Ingabe ingane yakho ithukuthela kakhulu ngezinto ezincane? Ingabe iyathukuthela uma ugeza, ukhama izinwele zayo, noma uzama ngisho nokugibela ibhasi lesikole? Lokhu kungase kungabi nje ukuganga noma inkani. Eqinisweni, kungase kube nenkinga ejulile yempilo yengqondo ngemuva kwalokhu kuziphatha. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesinye salezi zimo, i-Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, noma i-DMDD ngamafuphi.
Kuyini i-DMDD?
Kalula nje, i-DMDD yisimo sempilo yengqondo lapho izingane zingakwazi ukulawula imizwa yazo, ikakhulukazi intukuthelo. Ngenxa yalokho, zivame ukuba nokuqhuma okukhulu, esikubiza ngokuthi "intukuthelo yomsindo," futhi yilokho ezikubiza ngakho. Lokhu kuqhuma kuvame ukwenzeka lapho kufanele benze into abangafuni ukuyenza.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akuyona nje imizwa emibi. Ngokuvamile, imizwa emibi yengane izophela ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Kodwa ingane ene-DMDD ayikwenzi lokho kalula. Intukuthelo nokukhathazeka kwayo kuyaqhubeka.
Lesi simo safakwa ngokusemthethweni ku-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) ngo-2013. Ngaphambilini, izingane ezinalezi zimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zazihlonzwa kabi njenge-patriotic bipolar disorder. I-DMDD yethulwa ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu futhi kuhlinzekwe ukuxilongwa okunembe kakhudlwana. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu enganeni ekhaya, esikoleni, nasebudlelwaneni nabantu, njengasebangani.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-DMDD?
Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko ezingabonakala enganeni ene-DMDD.
- Ukuqhuma Kwentukuthelo Enzima: Lokhu akuyona nje intukuthelo. Kuhlanganisa ukuziphatha kobudlova okungahlanganisa ukuhlukumeza ngamazwi, ukuklabalasa, ukuphonsa izinto, noma ngisho nokuhlasela umuntu ngokoqobo.
- Ukucasuka okuvamile: Lokhu kucasuka okukhulu kwenzeka kathathu noma ngaphezulu ngesonto.
- Ukukhathazeka ngisho noma engathukuthele: Ngisho noma ingane ingathukuthele kakhulu, ingase ichithe isikhathi esiningi sosuku ithukuthele, ikhathazekile, noma ithukuthele . Lokhu kuyaqondakala kakhulu emndenini nakothisha.
- Izimpendulo ezingafaneleki enkingeni: Uma ubheka isizathu sokuthukuthela kwengane, impendulo ayibonisayo ayifanele neze. Iqhuma ngisho nento encane kakhulu.
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo ekhaya nasesikoleni: Lesi simo sengqondo senza kube nzima ngengane ukugxila emsebenzini wesikole kanye nomsebenzi wesikole.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-DMDD kanye nezimbangela zayo
Ucwaningo kuze kube manje alukakatholi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kuyimbangela ye-DMDD. Ngakho-ke njengomzali, ungazizwa unecala ngalokhu.
Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-DMDD, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wengane yakho . Udokotela uzokubuza okuningi ngokuziphatha kwengane yakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uchaza indlela ingane yakho eziphatha ngayo ekhaya, esikoleni, nokuthi iphumile nini futhi ihamba nini. Udokotela uzobe esehlola ingane yakho ukuze abone ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izimbangela zomzimba ezingaba nomthelela kulezi zimpawu.
Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela uvame ukudlulisela ingane kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengoba i-DMDD ingadidaniswa nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo. Isibonelo:
- Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukunaka/Ukuphazamiseka Kokusebenza Kakhulu (ADHD)
- Isifo Sokuphikisa Esiphikisayo (ODD)
- Izinkinga Zokukhathazeka
Ukuze ingane itholakale ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ine-DMDD, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo kumele zihlangatshezwe. Ake sibheke lokhu etafuleni.
| Izindlela zokuxilongwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukucasuka okukhulu | Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwamazwi noma izenzo okungafanele isimo. |
| Imvamisa | Ngokuvamile kathathu ngesonto noma ngaphezulu . |
| Isimo sengqondo uma ungathukuthele | Ukuzizwa uthukuthele noma ukhathazekile cishe usuku lonke, ngisho nalapho uthukuthele. |
| Umkhawulo wesikhathi | Izimpawu kumele zihlale okungenani izinyanga ezingu-12 (unyaka owodwa). |
| Ubudala | Izimpawu kumele ukuthi zaqala ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-10. Ukuxilongwa kunikezwa kuphela ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-6 neyi-18 . |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-DMDD?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-DMDD iyisifo esisha, odokotela basacwaninga ngezindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu. Kodwa kakade kunezindlela zokwelapha eziye zabonisa imiphumela ephumelelayo. Kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha.
1. Imithi
Eminye imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-DMDD, ikakhulukazi intukuthelo nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Lokhu kufanele kunikezwe kuphela ngaphansi kwesincomo nokuqondisa kukadokotela.
- Izikhuthazi: Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kwe-ADHD futhi zisiza ekunciphiseni ukucasuka okubonakala ku-DMDD.
- Ama-antidepressant: Le mithi ingasiza ekunciphiseni intukuthelo nezinkinga zemizwa.
- Ama-Antipsychotics Angavamile: Lolu hlobo lomuthi ngezinye izikhathi lunikezwa izingane ezithukuthele kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinokuziphatha okulimaza abanye ngokomzimba.
2. Ukwelashwa Kwengqondo
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kubaluleke njengomuthi, uma kungenjalo kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabazali: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Abazali kudingeka bafundiswe ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani nengane ene-DMDD. Abazali kudingeka bafunde ukuqaphela izimbangela zentukuthelo yengane yabo, baphendule ngendlela efanele uma ivele, futhi bancome ingane yabo ngokuziphatha okuhle.
- Ukwelashwa kwengane: Ukwelashwa okuqondile kwengane nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) kusebenza kahle lapha. Lokhu kusiza ingane ukuthi ifunde ukuqaphela intukuthelo yayo, ifunde izindlela zokuyilawula, ixhumane kahle nabanye, futhi ibhekane nezimo eziyinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-DMDD akuyona inkani yengane noma ukuziphatha okubi. Yisimo sangempela sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukuqhuma njalo kwentukuthelo kanye nomuzwa oqhubekayo wokukhathazeka.
- Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.
- Lesi simo singaphathwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngemithi kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo (ikakhulukazi ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengane).
- Njengabazali, uthando lwenu, ukubekezela, nokuqonda kwenu kungamandla amakhulu engane yenu ukuze ilulame ngokushesha.
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