Ingabe ingalo yakho ivuvukele futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Ingabe lokhu kungaba yi-Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (VTOS)? Ake sithole!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ingalo yakho izwa ubuhlungu obungavamile noma isisindo? Mhlawumbe ivuvukile futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Sivame ukucabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuwukuklwebheka noma okuthile okwenzeka ngenxa yokukhathala. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu ezibonakala zilula, kufanele siqaphele kakhudlwana, njengoba kungase kube nesimo sezokwelapha esingaziwa kakhulu esifihliwe ngemuva kwaso. Esinye sezimo ezinjalo yi-'Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome'. Nakuba igama lingase libonakale lide kancane, masiliqonde kalula.

Iyini i-Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (VTOS)?

Kalula nje, i-Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (noma i-VTOS ngamafuphi) yisimo lapho umthambo emzimbeni wethu, obizwa ngokuthi umthambo, ucindezelwa khona. Le mithambo ithwala igazi elisetshenzisiwe, noma igazi elinomoya-mpilo ophansi, libuyela enhliziyweni nasemaphashini lisuka ezicutshini zomzimba wethu. Ku-VTOS, umthambo oyinhloko othintekile umthambo we-subclavian, otholakala ngemuva kwe-collarbone (clavicle) yethu. Lo mthambo utholakala ehlombe.

Indawo lapho lo mthambo udlula khona ibizwa ngokuthi `(i-Thoracic outlet)`. Cabanga ngayo njengepayipi lamanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lo mthambo uvaleka, yilapho inkinga iqala khona. Yilokho okwenzeka kumuntu one-`VTOS`. `(I-Subclavian vein)` icindezelwa ngaphakathi kwale `(i-Thoracic outlet)`. Yilapho ubona khona izinto ezifana nobuhlungu engalweni, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokushintshwa kombala engalweni. Elinye igama lalesi simo yi-`Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS).`

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo?

Nakuba lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-VTOS' singakhula kunoma ubani, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba naso.

• Abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-50 ngokuvamile bathambekele kakhulu ekutholeni i-'Thoracic Outlet Syndrome' (okuyisigaba esikhulu lapho i-'VTOS' iyingxenye yaso).
• Futhi, labo abadlala imidlalo ehilela ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo, okuphindaphindiwe kwengalo nehlombe (isibonelo, i-volleyball, ithenisi, ukubhukuda, i-baseball) noma labo abasebenza emisebenzini ehilela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe (cabanga, umuntu ophakamisa ingalo yakhe usuku lonke ukupakisha izinto, noma umuntu osebenzisa ingalo yakhe ngendlela efanayo enkambisweni yokukhiqiza) basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.

Ingabe i-VTOS ingaba yingozi? Yiziphi izinkinga?

Yebo, i-'VTOS' yisimo esingaba yingozi uma singasinaki. Ngoba, lapho lowo mthambo ucindezelwe, ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwawo kuyavimbeka. Ngemuva kwalokho amahlule egazi angakheka ngaphakathi kwalowo "mthambo we-Subclavian'. Ngenxa yalezi zingqimba zegazi, ukugeleza kwegazi engalweni nasesandleni kungavinjelwa ngokuphelele.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, ngezinye izikhathi leli qhubu legazi lingaphuka bese lidlula emithanjeni yegazi liye emaphashini. Leso yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Sikubiza ngokuthi "i-pulmonary embolism". Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obungazelelwe, ukukhwehlela, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi unezimpawu ze-Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi inkinga iyini ngempela.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Umthambo we-subclavian utholakala phakathi kwe-collarbone (clavicle) yethu kanye nombambo wokuqala, futhi uthwala igazi elivela engalweni yethu liye enhliziyweni yethu. Iningi labantu linesikhala esanele sokuba lo mthambo udlule ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bazalwa benesikhala esincane.

Kulabo bantu, lapho izingalo namahlombe abo kusetshenziswa njalo nangokuphindaphindiwe, imithambo ekuleso sikhala esincane inamathuba amaningi okucindezelwa noma ukucindezelwa. Lokhu kucindezelwa kungaphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi futhi kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Ngaphezu kwalesi sizathu esiyinhloko, kunezinye izici eziningana ezingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-'VTOS':

• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile : Uma sikhula isisindo, kubeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emalungeni ethu. Lokho kungathinta nalokhu.
• Ukulimala ngokomzimba : Ukulimala ehlombe noma entanyeni ngenxa yengozi yemoto noma ukuwa.
• Indlela esima ngayo : Indlela esihlala futhi sima ngayo. Indlela esima ngayo kabi nayo ingabeka ingcindezi engadingekile kule ndawo.
• Ukukhulelwa : Lesi simo singase senzeke ngezinye izikhathi ngezinguquko emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe : Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lapho wenza izinto ngokuphindaphindiwe njengokuphonsa ibhola, ukuphakamisa izinto ngaphezu kwekhanda lakho, noma ukushwiba into efana nenduku yebhola ngokushesha.

Ziyini ngempela izimpawu ze-VTOS?

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-'VTOS' babhekana nezimpawu esandleni esisodwa kanye nesandla. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko:

• Ukuzwa izinhlungu noma ubuhlungu esandleni .
• Isikhumba esandleni siphenduka sibe nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nonsomi .
• Ukuzizwa usinda esandleni.
• Ukuvuvukala .
• Ngezinye izikhathi imithambo ohlangothini olulodwa lwehlombe, ingalo, noma isifuba iqala ukuvela ngokucacile .

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhathazeka ngazo.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-VTOS? Yiziphi izivivinyo?

Uma unezimpawu ze-'VTOS', udokotela uzoqala ahlole ihlombe lakho, intamo, kanye nengalo. Bazohambisa ingalo yakho iye phambili naphambili baye ezindaweni ezahlukene ukuze bahlole ububanzi bokunyakaza kwakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzobuzwa ngezimpawu zakho futhi umfutho wegazi lakho uzohlolwa. Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-VTOS, uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe ukuze kuhlolwe indawo yokukhipha uketshezi esifubeni.

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola ukuthi i-VTOS ikhona yini:

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kuvame ukusetshenziselwa lokhu. Okusho ukuthi, ukuhlolwa okungabheka imithambo yegazi, ezinye izakhiwo, kanye nokugeleza kwegazi emzimbeni.

• (I-CT scan)Lokhu kuhilela ukuqondisa ama-X-ray kusuka ezinhlangothini ezahlukene nokusebenzisa ikhompyutha ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane, njenge-cross-section, yengxenye efanele yomzimba.
• (I-MRI) : Lokhu kusebenzisa omaginethi abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• I-Ultrasound : Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kungabheka ngisho nokugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• (I-Venogram) : Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kancane. Lapha, ithubhu elincane, elincane (`(i-catheter)`) kanye noketshezi olukhethekile (`(udayi ohlukile)`) kudluliselwa emthanjeni, bese kuthathwa isithombe `se-X-ray``. Lolu ketshezi lwenza imithambo ibonakale ngokucacile.
• (I-X-ray) : I-X-ray evamile ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka emathanjeni.

Udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi une-VTOS noma cha ngokwenza olunye noma ngaphezulu lwalezi zivivinyo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-VTOS?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwelapha i-VTOS: okungahlinzwa kanye nokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzoqala azame ukuncibilikisa amahlule egazi uma ekhona. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokunikeza imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi (ama-anticoagulants) . Isibonelo, bangase banikeze i-Warfarin (Coumadin®) noma ama-anticoagulants omlomo aqondile (Xarelto®) noma i-Eliquis®.

Ngemva kokuba ihlule lincibilikile, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kumiswe ihlule lingaphinde lakheke futhi nokunciphisa ingcindezi emthanjeni . Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela angase:

• Susa noma yiziphi izicubu noma ama-ligaments angaphezulu azungeze umthambo we-subclavian angase abangele ingcindezi emthanjeni.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ukugeleza kwegazi kungaqondiswa ukuze kudlule imithambo eyonakele futhi kubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile.

Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okufanele wena, kuye ngesimo sakho.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola i-VTOS?

Nakuba kungekho ndlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukwenzeka kwe-'VTOS', kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise umonakalo obangelwa yilokhu kunyuka:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esifanele iminyaka yakho, ubulili kanye nohlobo lomzimba wakho.
• Gwema ukuthwala izikhwama ezisindayo ehlombe elilodwa kuphela. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izikhwama ezisabalalisa isisindo.
• Nciphisa ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe ngaphezulu. Uma kufanele wenze lokhu, thatha ikhefu phakathi.
• Yenza izivivinyo eziqinisa amahlombe akho. Ukuqeqeshwa kokumelana noma ukuphakamisa izinsimbi kungasiza ngalokhu.
• Yenza izivivinyo zokuzelula entanyeni, emahlombe, nasesifubeni nsuku zonke.

Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, unganciphisa le ngozi ngezinga elithile.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzazi nge-VTOS (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, i-`Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome` yisimo esithinta `(umthambo we-Subclavian)` wethu. Lo mthambo ungacindezelwa, ubangele ukuvuvukala, ukushintsha kombala, kanye nobuhlungu engalweni. Uma indlela eya kulowo mthambo emzimbeni wakho incane ngokwemvelo, noma uma unomsebenzi ovame ukusebenzisa ihlombe nengalo yakho, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne-`VTOS`.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi uma lesi simo singalashwa, singaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi njengokuqhekeka kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona izimpawu kusenesikhathi futhi uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, ungathola imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Ucwaningo luye lwathola nokuthi ukuqala ukwelashwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-14 zokuqala kwezimpawu kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuphumelela kwemiphumela .

Ngakho-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, sicela ungazinaki futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Uzokuhlola futhi akutshele ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha!

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungabuza udokotela wakho:

• Yini engaba yimbangela eyinhloko yokuthi ngibe nalezi zimpawu?
• Yiziphi izivivinyo okudingeka ngizenze?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Ingabe ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kuzothuthukisa izimpawu zami?
• Yiziphi izinguquko engingazishintsha endleleni yami yokuphila ukuze nginciphise lezi zimpawu?

Kungcono kakhulu ukubuza imibuzo efana nalena bese uqonda kangcono isimo sakho.

I- Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, i-VTOS, i-Paget-Schroetter syndrome, i-subclavian vein, i-blood clot, i-pulmonary embolism, ukuvuvukala kwengalo, ubuhlungu bengalo, ukuvuvukala kwengalo, ubuhlungu bengalo, i-blood clot, i-thoracic outlet syndrome, i-venous thromboembolism