Njengomama ozoba ngumama, ungase ubheke phambili ekuzalweni komntwana wakho ephilile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungavela izinkinga zempilo ezingalindelekile. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesifo sokuzalwa esibi kakhulu abantu abaningi abangakaze basizwe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Anencephaly. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Iyini ngempela i-Anencephaly?
Kalula nje, i-anencephaly yisimo lapho umntwana ezalwa khona ngaphandle kokukhula kahle kwezingxenye zobuchopho kanye nogebhezi. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu futhi esibucayi kakhulu.
Ake sikuqonde lokhu kakhudlwana. Uma ukhulelwe, phakathi namasonto ambalwa okuqala, ubuchopho bomntwana wakho kanye nomgogodla kuqala ukwakheka njengediski eyisicaba yamaseli. Cabanga ngakho njengokugoqa iqabunga eliyisicaba libe yipayipi, bese leli diski lamaseli ligoqeka kancane kancane bese lakha isakhiwo esifana nepayipi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ipayipi lemizwa . Leli payipi lemizwa kufanele livalwe ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingama-28-32 ngemva kokukhulelwa.
Kodwa-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile le payipi yemizwa ingavaleki ngokuphelele, kusala isikhala esincane. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi amaphutha epayipi yemizwa . I-Anencephaly ingenye yalezi ziphazamiso zepayipi yemizwa. Kulesi simo, ipayipi yemizwa ihlala ivulekile phansi kwekhanda. Ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye zangaphambili nezingaphezulu zobuchopho kanye nezingxenye ezihlobene zekhanda azikhuli.
Yini engabangela i-anencephaly?
Kunzima ukukhomba imbangela eyodwa yalokhu. Inhlanganisela yezinto ingase ibe nomthelela kulokhu. Izici zofuzo, ukuntuleka kokudla okunempilo, kanye nezinto ezithile umama abhekana nazo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ziphakathi kweziyinhloko.
Ake sichaze kabanzi ngalezi zici eziyingozi kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuntuleka kwe-Folic Acid | Imbangela eyinhloko ukungatholi i-folic acid eyanele ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Le vithamini ibalulekile ekukhuleni kwe-neural tube yengane. |
| Eminye imithi | Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukuxhuzula, izifo zengqondo ezifana nesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kanye ne-migraines, njenge -Phenytoin, i-Carbamazepine, kanye ne-Valproic acid , ingandisa ingozi. |
| Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa | Uma umama enesifo sikashukela futhi amazinga kashukela egazini lakhe engalawulwa kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungathinta kabi ukukhula komntwana. |
| Ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu | Emasontweni okuqala okukhulelwa (lapho kwakheka ithubhu yemizwa), kungaba yingozi ukuthola umkhuhlane ophezulu noma ukuba semanzini ashisayo kakhulu, njengethubhu elishisayo noma i-sauna. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Ukwanda kwesisindo sikamama ngokweqile kuyisici esingathinta ukukhula komntwana ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa. |
| Izimo zofuzo | I-Anencephaly ingabangelwa nayizimo ezithile zofuzo, njenge-Trisomy 18. Kodwa-ke, lezi ngokuvamile azizuzwa njengefa, kodwa zishintsha ngokungahleliwe zofuzo. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-opioid | Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi izingane zomama abasebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid njenge-Codeine, i-Tramadol, ne-Morphine phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zokukhulelwa zinamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga ze-neural tube. |
Ingabe lesi simo singatholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Yebo, impela. Njengengxenye yokunakekelwa kwakho kwangaphambi kokubeletha, udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuhlola lezi zinhlobo zeziphambeko ze-neural tube.
- Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound:Lena yindlela eyinhloko. Ukuskena kuvumela udokotela ukubona isakhiwo sekhanda lomntwana, ubuchopho, kanye nomgogodla. I-Anencephaly ngokuvamile ingabonakala ngokucacile ngokuskena.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi Kwesikrini Se-Quad Marker: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwa egazini likamama. Kulinganisa izinga lekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) egazini likamama. I-AFP ikhiqizwa yisibindi somntwana. Uma izinga le-AFP egazini likamama liphezulu ngendlela engavamile, kungase kubonise ukuthi umntwana angase abe nephutha le-neural tube (njenge-anencephaly).
- I-MRI yengane esanda kuzalwa: Uma kukhona okungacacile kahle nge-ultrasound scan, i-MRI scan ingenziwa ukuze kutholakale izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane eminingi zobuchopho bomntwana kanye nomgogodla .
- I-Amniocentesis: Kulolu vivinyo, udokotela usebenzisa inalithi encane kakhulu ukuthatha isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana. Lolu ketshezi luhlolwa amazinga aphezulu e-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-AFP kanye ne-acetylcholinesterase. Amazinga aphezulu alokhu nawo ayisibonakaliso sokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu?
Lena yingxenye edabukisa kakhulu yalesi sihloko.
Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa noma ikhambi le-anencephaly.
Lokhu kuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyithwala. Ukukhulelwa okuningi okunezinkinga ze-neural tube kugcina ngokuphuphuma kwesisu. Ezinye izingane ezine-anencephaly zizalwa zifile. Ngisho noma ingane izalwa iphila ngandlela thile, impilo yayo inqunyelwe emahoreni noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Uma lesi simo sitholakala, udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi besibhedlela bazokunikeza wena nomndeni wakho ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo okudingekayo. Uma umntwana esezelwe, bazokunikeza izinsiza ezidingekayo zokuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka nomntwana phakathi naleso sikhathi esifushane.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi?
Nakuba i-anencephaly ingenakuvinjelwa izikhathi eziyi-100%, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise kakhulu ingozi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane abahlela ukuqala umndeni.
- I-Folic Acid: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana , qala ukuthatha ama-microgram angu-400 (400 mcg) e-folic acid nsuku zonke okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.Kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha lokhu ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ngemva kokukhulelwa. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma umthamo oqondile owudingayo.
- Qaphela imithi: Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo njengamanje (ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezifana nesifo sokuwa noma ukugula ngengqondo). Angancoma ezinye izindlela eziphephile uma kudingeka.
- Gwema imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid: Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, gwema ukuthatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Lawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho: Gwema ukuya emabhafini ashisayo kanye nase-sauna ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma uqala ukuba nomkhuhlane, xhumana nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokunciphisa umkhuhlane wakho ngokuphephile.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Zama ukugcina isisindo somzimba sinempilo ngisho nangaphambi kokuba nomntwana.
- Phatha isifo sikashukela: Uma unesifo sikashukela, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela engcono yokusiphatha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe futhi phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anencephaly iyisifo sokuzalwa esibi kakhulu, esibulalayo lapho ubuchopho bomntwana kanye nogebhezi lwakhe kungakhuli kahle.
- Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi simo.
- Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha i-folic acid ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ingane.
- Ama-scan ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa angabona lezi zimo kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi uye emtholampilo.
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