Bheka okunye kokudla okuthenga esitolo. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana ne-mayonnaise, i-ayisikhilimu, ushokoledi, ibhotela lamakinati. Zibushelelezi futhi ziyafana kangakanani? Zingagcinwa isikhathi eside. Wake wazibuza ukuthi zenziwa kanjani kanje? Esinye sezithako eziyimfihlo ngemuva kwalokhu sibizwa ngokuthi "ama-emulsifier." Namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi ziyini lezi zi-emulsifier ezihlala zisemapuletini ethu nokuthi zinhle noma zimbi emzimbeni wethu.
Ngakho-ke, ziyini lezi zi-emulsifier?
Kalula nje, ama-emulsifier yizinto ezihlanganisa izinto ezimbili ndawonye ezingafuni ukuxubana, njengabangane, bese zixubaniswa ndawonye. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu uwoyela namanzi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uxubha kangakanani ibhodlela ekhaya ngamanzi amancane kanye namafutha kakhukhunathi amancane, ngemva kwesikhashana uwoyela uzobuyela phezulu futhi uhlukane, akunjalo? Ama-emulsifier angamakhemikhali aphoqa uketshezi olubili olungahlangani ndawonye futhi asize ukugcina ingxube izinzile.
Lokhu kwengezwa ekudleni okuningi okucutshunguliwe nokupakishwe esikudlayo.
- Imayonnaise: Hlanganisa uwoyela noviniga (osekelwe emanzini).
- I-ayisikhilimu: Inciphisa ukwakheka kwama-ice cubes futhi inikeze ukuthungwa okubushelelezi nokunokhilimu.
- Ushokoledi: Gcina ibhotela likakhokho kanye nempuphu yekhokho kuhlukene.
- Imikhiqizo yesinkwa kanye neyokubhaka: Yandisa isikhathi sokugcinwa kwesinkwa futhi unciphise ukoma.
- Amasosi kanye nezithako zesaladi: Gcina uwoyela nezinye izingxenye zoketshezi zinobukhulu obufanayo, ngaphandle kokuzihlukanisa.
Lokhu kwengezwa ekudleni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka kwazo, kuzenze zibe bushelelezi, futhi kwandise isikhathi sazo sokuhlala isikhathi eside. Nakuba ezinye izinto ezixubayo zenziwe ngezitshalo (isb., i-soy), eziningi zenziwe ngemikhiqizo yezilwane, futhi eziningi zikhiqizwa ngokwenziwa emalabhorethri.
Akukhona nje ekudleni, kodwa nasemikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, okhilimu, kanye nemithi esiyisebenzisayo, lawa ma-emulsifier asetshenziselwa ukusiza ukugcina izithako ezisekelwe kumafutha namanzi zixubene.
Zisebenza kanjani lezi zinto? Ake sikubheke kancane ngokwesayensi.
Lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Cabanga nge-molecule ye-emulsifier njengomagnethi omncane, kodwa enezinhlangothi ezimbili ezisebenza ngezindlela ezimbili.
1. Uhlangothi olulodwa luyawathanda amanzi: Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi yi-hydrophilic. Lolu hlangothi lukhangwa ama-molecule amanzi.
2. Olunye uhlangothi luthanda uwoyela: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hydrophobic. Lolu hlangothi lukhangwa ama-molecule kawoyela.
Manje ake sithi sifaka i-emulsifier engxubeni yamafutha namanzi. Okwenzekayo ukuthi ama-molecule e-emulsifier ayahamba ayoqoqana eduze kwamaconsi amancane kawoyela. Izinhlangothi zawo ezithanda uwoyela ziphendukela econsini likawoyela bese zilibamba ngokuqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlangothi zazo ezithanda amanzi ziphendukela ngaphandle bese zenza ubungane nama-molecule amanzi azungezile.
Ngale ndlela, noma amaconsi kawoyela entanta emanzini, awavunyelwe ukuhlangana ndawonye ukuze akhe ungqimba olukhulu lwamafutha. Yingakho sithola ingxube ebushelelezi nezinzile. Ubisi luyisibonelo esihle se-emulsion eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. I-Margarine iphambene nalokho , ingxube yamaconsi amanzi kumafutha.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-emulsifiers atholakala ekudleni nasemikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-emulsifier ekudleni nakuma-cream esikudlayo. Kuhle ukwazi ngezinye zalezi.
| Uhlobo lwe-Emulsifier | Umthombo | Okuvame ukuqukethe |
|---|---|---|
| I-Lecithin yesoya | Ubhontshisi, iqanda eliphuzi | Izithako zesaladi, imikhiqizo yokubhaka, ushokoledi |
| I-Carrageenan | Ukhula lwasolwandle | I-ayisikhilimu, i-yogurt, inyama ecutshunguliwe |
| Ama-mono- nama-diglycerides | Amafutha emifino, amafutha ezilwane | I-ayisikhilimu, ikhekhe, isinkwa, imajarini |
| I-Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) | Okwenziwayo | I-ayisikhilimu, amasoso, imikhiqizo yokubhaka |
| I-Polysorbate 80 | Okwenziwayo | Ama-pickle, i-ayisikhilimu, amavithamini |
| I-Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) | Okwenziwayo | I-shampoo, insipho, umuthi wokuxubha amazinyo, izimonyo zesikhumba |
Umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu: Ingabe ama-emulsifiers ayingozi ngempela emzimbeni?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu sonke okudingeka siyazi. Ucwaningo lwamuva nje lubonise izingozi ezithile kulokhu.
Umthelela empilweni yamathumbu
Amathumbu ethu awawona nje umbhobho lapho ukudla kudlula khona. Anezigidigidi zamagciwane (amagciwane amahle) abalulekile empilweni yethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-gut microbiota . Lawa magciwane amahle asiza ekugayeni ukudla, enze amavithamini, futhi aqinise amasosha ethu omzimba.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi amanye ama-emulsifier okwenziwa angaphazamisa ibhalansi yalawa magciwane amahle emathunjini ethu.
Ucwaningo lwango-2021 luthole ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili zama-emulsifiers okwenziwa, ikakhulukazi i-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) kanye ne-polysorbate 80 , zilimaza amabhaktheriya amahle emathunjini futhi zandisa ingozi yokuvuvukala kwamathumbu .
Lezi zimo zokuvuvukala ezingamahlalakhona zingaholela ezifweni zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo (i-IBD), njengesifo sikaCrohn kanye ne -ulcerative colitis . Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa nokuthi zingaba nomthelela ezimweni ezifana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, kanye nesifo senhliziyo.
Umphumela esikhumbeni
Ama-emulsifier kweminye imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe ama-sulfate, njenge-SLS, angabangela ukoma, ukucasuka, futhi alimaze ungqimba lwemvelo lokuvikela isikhumba. Angabangela nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba kubantu abanesikhumba esibucayi.
Ngakho-ke senzani? Singazivikela kanjani kulezi zinto?
Ukuzwa konke lokhu kungaba yinto eyethusayo kancane. Kodwa akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Into eyinhloko ukuqaphela ukudla nemikhiqizo esiyithengayo.
1. Funda amalebula:Uma uthenga okuthile esitolo, yenza umkhuba wokufunda uhlu lwezithako. Hlola ama-emulsifier okwenziwa okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla.
2. Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe: Nciphisa ukudla okupakishwe kahle, okucutshunguliwe kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kunalokho, yidla ukudla okwemvelo okuningi njengemifino emisha, izithelo, kanye nokolweni ophelele . Uma ulungiselela ukudla kwakho ekhaya, ulawula ngokuphelele lokho okudlayo.
3. Qaphela imikhiqizo yokunakekela isikhumba: Uma unesikhumba esibucayi, khetha imikhiqizo ebhalwe ukuthi “ayina-sulfate.” Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umkhiqizo omusha, yenza isivivinyo se-patch ukuze ubone ukuthi unayo yini i-allergy.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubeka phambili ukudla kwemvelo, okuphelele ngangokunokwenzeka. Akuwona wonke amaphakethe esiwathenga esitolo abalulekile empilweni yethu.
Ucwaningo ngalokhu lusaqhubeka, ngakho-ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza okwamanje ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho okucutshungulwe okuqukethe ama-emulsifier okwenziwa ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-emulsifiers uhlobo lwezithako zokudla ezisetshenziswa ukusiza ukuxuba izinto ezingaxubeki, njengamafutha namanzi, ndawonye.
- Lokhu kunikeza ukudla okucutshunguliwe ukuthungwa okubushelelezi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside eshalofini.
- Kunobufakazi bokuthi amanye ama-emulsifier okwenziwa (ikakhulukazi i-CMC ne-Polysorbate 80) angalimaza amabhaktheriya awusizo emathunjini ethu futhi abe yingozi yokubangela izimo zokuvuvukala.
- Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu ukufunda amalebula lapho uthenga ukudla, uqaphele izithako, futhi ugxile ekudleni kwemvelo ngokunciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma unezinkinga zokugaya ukudla isikhathi eside, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ezinye izimpawu, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho futhi uthole iseluleko esifanele.
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