Uma ucabanga ngomiyane, into yokuqala efika engqondweni izifo ezifana ne-dengue ne-chikungunya, akunjalo? Kodwa uke wezwa ngelinye igciwane elidluliselwa yilawa miyane, futhi elingaba yingozi enkulu, ikakhulukazi komama abakhulelwe nezingane ezingakazalwa? Lelo yigciwane le-Zika. Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluphelele ngalo futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuzivikela. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngaleli gciwane le-Zika ngendlela elula kakhulu nenobungane.
Iyini igciwane leZika? Silithola kanjani?
Kalula nje, iZika iyigciwane. Yaqala ukutholakala e-Uganda ngo-1947. Leli gciwane lidluliselwa kithi ikakhulukazi ngomiyane base-Aedes . Ungase ukhumbule, labomiyane abafanayo basakaza nezifo ezifana nomkhuhlane we-dengue kanye negciwane le-chikungunya. Nakhu okwenzekayo: Lapho umiyane uluma umuntu onegciwane le-Zika bese uluma umuntu ophilile, lowo muntu naye uthola leli gciwane.
Kodwa okuphawulekayo ngalokhu ukuthi igciwane leZika lingadluliselwa hhayi ngomiyane kuphela, kodwa nangocansi . Indoda noma owesifazane onegciwane angadlulisela leli gciwane kumlingani wakhe wezocansi, noma ngabe akabonisi zimpawu.
Okuyingozi nakakhulu, futhi into okufanele sonke sikhathazeke ngayo, ukuthi umama okhulelwe onegciwane angadlulisela igciwane enganeni yakhe esibelethweni . Lokhu kungabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokuzalwa kwengane. Sizoxoxa ngalokho ngokuningiliziwe maduze.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Zika?
Akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane le-Zika ozobonisa izimpawu. Eqinisweni, oyedwa kuphela kwabahlanu abantu abanegciwane ozoba nezimpawu. Abanye abane abasele bazolulama ngaphandle kwezimpawu.
Kumuntu othola izimpawu, nakhu okufanele akulindele:
- Umkhuhlane ovamile
- Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
- Ubuhlungu bamalunga
- Amehlo abomvu (i-conjunctivitis noma i-pinkieye)
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 nezingu-14 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane. Futhi lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela zodwa ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma uhlala noma uye endaweni lapho igciwane le-Zika lisakazeka khona, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukuqubuka, noma ezinye izimpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu.
Yiziphi izingozi kumama okhulelwe kanye nomntwana wakhe ongakazalwa?
Yilapho sonke sidinga ukugxila kakhulu khona lapho sikhuluma ngegciwane leZika. Ezinye izingane ezizalwa omama abakhulelwe abatheleleke ngegciwane leZika zingaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-microcephaly .
Kalula nje, i-microcephaly yisimo lapho ikhanda lomntwana kanye nobuchopho bakhe kungakhuli kahle esibelethweni . Lokhu kuholela ekutheni ikhanda lomntwana libe lincane ngendlela engavamile. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu wobuchopho, ngezinye izikhathi ohlala isikhathi eside. Kwezinye izimo, kungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu noma ekuzalweni komntwana eseshonile.
Ngaphezu kwe-microcephaly, igciwane le-Zika lingabangela ezinye izinkinga eziningana zokuzalwa. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi i-congenital Zika syndrome . Lokhu kungafaka:
- Ukwehla kwezicubu zobuchopho kanye ne-calcium deposits okubonisa ukulimala kobuchopho.
- Ukulimala ngemuva kweso.
- Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe emalungeni afana ne-clubfoot.
- Ukuqina okungadingekile kwemisipha yomzimba.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi uzizwe wesaba uma uzwa lolu lwazi. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu kunokwesaba ukwenza konke okusemandleni akho ukuzivikela komiyane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nalapho uhlela ukukhulelwa.
| Isifo | Umiyane ozalanayo | Amaphuzu akhethekile |
|---|---|---|
| I-Zika | Ama-Aedes | Ingadluliselwa futhi ngocansi. Ingadluliselwa kusuka kumama okhulelwe iye enganeni yakhe futhi ibangele ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa (ikakhulukazi i-microcephaly). |
| UDengue | Ama-Aedes | Uma kukhulu, umkhuhlane wegazi we-dengue (DHF) kanye ne-dengue shock syndrome (DSS) kungavela. |
| I-Chikungunya | Ama-Aedes | Ngokuyinhloko kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nobuhlala isikhathi eside emalungeni. |
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha igciwane leZika?
Okwamanje, akukho ukwelashwa noma umuthi othize wegciwane le-Zika. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Iningi labantu abanezimpawu liyalulama ngokwelashwa okujwayelekile.
Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka kaningi ukuthi:
- Phumula kahle.
- Phuza uketshezi oluningi njengamanzi neziphuzo zezithelo.
- Thatha imithi efana neParacetamol yokwelapha umkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
Isixwayiso esibaluleke kakhulu! Njengoba umkhuhlane we-dengue unezimpawu ezifanayo, gwema ukuthatha i-aspirin noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokunciphisa ubuhlungu ze-NSAID (isib. i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac) kuze kube yilapho udokotela eqinisekisa ukuthi awunayo i-dengue . Le mithi ingandisa ingozi yokopha.
Ingabe ezinye izinkinga zempilo zingavela?
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi igciwane leZika lihlotshaniswe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Guillain-Barre syndrome . Yilapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona isimiso sezinzwa. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhubazeka kwesikhashana, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyinkinga engavamile kakhulu.
Singazivikela kanjani egciwaneni leZika?
Njengoba kungekho ikhambi, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona. Sonke singaba negalelo kulokhu.
1. Gwema ukulunywa omiyane:
- Sebenzisa imithi yokuxosha omiyane: Faka imithi yokuxosha enconywe yiziphathimandla zezempilo, ikakhulukazi leyo equkethe izithako ezifana ne-DEET ne-Picaridin, esikhumbeni sakho ngisho nasemini.
- Gqoka izingubo ezifanele: Gqoka amahembe anemikhono emide namabhulukwe amade amboza umzimba wakho kahle.
- Vikela ikhaya lakho: Faka izikrini emafasiteleni naseminyango. Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane uma ulele.
2. Bhubhisa izindawo zokuzalela komiyane:
- Laba omiyane be-Aedes babekela amaqanda abo emanzini ahlanzekile, amile. Ngakho-ke, hlanza njalo zonke izindawo lapho amanzi angaqoqana khona engadini nasendlini, njengamathayi , amathini, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, izimbiza zezimbali, amasoso, kanye nemisele yemvula .
3. Gwema ukudluliselwa ngocansi:
- Uma ningumbhangqwana okhulelwe: Uma umlingani wakho eye endaweni lapho kunobungozi bokutheleleka yiZika, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhondomu ngesikhathi socansi noma ukuyeka ucansi phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana: Uma uke waya endaweni enengozi yeZika, izikhulu zezempilo zincoma ukuthi uhlehlise ukukhulelwa okungenani izinyanga ezimbili kwabesifazane kanye nezinyanga eziyisithupha kwabesilisa. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukusebenzisa amakhondomu phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Zika yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esisakazwa kakhulu omiyane base-Aedes . Singadluliselwa futhi ngocansi.
- Abantu abaningi abathelelekile abanazo izimpawu . Ngisho noma izimpawu zivela, zingaba izinto ezilula njengomkhuhlane, ukugodola kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe basengozini enkulu. Uma igciwane lidluliselwa enganeni engakazalwa, lingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokuzalwa njenge-microcephaly.
- Ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela lesi sifo. Qiniseka ukuthi uyazivikela komiyane futhi ubhubhise izindawo zokuzalela komiyane .
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezimpawu zeZika noma uya ezindaweni eziyingozi.
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