💬 Ama-capsule/uketshezi e-Nimodipine / Nymalize) umuthi othize kakhulu onikezwa yisiphi isifo?

Leli akulona iphilisi elivamile lokucindezela! Lolu uhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lomuthi okhethekile (i-Calcium Channel Blocker) osetshenziswa ezibhedlela ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka nokufa okungu-100% (ukuvimbela ukuntuleka kwegazi nge-Neurologic) lapho umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uqhuma futhi wopha (i-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - SAH). Ngenxa yokuqhuma, eminye imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni iyafinyela/iyaqhekeka, ivimbele igazi ukuthi ligeleze liye ebuchosheni besiguli!

💬 Uma umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uqhuma, lo muthi (i-Nimodipine) ungakuvimbela kanjani ukukhubazeka/ukufa?

Amaphilisi omfutho wegazi ajwayelekile (i-CCB) aphumuza imithambo yegazi emzimbeni. Kodwa okukhethekile kwalokhu ukuthi kusebenza ngqo emithanjeni yegazi ebuchosheni (i-High Cerebrovascular Selectivity)! Lapho umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uqhuma, eminye imithambo yegazi iyesaba futhi inciphe. Lapho nje lo muthi ufika ebuchosheni, uvimba i-calcium engena kuleyo mithambo yegazi, futhi yonke leyo mithambo iphumule (i-Vasodilation). Khona-ke amangqamuzana obuchopho ayaqhubeka nokululama futhi awakhubazeki.

💬 Kungani lo muthi (i-Nimodipine) une-'Black Box Sexwayiso' esisho ukuthi 'Ungalokothi unikeze umjovo we-IV'?

Leyo ingozi eyingozi kakhulu futhi ebulalayo yalokhu! Uhlobo loketshezi lwalo muthi luthathwa ngomlomo kuphela. Uma lufakwa ngephutha noma ngephutha emthanjeni (IV) ngesirinji, umfutho wegazi wesiguli uzokwehla ngokushesha ube yi-zero (Profound Hypotension), inhliziyo izoma ngokuphelele (Cardiac Arrest / Death) futhi isiguli sizofa khona manjalo! (Lesi yisigameko esibi esenzeke izikhathi eziningana emhlabeni).

Ingabe nawe uhlushwa ubuhlungu esihlakaleni? (Ubuhlungu Esihlakaleni) Ake sithole…

Ungakanani umsebenzi esiwenzayo ngezandla zethu usuku lonke? Kusukela ekubhaleni, ekulimeni, ekusebenziseni omakhalekhukhwini bethu, ekuphakamiseni izinsimbi, izihlakala zethu zisetshenziselwa yonke into. Ngakho-ke, uma kufanele sisebenze kanzima kangaka, ngisho nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukungakhululeki ezihlakaleni zethu, cishe uyazi ukuthi kungathinta kanjani usuku lwethu lonke. Esikhathini esiningi, lobu buhlungu buyaphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwento ethile engathí sina. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalobu buhlungu esihlakaleni.

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Iyini ngempela le bhande lesihlakala?

Kalula nje, isihlakala asiyona nje ijoyinti. Sifana nomshini omncane, oyinkimbinkimbi. Kuningi okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwalesi sikhala esincane okusiza kuzo zonke izinyakazo zesandla sethu ezigobayo nezijikajikayo.

Amathambo: Isihlakala sakhiwe yizingcezu eziningi ezincane zamathambo.
Imisipha: Le misipha inyakazisa isandla neminwe.
Imizwa: Lemizwa ithwala imiyalezo esuka ebuchosheni iye ezandleni futhi ithwala imizwa (ukushisa, ukubanda, ubuhlungu) esuka ezandleni iye ebuchosheni.
Ama-Tendon nama-Ligaments: Lawa axhumanisa amathambo futhi agcina ilunga liqinile.
Imithambo yegazi: Le mithambo yegazi ihlinzeka ngegazi kuzo zonke izicubu.

Uma noma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye yonakele noma ilimele, siqala ukuzwa ubuhlungu esihlakaleni.

Uzwa kuphi ubuhlungu?

Uma udokotela ebuza ngobuhlungu bakho, uzozama ukuthola ukuthi bukuphi esihlakaleni sakho. Lokhu kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekuxilongeni lesi simo.

Ubuhlungu besandla esingezansi: Uma isandla sakho sibuhlungu ohlangothini lwesandla sakho lapho kukhona khona umunwe wakho omncane, kungenzeka ukuthi ungowalolu hlobo.
Ubuhlungu besandla obubangelwa imisebe: Uma isandla sakho sibuhlungu ohlangothini lapho kukhona khona isithupha sakho, siwela kulesi sigaba.

Nokho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubuhlungu bukuphi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela bese uyelapha.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zobuhlungu esihlakaleni?

Akukho imbangela eyodwa yobuhlungu esihlakaleni, kodwa ziningi. Sizohlukanisa lezi zibe yizigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esinye ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukulimala, kanti esinye ubuhlungu obubangelwa izimo zempilo.

Uhlobo lwesizathu	Incazelo nezibonelo
Izingozi Nokulimala	Lezi yizinto ezenzeka ngokuzumayo. Ukuwa: Uma uwela esandleni sakho, ungakhubeka noma uphule isihlakala sakho. Ukulimala ngokweqile: Ukwenza uhlobo olufanayo lokunyakaza ngokuphindaphindiwe (isb., ukusebenzisa igundane lekhompyutha usuku lonke, ukusebenzisa umshini wokuthunga, ukudlala ezemidlalo) kungalimaza izicubu zesihlakala. Ukuqhekeka: Uma isihlakala sisonteka ngokuzumayo, imisipha ingalimala. Ukuphuka: Ukuphuka kwethambo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu esihlakaleni ngenxa yengozi.
Izimo Zempilo	Lezi zinhlungu zinganda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Ukuba ndikindiki nobuhlungu esandleni naseminweni okubangelwa ukucindezelwa kwenzwa enkulu edlula esihlakaleni. I-Arthritis Yesihlakala: Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuguguleka kwe-cartilage emalungeni ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izimbangela. I-Wrist Tendinitis: Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emisipha yesihlakala. Ama-Ganglion Cysts: Amaqhubu amancane, agcwele uketshezi avela esihlakaleni ngezinye izikhathi. Isifo sikaKienböck: Isimo lapho ukuphakelwa kwegazi kwelinye lamathambo amancane esihlakaleni kuncipha khona, okubangela ukuba kube buthaka futhi kube buhlungu.

Uhlobo lwesizathu

Incazelo nezibonelo

Izingozi Nokulimala

Lezi yizinto ezenzeka ngokuzumayo.

Ukuwa: Uma uwela esandleni sakho, ungakhubeka noma uphule isihlakala sakho.
Ukulimala ngokweqile: Ukwenza uhlobo olufanayo lokunyakaza ngokuphindaphindiwe (isb., ukusebenzisa igundane lekhompyutha usuku lonke, ukusebenzisa umshini wokuthunga, ukudlala ezemidlalo) kungalimaza izicubu zesihlakala.
Ukuqhekeka: Uma isihlakala sisonteka ngokuzumayo, imisipha ingalimala.
Ukuphuka: Ukuphuka kwethambo elilodwa noma ngaphezulu esihlakaleni ngenxa yengozi.

Izimo Zempilo

Lezi zinhlungu zinganda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Ukuba ndikindiki nobuhlungu esandleni naseminweni okubangelwa ukucindezelwa kwenzwa enkulu edlula esihlakaleni.
I-Arthritis Yesihlakala: Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukuguguleka kwe-cartilage emalungeni ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izimbangela.
I-Wrist Tendinitis: Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emisipha yesihlakala.
Ama-Ganglion Cysts: Amaqhubu amancane, agcwele uketshezi avela esihlakaleni ngezinye izikhathi.
Isifo sikaKienböck: Isimo lapho ukuphakelwa kwegazi kwelinye lamathambo amancane esihlakaleni kuncipha khona, okubangela ukuba kube buthaka futhi kube buhlungu.

Yini engenziwa ukwelapha lobu buhlungu?

Ukwelashwa okudingayo kuzoncika embangeni yobuhlungu bakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinto ezilula ongazenza ekhaya zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bakho.

Izinto ongazenza ekhaya

Phumula: Thatha ikhefu emsebenzini obangele ubuhlungu (isib. ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha, ezemidlalo) izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuzonikeza izicubu ezonakele isikhathi sokuphola.
I-ayisikhi: Faka iphakethe leqhwa imizuzu eyi-10-15 izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ungalokothi ubeke iqhwa ngqo esikhumbeni. Lisonge ngethawula elincane bese ulifaka.
Ama-Painkiller: Ungathatha ama-painkiller (ama-NSAID) njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, gwema ukuthatha imithi wedwa.

Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha

Uma ukwelashwa ekhaya kungasizi, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze lolu hlobo lokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba uzokufundisa ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile ukuqinisa isihlakala sakho nokwandisa ukuguquguquka.
Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi ugqoke i-cast, i-splint, noma i-brace ukuze ugcine isihlakala sakho singashukumi.
Imithi: Udokotela angase afake imithi efana nama-steroid (ama-corticosteroids) ukuze anciphise ukuvuvukala.
Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe iqhubu, kukhishwe inzwa ecindezelwe, kuboshwe amathambo aphukile, noma kulungiswe imisipha eyonakele. Lokhu kungaba ukuhlinzwa okulula okuvulekile noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-arthroscopic okwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncane okuningana.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho bese unquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani ubuhlungu esihlakaleni?

Bathi, “Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha.” Ngakho-ke uma unakekela lezi zinto ezincane, unganciphisa ingozi yobuhlungu esihlakaleni.

Kulabo abasebenzisa amakhompyutha:

Yehlisa ikhibhodi yakho kancane ukuze izihlakala zakho zingagobi phezulu uma uthayipha.
Esikhundleni sokuthayipha njalo, thatha ikhefu elifushane okungenani kanye ngehora bese uphumuza izandla zakho.
Sebenzisa indawo yokuphumula esihlakaleni sekhibhodi negundane.
Uma kungenzeka, shintsha isandla esisebenzisa igundane.

Imiyalelo ejwayelekile yokuphepha:

Qiniseka ukuthi ubopha ibhande lakho lesihlalo uma ugibela emotweni.
Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele (isib. izivikelo zesandla) uma udlala imidlalo noma wenza umsebenzi onzima.
Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo yakho yokusebenza icocekile ngokususa izinto ezingabangela ukuthi ushelele futhi uwe.
Uma ukhubazekile, sebenzisa i-walking aid (udondolo/i-walker).

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Esikhathini esiningi, ubuhlungu esihlakaleni buzophela zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela.

Uma ungakwazi ukuhambisa isandla sakho, isihlakala, noma iminwe.
Uma uzizwa ungenamizwa ngenxa yobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki esihlakaleni sakho noma esandleni sakho.
Uma isihlakala sakho, isandla, noma iminwe yakho ivuvukele noma ishintshe umbala.
Uma ubuhlungu bungapheli ngemva kwamasonto amabili okuqala ukwelashwa ekhaya noma uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka nokuba bubi kakhulu.
Uma isihlakala sakho sivuvukele futhi sibonakala sengathi sikhubazekile ngemva kwengozi, hamba uye esibhedlela i-ETU (i-Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ubuhlungu besihlakala buyinto evamile kakhulu. Lokhu akumangazi ngoba sisebenzisa izandla zethu usuku lonke.
Ngokuvamile, ukuphumula ngokwanele nokusebenzisa iqhwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu.
Ungabunaki ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma bungapheli ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma uma buba bubi kakhulu.
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, ukuvuvukala, ukungakwazi ukuhambisa isandla sakho, noma ukuba ndikindiki, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Uma isihlakala sakho sibuhlungu kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Uzokunikeza isiqondiso osidingayo ukuze ululame ngokushesha.

Ubuhlungu besihlakala, ubuhlungu besihlakala, ubuhlungu besandla, ubuhlungu bamalunga, i-carpal tunnel syndrome, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ubuhlungu besihlakala i-sinhala

Ingabe nawe uhlushwa ubuhlungu esihlakaleni? (Ubuhlungu Esihlakaleni) Ake sithole kahle ngalokhu