokudlula ukuze kudlule umgwaqo ominyene, lokhu kuhilela ukudala indlela entsha ezungeze umthambo wegazi ovinjiwe. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa ucezu lomthambo wakho noma ipayipi lokwenziwa (i-graft).
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa, kunezingozi kanye nezinzuzo. Isibonelo, imithi yokunciphisa igazi ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukopha. Kunengozi encane yokutheleleka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo zalokhu kwelashwa zidlula kakhulu izingozi. Lokhu kwelashwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila njenge-pulmonary embolism. Kungaphinde kunikeze impumuzo ezimpawini ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubuhlungu, ukulunywa, kanye nemithambo yegazi ephukile. Udokotela wakho uzochaza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo sakho.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ngemuva kokuthola ukwelashwa kwesifo semithambo yegazi (i-catheter noma ukuhlinzwa), bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukopha okuqhubekayo noma olunye uketshezi oluvela emanxebeni
- Imfiva
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze i-incision
- Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zomzimba
- Ubomvu noma ukufudumala okuzungeze indawo yokusikwa
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo semithambo yegazi yisimo esiphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yomzimba wethu. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ubuhlungu, noma imithambo ebonakalayo, ungazinaki. Bona udokotela ukuze uthole imbangela.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo namuhla, okuhlanganisa imithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, ukwelashwa kwesimanje okusekelwe ku-catheter, kanye nokuhlinzwa.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangagwema izinkinga eziyingozi futhi baphile impilo evamile nesebenzayo.
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