Uma sizwa igama elithi 'isimila sobuchopho', sonke siyasaba kancane, akunjalo? Ngisho nokuzwa lelo gama kusilethela ukwesaba. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, isizathu salokhu kwesaba ukuthi asazi kahle ukuthi kuyini. Ngakho-ke namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuthi ziyini lezi zimila zobuchopho, izinhlobo zazo, izimpawu, kanye nokwelashwa ngendlela elula kakhulu neqondakalayo. Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko, uzolahlekelwa ukwesaba kwakho okungadingekile ngalokhu futhi uthole ulwazi oluhle.
Iyini isimila sobuchopho?
Kalula nje, isimila sobuchopho ukukhula okungajwayelekile, okungalawuleki kwamaseli ebuchosheni bethu noma nxazonke. Cabanga ngakho njengoba wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu enesethi yemiyalelo (esikubiza ngokuthi i-DNA) esitshela ukuthi sisebenze kanjani. Lapho le sethi yemiyalelo yonakele ngesizathu esithile, amanye amaseli aqala ukuhlukana ngokungalawuleki, njengokuthi "ayahlanya." Leli yiqembu lamaseli aqoqana ngale ndlela, esikubiza ngokuthi 'isimila'.
La mantongomane angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ama-Tumors Angewona Awemvelo: Lezi akuzona izimo zomdlavuza. Ngokuvamile zikhula kancane kakhulu. Futhi azisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi zikuphi kanye nosayizi wazo, zingabangela izinkinga ngokucindezela izingxenye ezibalulekile zobuchopho.
2. Amathumba Amabi: Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umdlavuza. Akhula ngokushesha futhi angasakazekela ezicutshini ezizungezile nakwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho.
Umehluko phakathi kwezimila 'ezingenabungozi' kanye 'nezimbi'
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ake sikubheke ngale ndlela ukuze kube lula ukukuqonda.
| Isici | Izimila ezingembi | Izimila ezibulalayo |
|---|---|---|
| Izinga lokukhula | Ngokuvamile ikhula kancane. | Ngokuvamile ikhula ngokushesha. |
| Ukubhebhetheka | Akusabalali ezicutshini ezizungezile noma kwezinye izindawo. | Kungasakazekela ezicutshini ezizungezile nakwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho/umgogodla. |
| Imingcele | Ngokuvamile inemingcele ecacile futhi kulula ukuyisusa ngokuhlinzwa. | Kunemingcele engajwayelekile futhi kungase kube nezimpande ezifinyelela ezicutshini ezinempilo. |
| Ukuphindaphinda | Amathuba okuphindeka kwesifo ngemva kokususwa aphansi. | Amathuba okuphindeka kwesifo aphezulu ngisho nangemva kokususwa kwaso. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngisho nesimila esingesona esiyingozi singaba yingozi empilweni kuye ngokuthi sitholakala kuphi kanye nobukhulu baso ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha kuzo zonke izimila zobuchopho.
Ziyini izimpawu zesimila sobuchopho?
Izimpawu zesimila sobuchopho ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimila sitholakala kuphi ebuchosheni kanye nobukhulu baso, ngoba izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho bethu zilawula imisebenzi ehlukene emzimbeni.
Lezi ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Lokhu kungahluka ekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile. Kungaba nzima kakhulu uma uvuka ekuseni, noma kungaba buhlungu kangangokuthi kukuvuse ebusuku.
- Ukuquleka: Uma umuntu ongakaze abe nokuquleka ngaphambili eba nakho ngokuzumayo, kuyisibonakaliso okufanele sikhathazeke ngaso.
- Izinguquko ebuntwini noma ekuziphatheni: Izinto ezifana nokuthukuthela ngokuzumayo, ukucasuka, noma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
- Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi ngenkathi uhamba, isiyezi.
- Izinkinga zokubona: Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili, njll.
- Izinkinga zokuzwa: Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus).
- Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda amagama.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
- Ubuthuntu ebusweni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Eziningi zalezi zimpawu zingavela nakwezinye izifo ezivamile, ngakho ungesabi ukucabanga ukuthi unesimila sobuchopho ngoba nje unesinye noma ezimbili zalezi.Kodwa-ke, uma eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kuwukuhlakanipha ukungazinaki futhi nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho ukuze akuhlole.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma unezimpawu ezingenhla, udokotela wakho angase akuhlole futhi akuthumelele izivivinyo eziningana uma esola ukuthi kukhona isimila sobuchopho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzwa: Lapha, udokotela uhlola izinto ezifana nokulinganisela kwakho, ukuzwa, ukubona, kanye nokusabela komzimba.
- I-MRI kanye ne-CT Scan: Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola isimila sobuchopho ukusebenzisa i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile zobuchopho. Ngezinye izikhathi i-CT (Computed Tomography) scan nayo ingenziwa.
- I-Biopsy: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okuqinisekile okuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Kulokhu, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esigaxeni, kungaba ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokusikwa okuncane, kusetshenziswa inaliti, bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasho ngqo ukuthi isigaxa 'singesihle' noma 'siyingozi', nokuthi siluhlobo luni.
- I-Spinal Tap: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa uma kukhona ukungabaza ukuthi isimila sisakazekele ku-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF ).
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Indlela yokwelapha isimila sobuchopho incike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa uhlobo nobukhulu besimila, indawo yaso ebuchosheni, ubudala besiguli, kanye nempilo iyonke.
Nazi ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko:
1. Ukuhlinzwa: Ngokuvamile ukwelashwa kokuqala ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinza izinzwa uzozama ukususa isimila esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuchopho.
2. Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe: Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa izimila ezingenakusulwa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa, noma ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray) ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
3. Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma emise ukukhula kwawo. Le mithi inganikezwa njengomjovo noma amaphilisi.
4. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha zesimanje ezifana ne -Immunotherapy (evuselela amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe nomdlavuza).
Kwamanye amathumba 'angewona ayingozi', amancane kakhulu, angenazimpawu, udokotela angase anqume 'ukubuka nokulinda' ngaphandle kokwelashwa futhi enze ukuhlolwa njalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Akuzona zonke izimila zobuchopho eziwumdlavuza. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: ezingengozini kanye nezibulalayo.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda obungapheli, ukuquleka okusha, noma izinguquko zokuziphatha.
- Ngisho noma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ungesabi ngokungadingekile. Kungaba ngenxa yesinye isizathu esilula. Kodwa nakanjani bonana nodokotela.
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kungasithola ngokunembile lesi sifo.
- Namuhla, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe njengokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye ne-chemotherapy, ngakho-ke imiphumela ephumelelayo ingatholakala ngokufuna ukwelashwa ngaphansi kweseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha.
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