Omiyane bayizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezicasulayo ezweni lakithi. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, besijwayele umiyane oluma isikhumba sethu futhi ubangele ithumba elincane. Nakuba sisaba kakhulu i-dengue, asicabangi kakhulu njalo lapho umiyane usiluma. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kunezinye izifo ezingadluliselwa omiyane, njenge-dengue, ezingaba yingozi kakhulu? Elinye lamagciwane anjalo 'igciwane laseWest Nile'. Nakuba igama lisha kancane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-West Nile Virus?
I-West Nile igciwane elidluliselwa kubantu ngokulunywa omiyane. Laqala ukutholakala esifundeni sase-West Nile e-Uganda. Yileyo ndlela elathola ngayo igama lalo. Iningi labantu abatheleleke ngaleli gciwane abanazo izimpawu . Yilezo izindaba ezinhle. Kodwa-ke, cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu abantu abathelelekile (cishe u-20%) bangase babe nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile wegciwane, njengomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi "umkhuhlane wase-West Nile."
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ngaphansi kwe-1% yalabo abangenwe yileli gciwane (cishe oyedwa kubantu abayi-150), leli gciwane lingathinta isimiso sethu sezinzwa . Yilapho isimo siba sibi kakhulu. Izimo zokuvuvukala okukhulu ezihlobene nobuchopho noma umgogodla, njenge-encephalitis noma i-meningitis, zingavela.
Ziyini izimpawu zaleli gciwane?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, lokhu kungavela ngamazinga amabili ezimpawu. Esinye umkhuhlane ojwayelekile. Esinye isimo sezinzwa esibucayi. Ake siqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Izimpawu ezivamile (ezincane) (i-West Nile Fever) | Izimpawu ezinkulu (lapho uhlelo lwezinzwa luthintekile) |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, elingabekezeleleki |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Umkhuhlane ophakeme ngaphezu kwama-39.5 Celsius (103 Fahrenheit) |
| Ubuhlungu bomzimba nemisipha | Ukuqina kwentamo (ukungakwazi ukuletha isilevu esifubeni) |
| Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu | Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo |
| Uhudo | Ubuthakathaka bemisipha |
| Izilonda zesikhumba (ngokuvamile esifubeni nasemhlane) | Ukuqhaqhazela noma ukuthuthumela kwemisipha okungalawuleki (ukuthuthumela) |
| Izindlala ezivuvukile | Ukuba nesifo sokuwa (ukuxhuzula) |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu | Ukukhubazeka |
| Ubuhlungu ngemuva kwamehlo | I-Coma |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokulunywa umiyane, ungakushayi indiva njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha , ikakhulukazi uma unekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile, noma ukudideka.
Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kanjani?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. I-West Nile iyigciwane eliseqenjini elibizwa ngokuthi `(Arbovirus)`. Okusho ukuthi, igciwane elidluliselwa yizinambuzane. Amagciwane abangela izifo ezifana ne-dengue, i-yellow fever, kanye ne-Zika nawo angaphansi kweqembu elibizwa ngokuthi `(Flavivirus).`
Inqubo yokutheleleka imi kanje:
1. Okokuqala, umiyane uluma inyoni etheleleke ngaleli gciwane.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho igciwane liyakhula ngaphakathi emzimbeni womiyane.
3. Manje lowo miyane, osuthole igciwane, uyafika ulume umuntu .
4. Yilapho igciwane lingena khona emzimbeni womuntu.
Cabanga ngakho njengomuntu othumela iposi. Uthatha uhlamvu olubizwa ngokuthi igciwane enyonini bese umiyane ululetha kuwe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi,Lesi sifo asidluliselwa ngqo kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye . Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuthola lesi sifo ngokuthinta, ukukhuluma, noma ukusebenzisa into esetshenziswe ngumuntu onegciwane iWest Nile Virus.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube namacala okudluliselwa ngezinye izindlela:
- Kusukela kumama okhulelwe kuya enganeni esibelethweni.
- Ngobisi lwebele.
- Kusukela ekumpontshelweni igazi.
- Ngokufakelwa isitho.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo?
Omiyane baluma wonke umuntu, kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola izifo ezinkulu uma betheleleka ngaleli gciwane. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala .
- Abantu abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba (ngenxa yokuncipha kwamasosha omzimba).
- Iziguli zomdlavuza.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela.
- Abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
- Abantu abanesifo sezinso.
Ngenxa yokuthi amasosha abo omzimba abuthakathaka, kungaba nzima ngabo ukulwa naleli gciwane. Yingakho ingozi ikhula.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ngeshwa, ayikho imithi ethile yokulwa namagciwane engabulala igciwane laseWest Nile. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukulawula izimpawu.
Ngomkhuhlane ojwayelekile
Uma unezimpawu ezijwayelekile nje kuphela njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uphumule ekhaya, njengokwelapha umkhuhlane ovamile.
- Phumula kahle .
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi njengamanzi kanye nejusi yezithelo .
- Ungathatha umuthi onconywe udokotela wakho, njenge-paracetamol, wokwelapha umkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
Ezimweni ezibucayi
Uma umuntu ebonisa izimpawu ezinkulu ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa, kufanele nakanjani alaliswe esibhedlela futhi elashwe . Lokho akwenzayo esibhedlela ukusiza umzimba ukulwa negciwane futhi unqobe.
- Uma kuzwakala sengathi kuyaguguleka, bakunikeza imithi yokukuguguleka.
- Uma kunobunzima bokuphefumula, umoya-mpilo unikezwa noma uxhunywe ku-"(Ventilator)".
- Usawoti `(IV fluids)` unikezwa ukuvimba umzimba ukuthi ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Imithi efana ne-corticosteroids inganikezwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.
Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenzelwe ukuvikela impilo yesiguli nokunikeza umzimba amandla nokusekelwa okudingayo ukulawula igciwane.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungazivikela kanjani komiyane?
Njengoba kungekho muthi wokugomela lokhu, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane. Lokhu kufana kakhulu nalokho esikwenzayo ukuvimbela udenga ezweni lakithi.
- Gwema izikhathi lapho omiyane besebenza kakhulu: Ikakhulukazi ekuphumeni kwelanga nasekushoneni kwelanga , lapho omiyane besebenza kakhulu khona. Kungcono ukunciphisa isikhathi sakho ngaphandle phakathi nalezi zikhathi.
- Sebenzisa isibulali-zinambuzane: Uma uphuma ngaphandle, faka isithambisi noma amafutha okubulala izinambuzane ezindaweni zesikhumba eziveziwe.
- Gqoka izingubo ezimboza isikhumba: Ukugqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba, njengebhulukwe elide kanye namahembe anemikhono emide, kunciphisa amathuba okulunywa omiyane.
- Susa amanzi amile: Lokhu kufana nodenga. Ungavumeli amanzi aqoqeke ezindaweni ezifana namagobolondo kakhukhunathi, amathayi amadala, izinkomishi zeyogathi, amasoso ngaphansi kwezimbiza zezimbali, kanye nemisele yemvula . Lezi yizindawo lapho omiyane bebekela khona amaqanda abo.
- Vimbela omiyane ukuthi bangangeni endlini yakho: Faka izikrini eminyango nasemafasiteleni. Gcina iminyango ivaliwe njalo.
- Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane: Ukusebenzisa inethi yomiyane ngenkathi ulele ebusuku kuyisivikelo esihle kakhulu.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyi-14 ulunywe umiyane, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko. Angakuhlola futhi akuthumelele ukuhlolwa uma kudingeka.
Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ezimbi kakhulu , ungalibali ngisho nomzuzu . Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingabekezeleleki
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Ukuqina kwentamo
- Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuthuthumela
- Ukuba nokuquleka
Esimweni esinjalo, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa izimpilo futhi kunciphise izinkinga zesikhathi eside.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-West Nile Virus iyigciwane elisakazwa omiyane. Kodwa-ke, cishe ama-80% alabo abangenwe yileli gciwane awabonisi zimpawu.
- Iningi labantu liba nezimpawu ezincane kuphela, njengomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Lokhu kuzophela phakathi namasonto ambalwa.
- Akuvamile kakhulu (cishe oyedwa kwabayi-150), isimo esibi kakhulu esithinta ubuchopho kanye nesimiso sezinzwa singavela.
- Njengoba kungekho muthi othize walokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuzivikela ekulunyweni omiyane.
- Ukugcina ingadi yakho nendawo ezungezile ihlanzekile nokususa amanzi angami kuzokusiza ekuvikeleni ku-dengue kanye nalesi sifo.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, noma intamo eqinile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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