Wake wambona umuntu egijima esibhedlela ethukile, edinga igazi kakhulu? Mhlawumbe sekwenzekile kumngane noma esihlotsheni sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ezinjengalezi lapho siqonda khona ngempela ukubaluleka kokunikela ngegazi. Ukunikela ngegazi kuyinto enkulu kakhulu ongayenza ukuze usindise impilo yomuntu, ngaphandle kwezindleko, ngomzamo omncane. Ngakho-ke uma ucabanga nokunikela ngegazi, ungathola izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo yakho ngalo kulesi sihloko. Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokunikela ngegazi?
Kunezinzuzo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokunikela ngegazi. Eyokuqala isipho sokuphila kumuntu odinga igazi. Eyokuqala izinzuzo zempilo nezengqondo kuwe njengomnikeli.
Izinzuzo kwabanye
Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izimpilo ongasindisa ngesikhwama esisodwa segazi osinikelayo.
- Kulabo abaye babhekana nezingozi: Igazi lakho lingasindisa impilo yomuntu olahlekelwe igazi eliningi engozini enkulu futhi osengozini.
- Kulabo abenza ukuhlinzwa okukhulu: Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-bypass kudinga igazi eliningi.
- Kwabomama abakhulelwe: Kungasindisa impilo yomama opha kakhulu ngenxa yezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
- Kwabaguli abanomdlavuza: Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa komdlavuza kunciphisa ikhono lomzimba lokukhiqiza igazi. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi bathole ukumpontshelwa igazi okuqhubekayo.
- Kubantu abanezifo zegazi ezifana ne-Thalassemia: Abantu abanalezi zifo kudingeka baqhubeke nokuthola igazi ukuze basinde.
Izinzuzo zokunikela ngegazi
- Ukunciphisa amazinga ensimbi eningi emzimbeni: Ukuba nensimbi eningi kunokudingekile emzimbeni nakho akuyona into enhle. Njengoba insimbi isuswa emzimbeni kanye namaseli abomvu egazi lapho kunikelwa ngegazi, lokhu kusiza ukulinganisela amazinga ensimbi emzimbeni.
- Amazinga e-cholesterol nama-triglyceride athuthukisiwe: Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi abantu abanikela ngegazi njalo banamazinga aphansi e-cholesterol embi (i-LDL cholesterol) nama-triglyceride.
- Injabulo yengqondo kanye nokwaneliseka: Umuzwa wokusindisa impilo yomuntu ongamazi ngaphandle kokulindela lutho ngokubuyiselwa awunakulinganiswa. Injabulo yengqondo evela kukho inkulu kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimfanelo zokunikela ngegazi?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onganikela ngegazi. Udinga ukuhlangabezana nezimfanelo ezithile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphepha kwakho, komnikeli, kanye nesiguli esithola igazi.
| Ukufaneleka | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Kumelwe ube phakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 nengama-60 ubudala. |
| Isisindo | Kumelwe ube nesisindo okungenani esingamakhilogremu angu-50 (50 kg). |
| Isimo sempilo | Kumelwe ube nempilo enhle. Awukwazi ukuba nanoma yiziphi izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma ukukhwehlela ngaleso sikhathi. |
| Ukulala | Kufanele ulale kahle ebusuku (okungenani amahora ayisithupha) ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi. |
| Isikhathi esiphakathi kokunikela ngegazi | Uma unikela ngegazi eliphelele, kufanele ulinde okungenani izinyanga ezine ngemva kokunikela kanye ngaphambi kokunikela futhi. |
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ibhange legazi lizobuza nangemithi oyiphuzayo, noma yiziphi izifo ezingamahlalakhona onazo (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme), noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okwenzile muva nje, kanye nanoma yimiphi imidwebo yomzimba onayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphendula yonke le mibuzo ngeqiniso .
Kwenzeka kanjani yonke inqubo yokunikela ngegazi?
Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe ihora. Kodwa ukukhishwa kwegazi kwangempela kuthatha cishe imizuzu engu-8-10 kuphela. Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezine.
1. Ukubhalisa
Uma uya endaweni yokunikela ngegazi (ibhange legazi noma ikamu elihambayo), kufanele uqale ubhalise ngokunikeza igama lakho, ikheli, njll. Qiniseka ukuthi uletha umazisi wakho.
2. Umlando Wezokwelapha kanye Nomzimba Omncane
Okulandelayo, udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa mayelana nempilo yakho. Lokhu kuyimfihlo kakhulu. Ngakho ungesabi ukukhuluma iqiniso. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzohlolwa izinga lokushisa, umfutho wegazi, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Okulandelayo, kuzokwenziwa ukuhlolwa "kokugwazwa ngomunwe" okwaziwayo. Lokhu kuzohlola ukuthi izinga lakho le-hemoglobin (insimbi) egazini lakho liphakeme ngokwanele yini ukunikela ngegazi.
Igazi olinikelayo lihlolwa ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba linikezwe noma ubani. Lihlolwa izifo eziningana, okuhlanganisa i-HIV, i-hepatitis B no-C, kanye ne-syphilis. Ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka ngokuphepha kwalo.
3. Umnikelo
Uma uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo, uzolaliswa embhedeni okhululekile. Ilungu labasebenzi eliqeqeshiwe lizothola umthambo engalweni yakho, lihlanze indawo kahle, bese lifaka inaliti entsha, ehlanjululwe ngegciwane emthanjeni. Lokhu kuzozwakala njengokuhlaba okuncane, njengokulunywa yintuthwane encane. Uzobe usukwazi ukuphumula kahle imizuzu engu-8-10 ngenkathi isikhwama segazi sigcwala. Kuzothathwa amamililitha angu-450 kuphela (cishe iphayinti elilodwa) legazi.
Ngezinye izikhathi, unganikela ngama-platelet noma i-plasma egazini lakho kuphela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-apheresis. Inqubo ithatha cishe amahora amabili.
4. Ukuphumula Nokudla Okuphumuzayo
Uma igazi selikhishiwe, kuzobekwa iplasta encane phezu kwendawo yokubhoboza bese ucelwa ukuba uphumule imizuzu eyi-10-15. Okwamanje, uzonikezwa ibhisikidi kanye nesiphuzo (njengebhokisi lobisi) ukuze uphuze. Lokhu kuzosiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uphinde uthole ezinye zezinto ezilahlekile kanye namandla.
Yini okufanele uyenze ngemva kokunikela ngegazi?
Akukho miphumela emibi emikhulu eba khona ngemva kokunikela ngegazi. Kodwa kudingeka uqaphele ngezinto ezincane.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye nezinye izinto eziwuketshezi (hhayi utshwala) amahora angama-24-48 ngemva kokunikela ngegazi.
- Gwema umsebenzi onzima: Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukwenza umsebenzi onzima, ngisho nangalolo suku.
- Uma uzizwa unesiyezi kancane: Uma uzizwa ngaleyo ndlela, hlala phansi noma ulale phansi isikhashana. Lo muzwa uzophela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Uma igazi liphuma endaweni yokubhoboza: Bamba indawo ngesandla sakho isikhashana. Phakamisa ingalo yakho kancane.
- Uma uthola ukulimala: Ngezinye izikhathi indawo lapho ukuhlaselwa khona ingase ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, faka iphakethe leqhwa endaweni.
Uma unakekela lezi zinto, ngeke ube nezinkinga. Uma unezinkinga, ungesabi ukukhuluma nabantu abasebhange legazi noma udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukunikela ngegazi kuyinqubo ephephile kakhulu futhi elula. Ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Ithonsi legazi olinikelayo lingasindisa impilo yomuntu wonke.
- Ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, zilungiselele ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, nokulala ngokwanele.
- Phendula imibuzo ephathelene nempilo yakho ngokwethembeka njalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho nakwesiguli.
- Landela imiyalelo enikeziwe ngemva kokunikela ngegazi ngqo.
- Ekugcineni, ukwaneliseka okuvela ekunikeleni ngegazi akunakulinganiswa.
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